University of Manitoba

The University of Manitoba (U of M, UManitoba, or UM) is a public research university in the province of Manitoba, Canada. Its main campus is located in the Fort Garry neighbourhood of southern Winnipeg with other campuses throughout the city. Founded in 1877, it is the first university of western Canada.^[5] The university maintains a reputation as a top research-intensive post-secondary educational institution^[5] and conducts more research annually than any other university in the region.

The U of M is the largest university both by total student enrollment and campus area in the province of Manitoba, and the 17th-largest in all of Canada. The campus boasts dozens of faculties and hundreds of degree programs. The U of M is a member of the U15 and of Universities Canada, while its global affiliations include the International Association of Universities and the Association of Commonwealth Universities. Its increased global outreach has resulted in one of the most internationally diverse student bodies in Canada, while its competitive academic and research programs have consistently ranked among the top in the Canadian Prairies.

The Manitoba Bisons represent the team in athletics as a member of U Sports and Canada West Universities Athletic Association (CWUAA).

University of Manitoba alumni include Nobel Prize recipients, Academy Award winners, Order of Merit recipients, and Olympic medalists, among many others. (As of 2019), there have been 99 Rhodes Scholarship recipients from the University of Manitoba, more than that of any other university in western Canada.^[6][7] Likewise, the university has produced countless government figures, including provincial premiers, Supreme Court justices, and Members of Parliament (MPs). Research at the U of M has produced various world-renowned contributions, including the creation of canola oil in the 1970s.

Along with the Fort Garry campus as its central hub, the University of Manitoba operates three other major locations: the Bannatyne Campus, the James W. Burns Executive Education Centre, and the William Norrie Centre.^[8] Additionally, the university also administers its French-language affiliate, Université de Saint-Boniface in the Saint Boniface ward of Winnipeg.

History

Early history

Historical photo of the university

The University of Manitoba is a non-denominational university, founded by Alexander Morris, that received a charter on February 28, 1877, becoming the first university to be established in all of western Canada.^[5] It officially opened on June 20, 1877^[9] to confer degrees on students graduating from its three founding colleges: St. Boniface College (Roman Catholic/Francophone), St John's College (Anglican), and Manitoba College (Presbyterian). The U of M would grant its first degrees in 1880.^[10]

The University would add a number of colleges to its corporate and associative body since. In 1882, the Manitoba Medical College, founded by physicians and surgeons, became a part of the University. The College's Bacteriological Research Building would be designed by architect Charles Henry Wheeler in 1897,^[11] while the Science Building, between 1899–1900 by architect George Creeford Browne.^[12] Other colleges soon followed:

• Methodist Church's Wesley College (1888)^[13]
• Manitoba College of Pharmacy (1902)
• Manitoba Agriculture College (1906)
• St. Paul's College (1931)
• Brandon College (1938)
• St. Andrew's College (1946)

In 1901, the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba would change the University Act so as to allow the University to do its own teaching. In 1905, a building in downtown Winnipeg became the University's first teaching facility, with a staff of six science professors. The governance would be modeled on the provincial University of Toronto Act (1906), which would establish a bicameral system of university government consisting of a senate (faculty), who are responsible for academic policy, and a board of governors (citizens), who exercise exclusive control over financial policy and have formal authority in all other matters. The president, appointed by the board, was to provide a link between the two bodies and to perform institutional leadership.^[13]

In the early part of the 20th century, professional education expanded beyond the traditional fields of theology, law, and medicine. Graduate training based on the German-inspired American model of specialized course work and the completion of a research thesis was introduced.^[13]

The Manitoba Medical Alumni Association would erect the Medical Corps Memorial, dedicated to the memory of the graduates and students of the University of Manitoba Medical College, who had laid down their lives during the North West Rebellion (1 name); 1900 South African War (1 name); and The Great War [i.e., World War I] (7 names).^[14]

The first school of architecture in western Canada was founded in 1919 at the University of Manitoba.^[15]

By 1920, the University would be the largest university in the Canadian Prairies and the fifth largest in Canada, with 1,654 male and 359 female students, as well as 184 academic staff (including 6 women). It had eight faculties: Arts, Science, Law, Medicine, Engineering, Architecture, Pharmacy, and Agriculture.^[16]

Robson Hall – Faculty of Law

The Faculty of Law was an affiliated college, the Manitoba Law School, which was founded in 1914 by the University and the Law Society of Manitoba. In 1920, the college had 123 students (including 5 women), and 21 academic staff.^[16] The college would become a full part of the university in 1966.^[17]

Originally located on Broadway, the University would move to its permanent site in Fort Garry in 1929, following the addition of more programs, schools, and faculties. The university maintained the Broadway facilities for many years.^[10]

The University would establish an Evening Institute in 1936.

St. Andrew's College, which originally trained the ministry for the Ukrainian Orthodox Church of Canada, became an affiliated college in 1981. The College would be the first Ukrainian-language college opened by the Orthodox Church in North America. Today, it remains a home to a large Ukrainian cultural and religious library.

Responding to population pressure, the policy of university education would be initiated in the 1960s.^[13] As result, in 1967, two of the colleges that had originally been part of the University of Manitoba were given university status of their own by the provincial government: United College, which had been formed by the merging of Wesley College and Manitoba College, would become the University of Winnipeg; and Brandon College would become Brandon University.

St. Boniface College and St. John's College, two of the founding colleges of the University, still remain part of the University of Manitoba. St. Boniface is the University's only French-language college, offering instruction in French, as well as facilities for the training of teachers who expect to teach in the French language. St. John's, which dates back to 1820, offers instruction in Arts and Science and, among other special programs, prepares men and women for the ordained ministry of the Anglican Church.

Legacy

On 28 February 2002, Canada Post issued 'University of Manitoba, 1877–2002' as part of the Canadian Universities series. The stamp was based on a design by Steven Slipp, based on photographs by Mike Grandmaison and on an illustration by Bonnie Ross. The 48¢ stamps are perforated 13.5 and were printed by Ashton-Potter Canada Limited.^[18]

University of Manitoba Administration Building.

U of M Fort Garry Campus

The main Fort Garry campus (66 Chancellors Circle, on the Red River in south Winnipeg) comprises over 60 teaching and research buildings of the University and sits on 274 hectares (680 acres) of land.^[8] Among these buildings, 33 are used for teaching, of which 4 are colleges: St. John's College, St. Paul's College, St. Andrew's College, and University College. The remaining buildings include laboratories, administrative and service offices, and residences, as well as Smartpark, the location of 7 buildings leased to research and development organizations involving university-industry partnerships.

In 2013, the University of Manitoba sponsored an urban planning design competition^[19] to plan an extension to the Fort Garry Campus. The goal is to improve the general campus experience and guide future growth of parking citation revenue by establishing an urban framework for housing, university buildings and the associated public transportation in the area. The winning design submission^[20] was from Janet Rosenberg & Studio Inc. (Toronto) and Cibinel Architects Ltd. (Winnipeg) with Landmark Planning & Design Inc. (Winnipeg) and ARUP Canada Inc. (Toronto).

Other Campuses

The William Norrie Centre on Selkirk Avenue is the campus for social work education for inner-city residents. The University operates agricultural research stations near Glenlea and Carman, Manitoba.^[8] The Ian N. Morrison Research Farm near Carman is a 406 acres (164 ha) facility 70 km (43 mi) from Winnipeg, while the Glenlea facility is approximately 1,000 acres (405 ha) and is 20 km (12 mi) from Winnipeg. ^[21]

Rady Faculty of Health Sciences and UM Bannatyne Campus

U of M's Bannatyne Campus is a complex of ten buildings in central Winnipeg belonging to the university's health sciences branch. Located about 13 kilometers north of the Fort Garry site, this campus is adjoined to the west of Winnipeg's Health Sciences Centre (HSC), between McDermot and William Avenue.

The Bannatyne Campus is home to the Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, the U of M faculty that was established to consolidate the university's health education community into a more unified body.^[22] The Rady Faculty consists of several health sciences departments, including the Max Rady College of Medicine, the Dr. Gerald Niznick College of Dentistry, the College of Rehabilitation Sciences, and the College of Pharmacy, as well as the College of Nursing, although it still remains on the Fort Garry campus.

Departments and Facilities

The Brodie Centre is the main building of the Bannatyne campus, which not only connects the various health education facilities but also the Neil John MacLean Health Sciences Library and the Joe Doupe Fitness Centre.

The College of Pharmacy, originally located at Fort Garry, moved to the Bannatyne campus on October 16, 2008 with the opening of the 95,000 sq ft (8,800 m²) Apotex Centre.^[23] The Faculty of Pharmacy Apotex Centre is detached from the rest of the Bannatyne complex, located right across from the main entrance of the Brodie Centre.^[24]

The Dental Building is the westernmost building of the entire campus, housing the Dr. Gerald Niznick College of Dentistry. The College encompasses the entirety of dental education offered at the U of M, including the School of Dental Hygiene.^[25]

Although the College of Nursing also belongs to the consolidated Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, it remains on the Fort Garry campus until additional facilities can be built at Bannatyne.

The Max Rady College of Medicine

The Max Rady College of Medicine has 27 academic departments found throughout the Bannatyne campus, the Health Sciences Centre, and other Winnipeg health sciences facilities.^[26] Each department is involved in teaching, research, service and clinical activities with an academic staff of approximately 1,630 faculty members.^[26] The college also consists of several centres, institutes, and research groups, often in partnership with other health sciences organizations.^[26]

Research

In 2007–08, the University acquired more than CA$150 million in research income. The University holds 48 Canada Research Chairs and is either home to or a partner in 37 different research centres, institutes, and shared facilities. These centres foster collaborative research and scholarship.

The U of M is the network leader of Intelligent Sensing for Innovative Structures (ISIS) Canada, headquartered at the Faculty of Engineering. ISIS Canada is a National Network of Centres of Excellence (NCE), developing better ways to build, repair, and monitor civil structures. The University is a member of 13 other NCEs. The Centre for Defence and Security Studies at the U of M has a research, teaching, and outreach program designed to advance knowledge, understanding and debate in Canada on defence and security issues.^[28]

Academics

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The university has a total enrollment of approximately 26,000 students in 24 faculties. Most academic units offer graduate studies programs leading to master's or doctoral degrees. The University of Manitoba ranked 14th in Maclean's Medical/Doctoral university category, tied with the University of Saskatchewan.^[29] The Medical/Doctoral category ranks Canadian universities that are research-intensive.^[29]

There are five colleges under the University of Manitoba banner: Université de Saint-Boniface (University of St. Boniface, where courses are taught completely in French), St. John's College, St. Paul's College, St. Andrew's College, and University College. Within these colleges are multiple faculties.

Along with those listed under the Rady Faculty of Health Sciences section above, faculties and programs found at the University of Manitoba include:

• Agricultural and Food Sciences
• Clayton H. Riddell Faculty of Environment, Earth, and Resources
• College of Rehabilitation Sciences
• Division of Extended Education
• Faculty of Architecture
• Faculty of Art (humanities, social sciences)
• Faculty of Education
• Faculty of Engineering
• Faculty of Graduate Studies
• Faculty of Kinesiology & Recreation Management
• Faculty of Science
• Faculty of Social Work
• Faculty of Human Ecology
• I. H. Asper School of Business
• Marcel A. Desautels Faculty of Music
• Robson Hall – Faculty of Law
• School of Agriculture
• School of Art (fine arts)
• University 1 (first-year university program)

Indigenous community

The University of Manitoba provides services to urban and rural Indigenous people. The University's Department of Native Studies is the oldest such unit in Western Canada.^[30] Many of the Indigenous Access programs include summer courses that bring new Indigenous students to campus before the start of the school year for campus orientation sessions. Indigenous Elders are present on campus at the U of M to provide social supports at Migizii Agamik (Bald Eagle Lounge), the Indigenous Centre on campus.^[31] Tutoring services are available within the U of M's Medicine, Engineering,^[32] and Social Work ACCESS Programs. The University connects with First Nations communities to talk to potential students at a much younger age through Curry Biz Camp, which fosters entrepreneurship among young First Nations and Métis students.^[33] On June 2, 2017, Indigenous knowledge and guidance became a formally-recognized part of the Rady Faculty of Health Sciences with the creation of Ongomiizwin, the largest Indigenous education and health unit in Canada in terms of scope and mandate.^[34]

Libraries, Museums, and Archives

The Anthropology Laboratory Museum at the U of M collects, inventories, and displays artifacts including cartographic materials, prints, drawings, and textual records from the Manitoba Region. The Human History collection includes archaeological and ceremonial objects, and weapons. The Natural Sciences artifacts include biological, zooarchaeological, aquatic, Earth Science, Geological and Paleontological Collections.^[35]

The main art gallery on campus is "School of Art Gallery."^[36] Other art galleries include: Arch II, Faculty of Architecture, Dr. Paul H. T. Thorlakson Gallery, Icelandic Collection, Elizabeth Dafoe Library, Gallery of Student Art (GOSA), and University Centre.

The University of Manitoba Libraries include:

• Albert D. Cohen Management Library
• Architecture/Fine Arts Library
• Archives & Special Collections, (incl. Rare Book Room);
• Donald W. Craik Engineering Library
• Eckhardt Gramatté Music Library
• E.K. Williams Law Library
• Elizabeth Dafoe Library
• Faculty of Medicine Archives (incl. the Ross Mitchell Rare Book Room)
• Father Harold Drake Library (St. Paul's College)
• Neil John Maclean Health Sciences Library
• Sciences and Technology Library
• St. John's College Library
• William R. Newman Library
• WRHA Virtual Library

University administration and faculty

University presidents

Since its establishment, the University of Manitoba has had twelve presidents in total, including:^[37]

• James Alexander MacLean^[38][39][40] (1913–1934)
• Sidney Earle Smith (1934–1944)
• Henry Percy Armes (1944–1945, acting)
• Albert William Trueman (1945–1948)
• Albert Henry S. Gillson (1948–1954)
• Hugh Hamilton Saunderson (1954–1970)
• Ernest Sirluck (1970–1976)
• Ralph Campbell (1976–1981)
• Arnold Naimark (1981–1996)
• Emőke J. E. Szathmáry (1996–2008)
• David T. Barnard (2008–2020)
• Michael Benarroch (2020-present)

University chancellors

Andrew Knox Dysart served as Chancellor from 1944 to 1952.

Since its establishment, the University of Manitoba has had fourteen chancellors in total. However, following the first chancellor, between 1904 and 1908, no successor was appointed by the Government.^[41] The Vice-Chancellor is currently also the president, David Barnard.^[42]

• Bp. Robert Machray (1887–1904)
• Rev. Samuel P. Matheson (1908–1934)
• John W. Dafoe (1934–1944)
• Justice Andrew Knox Dysart (1944–1952)
• Dr. Victor Sifton (1952–1959)
• Justice Samuel Freedman (1959–1968)
• Dr. Peter D. Curry (1968–1974)
• Hon. Richard S. Bowles (1974–1977)
• Dr. Isabel G. Auld, CM (1977–1986)
• Dr. Henry E. Duckworth, OC (1986–1992)
• Dr. Arthur Mauro, OC OM (1992–2001)
• Dr. Bill Norrie, CM (2001–2010)
• Harvey Secter, OM (2010–2019)
• Anne Mahon (2019–June 2022)^[42]

Notable instructors (past and present)

• Reg Alcock: former President of the Treasury Board of Prime Minister Paul Martin's Liberal cabinet
• Robert Archambeau: ceramic artist, Governor General's Award winner
• Arthur Henry Reginald Buller FRSC FRS: mycologist
• Patricia Churchland and Paul Churchland, former Professors of Philosophy: known for the school of eliminative materialism
• Jean Friesen, former Deputy Premier and Minister of Intergovernment Affairs of Manitoba Premier Gary Doer's NDP cabinet
• Aniruddha M. Gole: IEEE Fellow
• Frank Hawthorne FRSC, Professor of Mineral Sciences
• Larry Hurtado, Professor of Early Christianity and New Testament Languages (1975-1996): founding director of the Institute of the Humanities (1990-1992)
• Guy Maddin, former professor: film director
• Nathan Mendelsohn, Professor of Mathematics
• H. Clare Pentland, Professor of Economics
• Zalman Schachter-Shalomi: pioneer of the Jewish Renewal Movement
• Arthur Schafer: prominent ethicist, director of the Centre for Professional and Applied Ethics
• Carol Shields: Pulitzer Prize-winning author
• Vaclav Smil: energy systems scientist and policy analyst
• Peter St John, 9th Earl of Orkney, former Professor of Political Studies, now a senior scholar
• Fernando de Toro, professor and dean
• H. C. Wolfart, Professor of Linguistics

Human Resources

The academic staff are represented by two unions. The professors are represented by the University of Manitoba Faculty Association,^[43] while sessional instructors and teaching assistants are represented by the CUPE Local 3909,^[44][45] and professors at the Faculty of Dentistry are represented by the University of Manitoba Dental Clinical Staff Association.^[46]

The support staff are divided among many unions. The support staff and the campus security are represented by the AESES,^[47] though the support staff at the Faculty of the Engineering are represented by CUPE Local 1482.^[48] All outside workers are represented by the CAW Local 3007.^[49]

Alumni and student life

The University has approximately 27,000 students—24,000 undergraduate and 3,000 graduate. It offers over ninety degrees, including more than sixty at the undergraduate level. Most academic units offer graduate studies programs leading to master's or doctoral degrees. The school song is known as Brown and Gold and was written by W. J. MacDonald with lyrics written by Charles McCullough in 1939.^[50]

Notable Alumni

Student Groups and Representation

The students at the university are members of the University of Manitoba Students' Union (UMSU). UMSU represents students at the Board of Governors and Senate, as well as providing programs and support to students. The University of Manitoba Graduate Students' Association (UMGSA) also represents over 3,000 graduate students at the University of Manitoba. The UMGSA is guided by its vision, goals and governing documents, all of which focus on promoting and providing graduate student advocacy, offering services and support to students, as well as developing and encouraging involvement in the graduate student community.

The National Panhellenic Conference sororities on campus are Alpha Delta Pi, Alpha Gamma Delta, and Alpha Phi.^[51] Fraternities on campus include Delta Upsilon, Delta Kappa Epsilon, and Phi Delta Theta.^[52] Fraternity Rush and Sorority Recruitment occur during the first weeks of school in September.

Students can participate in the University of Manitoba Orchestra.^[53]

Athletics and recreation

The university is represented in U Sports by the Manitoba Bisons.^[54] Athletic facilities on campus include the Max Bell Centre, the Investor's Group Athletic Centre, and IG Field, which opened in 2013 to replace University Stadium.

The University of Manitoba offers recreational programs year-round, including a swimming program, adult classes and summer programs for children. The university's Frank Kennedy Centre, Max Bell Centre, and Investor's Group Athletic Centre contain indoor tracks, a swimming pool, work-out facilities, and an international ice hockey rink, as well as basketball, volleyball, squash and racquetball courts. Frank Kennedy Centre also hosts dance, combat and gymnastics rooms, and indoor tennis courts.

See also

• Asper School of Business
• University of Manitoba Students' Union
• Faculty of Medicine – University of Manitoba
• Robert B. Ferguson Museum of Mineralogy
• List of agricultural universities and colleges
• List of universities in Manitoba
• Higher education in Manitoba
• Education in Canada

References

• "Notes & Numbers". Public Affairs, University of Manitoba. Archived from the original on 2009-06-05. https://web.archive.org/web/20090605000606/http://umanitoba.ca/about/numbers_notes/. 

Further reading

History of the University

• Bumsted, John M. 2001. The University of Manitoba: An Illustrated History. Winnipeg: University of Manitoba Press.
• Frazer, W. J. 1966. "A History of St. John's College, Winnipeg." M.A. thesis, University of Manitoba.
• Kinnear, Mary. 1992. "Disappointment in discourse: Women university professors at the University of Manitoba before 1970." Historical Studies in Education 4(2).
• Régnier, P.R. 1964. "A History of St. Boniface College." M.A. thesis, University of Manitoba.
• Hippocrates on the Red: the History of the Manitoba Medical School

External links

• University of Manitoba Athletics website

[ ⚑ ] 49°48′34″N 97°07′58″W / 49.80944°N 97.13278°W / 49.80944; -97.13278

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