List of historical capitals of Hungary

Esztergom

Székesfehérvár

Buda/Budapest

Temesvár

Visegrád

Bécs

Pozsony

Lippa

Debrecen

Outside of the area on map:
Gyulafehérvár

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Location of historical capitals of Hungary

The European country of Hungary has had more than one capital city in its history. These were:

Middle Ages

• Esztergom from 1000 to 1256^[1][2] (it was also one of the centres of the Principality of Hungary probably from the reigns of Grand Prince Taksony or Géza)
• Székesfehérvár, it often changed the capital title with Esztergom (one of the centres of the Principality of Hungary until Stephen's crowing. After royal seats, crowing, burials, and Hungarian Diets take place in from 1000 to 1543)
• Buda, from 1256^[3] to 1315,^[4] from 1408 to 1485 and from 1490 to 1536 (1541)^{[Note 1]}
• Temesvár (present-day Timișoara), 1315–1323^[4]
• Visegrád, from 1323 to 1408^[4]
• Vienna, from 1485^[5] to 1490, Matthias Corvinus occupied Lower Austria and put his seat to Bécs (Vienna)

Modern era

Hungarian Parliament Building, Budapest

• Pressburg/Pozsony (present-day Bratislava) from 1536^[6] to 1784 (because of the Ottoman occupation)
• Lippa (present-day Lipova), from 1541 to 1542, capital of the Eastern Hungarian Kingdom for a short time^[7][8]
• Gyulafehérvár (present-day Alba Iulia), from 1542 to 1570, royal residence and the capital of the Eastern Hungarian Kingdom (it was also the centre of the latter Principality of Transylvania)
• Buda from 1784 to 1873^[9]
• Debrecen twice, in 1849 and in 1944^[10] (during the Hungarian revolution of 1848, end of the World War II)
• Budapest (including Buda) 1873^[11]–present

Capitals of Pannonia province

Note that the Roman provinces on the territory of today´s Hungary, notably Pannonia, had other capitals. Capitals of Roman (Lower) Pannonia, located in the territory of present-day Hungary, were: Aquincum (today Óbuda), Savaria (today Szombathely) and Sopianae (today Pécs).

Notes

References

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