Declarations of war during World War I

A declaration of war is a formal act by which one nation goes to war against another. A declaration is usually an act of delivering a performative speech (not to be confused with a mere speech) or the presentation of a signed document by an authorized party of a national government in order to create a state of war between two or more sovereign states. In the context of World War I, the official international protocol for declaring war was defined in the Hague Convention of 1907 (or Hague II).^[1] For the diplomatic maneuvering behind these events, which led to hostilities between nations, see Diplomatic history of World War I.

List of war declarations

Below is a table showing the outbreaks of wars between nations which occurred during World War I. Indicated are the dates (during the immediate build-up to, or during the course of, World War I) from which a de facto state of war existed between nations. The table shows both the initiator states and the state at which the declaration of war was aimed. Events listed include those in which there were a simple diplomatic breaking of relations that did not involve any physical attack, as well as those involving overt declarations or acts of aggression.

Date[2][3][4]	Initiator states	Targeted states
July 28, 1914	Austria-Hungary	Serbia
August 1, 1914	Germany	Russia
August 3, 1914		Belgium
		France
August 4, 1914	British Empire	Germany
August 5, 1914	Montenegro	Austria-Hungary
August 6, 1914	Austria-Hungary	Russia
	Serbia	Germany
August 8, 1914	Montenegro
August 12, 1914	British Empire	Austria-Hungary
	France
August 23, 1914	Japan	Germany
August 25, 1914		Austria-Hungary
August 28, 1914	Austria-Hungary	Belgium
November 1, 1914	Russia	Ottoman Empire
November 5, 1914	France
	British Empire
November 11, 1914	Ottoman Empire	Russia
		Japan
		British Empire
December 2, 1914	Serbia	Ottoman Empire
December 3, 1914	Montenegro
December 5, 1914	Japan
May 23, 1915	Italy	Austria-Hungary
August 21, 1915		Ottoman Empire
August 28, 1916		Germany
October 14, 1915	Bulgaria	Serbia
October 15, 1915	British Empire	Bulgaria
	Montenegro
October 16, 1915	Japan
	France
October 19, 1915	Italy
	Russia
March 9, 1916	Germany	Portugal
March 15, 1916	Austria-Hungary
August 28, 1916	Romania	Austria-Hungary
	Germany	Romania
August 30, 1916	Ottoman Empire
September 1, 1916	Bulgaria
April 6, 1917	United States	Germany
April 7, 1917	Panama
	Cuba
June 27, 1917	Greece	Austria-Hungary
		Germany
		Bulgaria
		Ottoman Empire
July 22, 1917	Siam	Austria-Hungary
July 22, 1917		Germany
August 4, 1917	Liberia
August 14, 1917	China	Austria-Hungary
August 14, 1917		Germany
October 26, 1917	Brazil
December 7, 1917	United States	Austria-Hungary
December 10, 1917	Panama
April 23, 1918	Guatemala	Germany
May 6, 1918	Nicaragua	Austria-Hungary
May 6, 1918		Germany
May 23, 1918	Costa Rica
July 12, 1918	Haiti
July 19, 1918	Honduras

See also

• United Kingdom declaration of war upon Germany (1914)
• United States declaration of war on Germany (1917)
• United States declaration of war on Austria-Hungary

References

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