Raw veganism

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Raw veganism is a diet that combines the concepts of veganism and raw foodism. It excludes all food and products of animal origin, any food that is processed or altered from its natural state, and food cooked at high temperatures. Raw veganism has rarely been practiced in history,^[1] but it has become more of a trend recently.^[2]

The world's first raw vegan restaurant called Raw Food Dining Room, at 640 S. Olive St. was opened in Los Angeles, California in 1918 by John and Vera Richter^[3] (no longer in existence). In 1925, Vera Richter published Mrs. Richter's Cook-Less Book, the first raw, almost vegan cookbook (references honey and egg).^[3]

Robert Hart practiced raw veganism from forest gardening as a food production system based on woodland ecosystems incorporating fruit and nut trees, shrubs, herbs, vines, and perennial vegetables.^[4][5] Forest gardens are a resilient agroecosystem.^[6]

The British Dietetic Association named the raw vegan diet one of the "top 5 worst celeb diets to avoid in 2018", raising a concern that it could compromise long-term health.^[7]

Food-borne outbreaks of bacterial, viral or parasitic infections, zoonotic or human,^[8] are caused by consumption of microorganism-contaminated raw herbs and spices,^[9] fruits, vegetables, or other plant foods.^[10][11] The US Food and Drug Administration recommends cooking when possible to kill microorganisms in raw plant foods.^[12][13]

Adulteration is a concern for spices that are imported from locations with substandard regulations for hygienic food preparation.^[14] Cooking may not eliminate adulterants, but may reduce microorganisms.^[14][15]

A vegan diet may reduce the risk of cancer.^[16] A 2009 review found that a vegan diet improved the management of diabetes and inhibited progression of atherosclerosis, while enhancing weight loss.^[17] According to one review, the overall mortality rate for people practicing a long-term vegan diet is similar to mortality in the general non-vegan population.^[18]

A 2020 review of vegan and vegetarian diets showed association with a higher risk of depression and anxiety, particularly among people under 26 years old.^[19] A 2019 review found that vegan and vegetarian diets may cause loss of bone mineral density and a higher incidence of bone fractures, if dietary calcium is deficient.^[20]

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