List of Metropolitans and Patriarchs of Moscow

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Monogram of the current Patriarch of Moscow and all Rus', Kirill.
Church of the Twelve Apostles, Cathedral Square, Moscow Kremlin – cathedral church of the Patriarchs of Moscow.

This article lists the Metropolitans and Patriarchs of Moscow, spiritual heads of the Russian Orthodox Church, since 1308.

History

The history of the Russian Orthodox Church begins with the Christianization of Kievan Rus' at Kiev, the date of which is commonly given as 988; however, the evidence surrounding this event is contested. In 1316 the Metropolitan of Kiev changed his see to the city of Vladimir, and in 1322 moved again to Moscow. In 1589, the see was elevated to a Patriarchate. The Patriarchate was abolished by the Church reform of Peter the Great in 1721 and replaced by the Most Holy Governing Synod, and the Bishop of Moscow came to be called a Metropolitan again. The Patriarchate was restored in 1917 and suspended by the Soviet government in 1925. It was reintroduced for the last time in 1943, during World War II by the initiative of Soviet leader Joseph Stalin .

Metropolitans of Kiev and all Rus (permanent residence in Moscow, 1325–1461)

No. Primate Portrait Reign Notes
1 St. Peter Mitropolit petr of Moscow.jpg 1308–1326
Seat vacant 1326–1328
2 St. Theognostus No image.png 1328–1353
3 St. Alexius Dionisius 002.jpg 1354–1378
Mikhail (Mityay) No image.png 1378–1379 Locum tenens
Seat vacant 1379–1381
4 St. Cyprian No image.png 1381–1382 First tenure
5 Pimen No image.png 1382–1384
6 St. Dionysius I Dionisiy.jpg 1384–1385
Seat vacant 1385–1390
St. Cyprian No image.png 1390–1406 Second tenure
Seat vacant 1406–1408
7 St. Photius No image.png 1408–1431
Seat vacant 1431–1433
8 Gerasim (ru) No image.png 1433–1435
9 Isidore Isidore of Kiev.jpg 1436–1441
Seat vacant 1441–1448
10 St. Jonah Jonah Metropolitan.jpg 1448–1461

Metropolitans of Moscow and all Russia (1461–1589)

No. Primate Portrait Reign Notes
1 Theodosius No image.png 1461–1464
2 Philip I No image.png 1464–1473
3 Gerontius No image.png 1473–1489
4 Zosimus No image.png 1490–1494
5 Simon No image.png 1495–1511
6 Varlaam No image.png 1511–1521
7 Daniel No image.png 1522–1539
8 Joasaphus No image.png 1539–1542
9 St. Macarius Metropolitan Macarius.jpg 1542–1563
10 Athanasius No image.png 1564–1566
11 St. Herman No image.png 1566
12 St. Philip II Filipp, mitropolitt of Moscow.jpg 1566–1568
13 Cyril III (IV) No image.png 1568–1572
14 Anthony No image.png 1572–1581
15 Dionysius II No image.png 1581–1587
16 St. Job Patriarch Job of Moscow.jpg 1587–1589 Elevated to Patriarch

Patriarchs of Moscow and all Russia (1589–1721)

No. Primate Portrait Reign Notes
1 St. Job Patriarch Job of Moscow.jpg 1589–1605
Ignatius Патриарх Игнатий.jpg 1605–1606
2 St. Hermogenes Patriarch Germogen (tsarskiy titulyarnik) 2.jpg 1606–1612
Seat vacant 1612–1619
3 Philaret Philaret.jpg 1619–1633
4 Joasaphus I Joasaphus I from Tsarsky titulyarnik.jpg 1634–1640
Seat vacant 1640–1642
5 Joseph Patriarch Iosif.jpg 1642–1652
6 Nikon Portrait of Patriarx Nikon.jpg 1652–1658
Pitirim Pitirim.jpg 1658–1667 First tenure; locum tenens
7 Joasaphus II Joasaphus II from Tsarsky titulyarnik.jpg 1667–1672
8 Pitirim Pitirim.jpg 1672–1673 Second tenure
9 Joachim Icon 02044 Patriarh Ioakim Moskovskij 1620-1690. Neizv. hud. XVII v. Rossiya.jpg 1674–1690
10 Adrian Patriarkh Adrian.jpg 1690–1700
Stefan Stephen Yavorsky.jpg 1700–1721 Locum tenens

Metropolitans and archbishops of Moscow (1721–1917)

No. Primate Portrait Reign Notes
1 Stefan Stephen Yavorsky.jpg 1721–1722
2 Theophan Feofan Prokopovich.jpg 1722–1736
Seat vacant 1736–1742
3 Joseph No image.png 1742–1745 [1]
4 Plato I No image.png 1745–1754 [2]
Hilarion No image.png 1754–1757 Coadjutor
5 Timothy Тимофей (Щербацкий).jpg 1757–1767
6 Ambrosius Ambrosius of Moscow.jpg 1768–1771
Samoel Самуил (Миславский).jpg 1771–1775 Coadjutor
7 Plato II Plato II.jpg 1775–1812
8 Avgustin Августин (Виноградский).jpg 1812–1819
9 Seraphim Серафим (Глаголевский).jpg 1819–1821
10 St. Philaret Filaret, Metropolitan of Moscow.jpg 1821–1867
11 St. Innocent St Innocent of Alaska.JPG 1868–1879
12 Macarius I Mitropolitan Macarius (Bulgakov).jpg 1879–1882
13 Joannicius Иоанникий (Руднев).jpg 1882–1891
14 Leontius Леонтий (Лебединский).jpg 1891–1893
15 Sergius I Сергий (Ляпидевский).jpg 1893–1898
16 St. Vladimir Владимир (Богоявленский).jpg 1898–1912
17 St. Macarius II Metropolitan of Moscow Makariy Nevskiy.jpg 1912–1917

Patriarchs of Moscow and all Russia (restored, 1917–present)

No. Primate Portrait Election Reign Notes
11 St. Tikhon Tikhon of Moscow.jpg 1917–18 4 December 1917 7 April 1925
Seat vacant 1925–1943
  • Metropolitan Peter of Krutitsy, locum tenens (1925–1936), de facto only until 1926
  • Metropolitan Sergius of Nizhny Novgorod, Acting locum tenens (1926–1936)
  • Metropolitan Sergius of Moscow and Kolomna (previously of Nizhny Novgorod), locum tenens (1936–1943)
12 Sergius I Mitr sergiy.jpg 1943 12 September 1943 15 May 1944
13 Alexy I BASA-1735K-1-410-2-Патриарх Алексей Симанский.jpg 1945 4 February 1945 17 April 1970
14 Pimen I Patriarch Pimen.JPG 1971 3 June 1971 3 May 1990
15 Alexy II Blessed Patriarch Alexy II of Moscow.jpg 1990 10 June 1990 5 December 2008
16 Kirill I Patriarch Kirill of Moscow.jpg 2009 1 February 2009 Incumbent

See also





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