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MIKTA

Topic: Organization

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MIKTA
Formation25 September 2013; 12 years ago (2013-09-25)
TypeIntergovernmental organization
PurposeA cross-regional group of G20 member nations serving as a consultative platform which increases mutual understanding, deepens bilateral ties, and helps to find common ground for cooperation
Region served
Worldwide
Membership
 Mexico
 Indonesia
 South Korea
 Turkey
 Australia
WebsiteMIKTA.org
Head of Government of MIKTA nations gathering in 2024 G20 Rio de Janeiro summit: (L-R) Indonesia's Prabowo Subianto, Turkiye's Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, Mexico's Claudia Sheinbaum, Australia's Anthony Albanese, and South Korea's Yoon Suk Yeol

MIKTA is an informal middle power partnership between Mexico, Indonesia, South Korea, Turkey, and Australia.[1][2] It is led by the Foreign Ministers.[3] It was created in 2013 on the sidelines of the United Nations General Assembly in New York City and aims to support effective global governance.

The group's diverse membership – in terms of culture, socio-economic structure and geography – lends it a unique perspective. It is a cross-regional, values-based partnership with several key commonalities. Importantly, all member states are G20 economies with similar GDP and an interest in ensuring global governance systems work for all states regardless of size and influence. These similarities provide a strong foundation for mutual cooperation.[4]

Furthermore, the diversity within the partnership allows the members to share their knowledge and perspectives resulting from varied experiences.[5]

Nature of partnership

Consultative platform

A key aspect that distinguishes MIKTA from other multilateral groups is that it is an informal consultative platform, rather than a formal organisation. It provides a space for dialogue and innovative diplomacy to address current global issues. Information sharing and increased mutual understanding are central features of MIKTA.[6]

Strengths

One of MIKTA's key strengths is its flexibility. It provides an informal environment in which topical issues can be discussed, without pressure to reach a consensus. It seeks to assume an adaptable form of multilateral cooperation, in contrast to traditional ‘blocs’, so as to afford an enhanced ability to maneuver effective global governance in a world of fast-paced developments.[7]

As all MIKTA members are also members of broader international organisations, such as the United Nations, World Trade Organization and G20, issues relevant to those forums can form the topics of consultation in MIKTA. This may involve cooperating on commitments made within those organisations or, on occasion, committing to additional goals or standards.[8] It also provides an opportunity for these regional powers to engage in dialogue independently of larger economic powers.

Meetings

The MIKTA Foreign Ministers meet regularly. A retreat-style meeting is held annually in the chairing country. The members have also met on the sidelines of the UN General Assembly Leader's Week and the G20.[9]

Chair

The chair of MIKTA rotates annually.[10]

Year Chair
2014  Mexico
2015  South Korea
2016  Australia
2017  Turkey
2018  Indonesia
2019  Mexico
2020  South Korea
2021  Australia
2022  Turkey
2023  Indonesia
2024  Mexico
2025  South Korea

Areas of interest

MIKTA[11] has agreed to work together on a number of thematic issues.[12]

These include:

  • international energy governance and energy access;[13]
  • counter-terrorism and security;[14]
  • peacekeeping;[15]
  • trade and the economy;[14]
  • gender equality;[16]
  • good governance;[14] and
  • sustainable development.[17]

Activities

MIKTA[18] engages in a variety of activities in line with its core areas of interest. These include sharing information, releasing joint statements, non-papers that contribute to progress on multilateral issues, advocating common messages across each member's networks, workshops for technical experts and side events to support outcomes at major international events.[19]

Major activities of MIKTA[20] thus far are listed below.

  • Joint communiqués[21]
    • from 6 Foreign Ministers’ Meetings
  • Joint statements[22]
    • North Korean nuclear test (Jan 2016)
    • Terrorist attack in Turkey (Oct 2015)
    • Climate change (Sept 2015)
    • Financing for development (July 2015)
    • Commemorating International Women's Day (March 2015)
    • Ebola outbreak and global health (Sept 2014)
    • Downing of Malaysia Airlines Flight MH17 (July 2014)
  • Joint op-ed (Jan 2015)
  • Speakers’ Consultations[23]
  • Exchange programs[24]
    • Exchange of Diplomats (Ankara and Istanbul, Feb 2016)
    • Exchange of Young Professionals (Seoul, July 2015)
    • Exchange of Journalists (Seoul, May 2015)
  • Workshops[25]
    • MIKTA Workshop on Electronic Commerce (Geneva, 5 July 2016)
    • Third MIKTA Development Cooperation Workshop (Canberra, 1 April 2016)
    • Second MIKTA Development Cooperation Workshop (Seoul, 11 May 2015)
  • Academics network[26]
    • MIKTA Academic Conference: Unlocking Global Innovation (Canberra, April 14–15, 2016)[27]
    • The 1st MIKTA Academic Network Conference: Partnership in Knowledge for Better Global Governance (Seoul, May 11–12, 2015)[28]

(Participating academic institutions: CIDE of Mexico,[29] The Habibie Center of Indonesia,[30] IFANS of the Republic of Korea,[31] TEPAV of Turkey,[32] and Coral Bell School, ANU of Australia.[33])

Leaders

Member Leader Name Foreign Ministers Name Finance minister Name Central bank governor
 Australia Prime Minister Anthony Albanese Minister for Foreign Affairs Penny Wong Treasurer Jim Chalmers Michele Bullock
 Indonesia President Prabowo Subianto Minister of Foreign Affairs Sugiono Minister of Finance Purbaya Yudhi Sadewa Perry Warjiyo
 South Korea President Lee Jae Myung Minister of Foreign Affairs Cho Hyun Minister of Economy and Finance Koo Yun-cheol Rhee Chang-yong
 Mexico President Claudia Sheinbaum Secretary of Foreign Affairs Juan Ramón de la Fuente Secretary of Finance Rogelio Ramírez de la O Victoria Rodríguez Ceja
 Turkey President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Minister of Foreign Affairs Hakan Fidan Minister of Treasury and Finance Mehmet Şimşek Fatih Karahan

Member country data

Member Total Trade of Goods and Services
bil. USD
(2019)[34] 		Nom. GDP
mil. USD
(2025)[35] 		PPP GDP
mil. USD
(2025)[35] 		Nom. GDP per capita
USD
(2025)[35] 		PPP GDP per capita
USD
(2025)[35] 		HDI
(2023) 		Population
(2022) 		G20 DAC OECD NATO BRICS RCEP Economic classification
(IMF)[36]
 Mexico 958 1,692,640 3,395,916 12,692 25,463 0.789 128,533,664 Green tickY Red XN Green tickY Red XN Red XN Red XN Emerging
 Indonesia 370 1,429,743 5,009,483 5,027 17,612 0.728 275,773,800 Green tickY Red XN Red XN Red XN Green tickY Green tickY Emerging
 South Korea 1,172 1,790,322 3,365,052 34,642 65,112 0.937 51,638,809 Green tickY Green tickY Green tickY Red XN Red XN Green tickY Advanced
 Turkey 447 1,437,406 3,651,873 16,709 42,451 0.853 84,680,273 Green tickY Red XN Green tickY Green tickY Red XN Red XN Emerging
 Australia 556 1,771,681 1,980,022 64,548 72,138 0.958 26,019,185 Green tickY Green tickY Green tickY Red XN Red XN Green tickY Advanced

See also

References

  1. ↑ "MIKTA: What's in a name? The potential of middle power cooperation to strengthen global governance". October 20, 2020. https://www.undp.org/policy-centre/seoul/news/mikta-whats-name-potential-middle-power-cooperation-strengthen-global-governance. 
  2. ↑ Schiavon, Jorge A.; Domínguez, Diego (2016). "Mexico, Indonesia, South Korea, Turkey, and Australia (MIKTA): Middle, Regional, and Constructive Powers Providing Global Governance". Asia & the Pacific Policy Studies 3 (3): 495–504. doi:10.1002/app5.148. ISSN 2050-2680. 
  3. ↑ "Where next for MIKTA?". The Interpreter. 26 August 2020. https://www.lowyinstitute.org/the-interpreter/where-next-mikta. 
  4. ↑ Mo, J.; Jongryn, M. (2014). MIKTA, Middle Powers, and New Dynamics of Global Governance: The G20's Evolving Agenda. Asan-Palgrave Macmillan Series. Palgrave Macmillan US. p. 18. ISBN 978-1-137-50646-7. https://books.google.com/books?id=6NrSBQAAQBAJ&pg=PT18. Retrieved January 6, 2024. 
  5. ↑ Cooper, Andrew (2015). The Recalibration of Middle Powers under Conditions of Stress and Opportunity (Technical report). JSTOR resrep25993. Retrieved January 6, 2024.
  6. ↑ "MIKTA: The Middle Power's Last Hurrah?". December 28, 2022. https://gjia.georgetown.edu/2022/12/28/mikta-the-middle-powers-last-hurrah/. 
  7. ↑ "Joint Op-ed: 21st Century Global Governance (7 January 2015)". http://foreignminister.gov.au/articles/Pages/2015/jb_ar_150107.aspx?ministerid=4. 
  8. ↑ "MIKTA at the World Humanitarian Summit". http://mikta.org/document/reports.php?at=view&idx=221. 
  9. ↑ "Presiden Prabowo Bertemu dan Foto Bersama Para Pemimpin MIKTA di Sela KTT G20 Brasil". 18 November 2024. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4qUmvpp55hk. 
  10. ↑ "Video Mikta 2023". 21 November 2023. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FH3ZVCkGOjo. 
  11. ↑ "México como coordinador de MIKTA 2019". https://www.youtube.com/shorts/wH51_LizSnA. 
  12. ↑ "generally Joint Communiqué: 6th MIKTA Foreign Ministers' Meeting (New York, September 26, 2015)". http://mikta.org/document/joint.php?pn=1&sn=&st=&sc=&sd=&sdate=&edate=&sfld=&sort=&at=view&idx=160. 
  13. ↑ "Joint Communiqué: 6th MIKTA Foreign Ministers' Meeting (New York, September 26, 2015) at [7"]. http://mikta.org/document/joint.php?pn=1&sn=&st=&sc=&sd=&sdate=&edate=&sfld=&sort=&at=view&idx=160. 
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 "Joint Communiqué: 6th MIKTA Foreign Ministers' Meeting (New York, September 26, 2015) at [8"]. http://mikta.org/document/joint.php?pn=1&sn=&st=&sc=&sd=&sdate=&edate=&sfld=&sort=&at=view&idx=160. 
  15. ↑ "Joint Communiqué of Fifth Foreign Ministers' Meeting (Seoul, May 22, 2015) at [9"]. http://mikta.org/document/joint.php?pn=1&sn=&st=&sc=&sd=&sdate=&edate=&sfld=&sort=&at=view&idx=120. 
  16. ↑ "Joint Communiqué: 6th MIKTA Foreign Ministers' Meeting (New York, September 26, 2015) at [9"]. http://mikta.org/document/joint.php?pn=1&sn=&st=&sc=&sd=&sdate=&edate=&sfld=&sort=&at=view&idx=160. 
  17. ↑ "Joint Communiqué: 6th MIKTA Foreign Ministers' Meeting (New York, September 26, 2015) at [6"]. http://mikta.org/document/joint.php?pn=1&sn=&st=&sc=&sd=&sdate=&edate=&sfld=&sort=&at=view&idx=160. 
  18. ↑ "MIKTA | International Organization | NaRvi Academy". July 2022. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_wQnjckfD8Q. 
  19. ↑ "., Joint Communiqué of Fourth Foreign Ministers' Meeting (Brisbane, November 15, 2014)". http://mikta.org/document/joint.php?pn=1&sn=&st=&sc=&sd=&sdate=&edate=&sfld=&sort=&at=view&idx=88. 
  20. ↑ "Meeting Brings Together Parliament Speakers from MIKTA Countries". 22 November 2023. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EO3AKJ3juEk. 
  21. ↑ "Error: no |title= specified when using {{Cite web}}". http://mikta.org/document/joint.php. 
  22. ↑ "Error: no |title= specified when using {{Cite web}}". http://mikta.org/document/state.php. 
  23. ↑ "Error: no |title= specified when using {{Cite web}}". http://www.mikta.org/network/speakers.php?at=view&idx=137&ckattempt=1. 
  24. ↑ "Error: no |title= specified when using {{Cite web}}". http://mikta.org/project/exchange.php. 
  25. ↑ "Error: no |title= specified when using {{Cite web}}". http://mikta.org/project/workshops.php. 
  26. ↑ "MIKTA". http://mikta.org/network/som.php. 
  27. ↑ "Error: no |title= specified when using {{Cite web}}". http://mikta.org/network/som.php?pn=1&sn=&st=&sc=&sd=&sdate=&edate=&sfld=&sort=&at=view&idx=214. 
  28. ↑ "MIKTA". http://mikta.org/network/som.php?pn=1&sn=&st=&sc=&sd=&sdate=&edate=&sfld=&sort=&at=view&idx=111. 
  29. ↑ "Centro de Investigación y Docencia Económicas". http://www.cide.edu/. 
  30. ↑ "The Habibie Center". http://thcasean.org/about/thc. 
  31. ↑ "Institute of Foreign Affairs and National Security". http://www.ifans.go.kr/eng/main/index.jsp. 
  32. ↑ "Economic Policy Research Foundation of Turkey". http://www.tepav.org.tr/en. 
  33. ↑ "The Coral Bell School, Australian National University". http://bellschool.anu.edu.au/. 
  34. ↑ "WTO | 2017 Press Releases -Trade recovery expected in 2017 and 2018, amid policy uncertainty- Press/793". https://www.wto.org/english/news_e/pres17_e/pr791_e.htm. 
  35. ↑ 35.0 35.1 35.2 35.3 "Gross domestic product". IMF World Economic Outlook. April 2017. http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2017/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2015&ey=2022&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&pr1.x=107&pr1.y=0&c=193%2C273%2C536%2C186%2C542&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a=. Retrieved 22 December 2022. 
  36. ↑ "World Economic Outlook data". IMF. 2013. http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2013/02/weodata/weoselgr.aspx. Retrieved 19 October 2014. 



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