Short description: Overview of and topical guide to Guam
The Flag of Guam
The Seal of Guam
thumb|250px|The location of Guam
Guam
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Guam:
Guam – organized, unincorporated territory of the United States of America that comprises the island of Guam in the western North Pacific Ocean.[1] It is one of five U.S. territories with an established civilian government.[2] The island's capital is Hagåtña (formerly Agana). Guam is the largest and southernmost of the Mariana Islands. The Chamorros, Guam's indigenous inhabitants, first populated the island approximately 4,000 years ago.[citation needed] Discovered by the Spanish expedition of Ferdinand Magellan in 1521, the island has a long history of European colonialism beginning in the 16th century, and especially in 1668 with the arrival of Spanish settlers including Padre San Vitores, a Catholic missionary. Guam and the rest of the Mariana Islands were integrated in the Spanish East Indies since 1565. The island was a major stopover for Manila Galleons sailing from Acapulco, until 1815. Guam was taken over from Spain by the United States during the Spanish–American War in 1898. As the largest island in Micronesia and the only American-held island in the region before World War II, Guam was occupied by the Japan ese between December 1941 and July 1944. Today, Guam's economy is mainly supported by tourism (primarily from Japan ) and U.S. military bases.[3]
On March 6, 1521, three Spanish ships under the command of Fernão de Magalhães (Ferdinand Magellan) land on the Island of Guam after a seemingly endless eleven week voyage across the Pacific Ocean. Magalhães names the archipelago Las Isles de las Velas Latinas (The Islands of the Latine Sails). When the Spaniards refuse to pay for supplies, natives take iron from the ships. Magalhães renames the archipelago Las Islas de los Ladrones (The Islands of the Thieves).
Spanish East Indies, 1565–(1668–1898)–1899
Diego Luis de San Vitores leads the colonization of Guam, renaming the Chamorro archipelago Islas Marianas in honor of his patroness, Queen Mariana of Austria
The Spanish-Chamorro Wars (1670-1683 on Guam) pacifies CHamoru resistance and solidifies Spanish control
Guam becomes a major stopover for Spanish galleons en route to Manila, from Acapulco. A number of coastal forts are built to protect these ships, including Fort Soledad and Fort San Jose in Umatac.