Central Tibetan language
Topic: Social
From HandWiki - Reading time: 3 min
| Central Tibetan | |
|---|---|
| Ü-Tsang | |
| དབུས་སྐད་, Dbus skad / Ükä དབུས་གཙང་སྐད་, Dbus-gtsang skad / Ü-tsang kä | |
| Pronunciation | [wýkɛʔ, wýʔtsáŋ kɛʔ] |
| Native to | India, Nepal, China (Tibet Autonomous Region) |
Native speakers | (1.2 million cited 1990 census)[1] |
Sino-Tibetan
| |
Standard forms | |
| Tibetan script | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | Variously:bod – Lhasa Tibetandre – Dolpohut – Humla, Limilhm – Lhomi (Shing Saapa)muk – Mugom (Mugu)kte – Nubriola – Walungge (Gola)loy – Lowa/Loke (Mustang)tcn – Tichurong |
| Glottolog | tibe1272 Tibetan[2]sout3216 South-Western Tibetic (partial match)[3]basu1243 Basum[4] |
Central Tibetan, also known as Dbus, Ü or Ü-Tsang, is the most widely spoken Tibetic language and the basis of Standard Tibetan.
Dbus and Ü are forms of the same name. Dbus is a transliteration of the name in Tibetan script, དབུས་, whereas Ü is the pronunciation of the same in Lhasa dialect, [wy˧˥˧ʔ] (or [y˧˥˧ʔ]). That is, in Tibetan, the name is spelled Dbus and pronounced Ü. All of these names are frequently applied specifically to the prestige dialect of Lhasa.
There are many mutually intelligible Central Tibetan dialects besides that of Lhasa, with particular diversity along the border and in Nepal:[5]
- Limi (Limirong), Mugum, Dolpo (Dolkha), Mustang (Lowa, Lokä), Humla, Nubri, Lhomi, Dhrogpai Gola, Walungchung Gola (Walungge/Halungge), Tseku, Basum
Ethnologue reports that Walungge is highly intelligible with Thudam, Glottolog that Thudam is not a distinct variety. Tournadre (2013) classifies Tseku with Khams.
See also
- Amdo Tibetan
- Ladakhi language
- Balti language
- Ü-Tsang
References
- ↑ Lhasa Tibetan at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
Dolpo at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
Humla, Limi at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
Lhomi (Shing Saapa) at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
Mugom (Mugu) at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
Nubri at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) - ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds (2017). "Tibetan". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History. http://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/tibe1272.
- ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds (2017). "South-Western Tibetic". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History. http://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/sout3216.
- ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds (2017). "Basum". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History. http://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/basu1243.
- ↑ N. Tournadre (2005) "L'aire linguistique tibétaine et ses divers dialectes." Lalies, 2005, n°25, p. 7–56 [1]
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