Withdrawal syndrome

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A withdrawal syndrome (also called a discontinuation syndrome) is a set of symptoms occurring in discontinuation or dosage reduction of some types of medications and recreational drugs. The risk of a discontinuation syndrome occurring increases with dosage and length of use.

• Alcohol withdrawal syndrome, symptoms seen when an individual reduces or stops alcohol consumption after periods of excessive alcohol intake
• Antidepressant discontinuation syndrome, a syndrome that can occur following the interruption, dose reduction, or discontinuation of SSRI or SNRI medications
• Antipsychotic withdrawal syndrome or dopamine supersensitivity psychosis, symptoms seen when an individual reduces or suddenly stops antipsychotics
• Benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome, symptoms that appear when a long term user stops taking benzodiazepines or reduces the dosage
• Cannabis withdrawal, a form of withdrawal associated with the substance cannabis
• Drug withdrawal
• Neonatal withdrawal, a withdrawal syndrome of infants, caused by administration of drugs or the prenatal exposure to a substance
• Nicotine withdrawal, the effects felt by a person who is nicotine dependent and suddenly stops or significantly reduces his or her nicotine intake
• Opioid withdrawal, symptoms seen with the cessation or rapid reduction of intake of opioid class drugs

• Physical dependence
• Psychological dependence
• Rebound effect
• Substance dependence

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