Federated state

A federated state (also state, province, region, canton, land, governorate, oblast, emirate, or country) is a territorial and constitutional community forming part of a federation.^[1] A federated state does not have international sovereignty since powers are divided between the other federated states and the federal government. Unlike international sovereign states, which have what is often referred to as Westphalian sovereignty (such as exercised by their federal government), federated states operate under their domestic or federal law with relation to the rest of the world.

Federated states do not have automatic standing as entities of international law. Instead, the federal union (federation) as a single entity is the sovereign state for purposes of international law.^[2] Depending on the constitutional structure of a particular federation, a federated state can hold various degrees of legislative, judicial, and administrative jurisdiction over a defined geographic territory and is a form of regional government. A federated state may nonetheless establish offices internationally, for example, to promote trade or tourism, while still operating only within the trade policy or other applicable law of their federation, and their host country. They also may enter into international regional agreements under the laws of their federation and state, such as to protect a cross-border resource like water or other shared matters.

In some cases, a federation is created from the union of political entities that are either independent or dependent territories of another sovereign entity (most commonly a colonial power).^{[upper-alpha 1]} In other cases, federated states have been created out of the administrative divisions of previously unitary states.^{[upper-alpha 2]} Once a federal constitution is formed, the rules governing the relationship between federal and regional powers become part of the country's constitutional law and not international law.

In countries with federal constitutions, there is a division of power between the central government and the component states. These entities – states, provinces, counties, cantons, Länder, etc. – are partially self-governing and are afforded a degree of constitutionally guaranteed autonomy that varies substantially from one federation to another.^{[upper-alpha 3]} Depending on the form the decentralization of powers takes, a federated state's legislative powers may or may not be overruled or vetoed by the federal government. Laws governing the relationship between federal and regional powers can be amended through the national or federal constitution, and, if they exist, state constitutions as well.

In terms of internal politics, federated states can have republican or monarchical forms of government. Those of republican form (federated republics) are usually called states (like states of the US) or republics (like republics in the former USSR).

The federated units in the table below have inherent governmental authority in the federation's constitutional system, while the "other units" are delegated authority by the federal government or are administered directly by it. ^{[citation needed]}

Federation	Federated units	Other units
23 provinces: Template:Country data Buenos Aires Province Template:Country data Catamarca Template:Country data Chaco Template:Country data Chubut Template:Country data Córdoba Template:Country data Corrientes Template:Country data Entre Ríos Template:Country data Formosa Template:Country data Jujuy Template:Country data La Pampa Template:Country data La Rioja (Argentina) Template:Country data Mendoza Template:Country data Misiones Template:Country data Neuquén Template:Country data Río Negro (Argentina) Template:Country data Salta Template:Country data San Juan Template:Country data San Luis Template:Country data Santa Cruz Template:Country data Santa Fe Template:Country data Santiago del Estero Template:Country data Tierra del Fuego Template:Country data Tucumán	1 autonomous city: Template:Country data Buenos Aires[upper-alpha 4]
Australia[3]	6 states:  New South Wales  Queensland  South Australia Template:Country data Tasmania  Victoria  Western Australia	3 internal territories: Template:Country data Australian Capital Territory[upper-alpha 4] Jervis Bay Territory Template:Country data Northern Territory
		7 external territories: Ashmore and Cartier Islands Australian Antarctic Territory  Christmas Island Template:Country data Cocos (Keeling) Islands Coral Sea Islands Territory Heard Island and McDonald Islands  Norfolk Island
Austria[4]	9 states: Template:Country data Vienna[upper-alpha 4] Template:Country data Lower Austria Template:Country data Upper Austria Template:Country data Styria Template:Country data Tyrol Template:Country data Carinthia Template:Country data Salzburg Template:Country data Vorarlberg Template:Country data Burgenland
Belgium[5]	3 regions:[upper-alpha 5] Template:Country data Flemish Region  Wallonia Template:Country data Brussels-Capital Region[upper-alpha 4]
	3 communities:[upper-alpha 6] Template:Country data Flemish Community Template:Country data French Community Template:Country data German-speaking Community
Bosnia and Herzegovina	2 entities:[upper-alpha 7]  Republika Srpska Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina	1 self-governing district: Brčko (officially condominium of both constituents)
	The Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina is itself a federation of 10 cantons: Una-Sana Posavina Tuzla Zenica-Doboj Bosnian Podrinje Central Bosnia Herzegovina-Neretva West Herzegovina Sarajevo[upper-alpha 4] Canton 10[6]
Brazil[7]	26 states: Template:Country data Acre Template:Country data Alagoas Template:Country data Amapá Template:Country data Amazonas Template:Country data Bahia Template:Country data Ceará Template:Country data Espírito Santo Template:Country data Goiás Template:Country data Maranhão Template:Country data Mato Grosso Template:Country data Mato Grosso do Sul Template:Country data Minas Gerais Template:Country data Pará Template:Country data Paraíba Template:Country data Paraná Template:Country data Pernambuco Template:Country data Piauí Template:Country data Rio de Janeiro Template:Country data Rio Grande do Norte Template:Country data Rio Grande do Sul Template:Country data Rondônia Template:Country data Roraima Template:Country data Santa Catarina Template:Country data São Paulo Template:Country data Sergipe Template:Country data Tocantins
	1 federal district: Template:Country data Brazilian Federal District[upper-alpha 4][upper-alpha 8]
Canada[8]	10 provinces:  Alberta  British Columbia  Manitoba  New Brunswick  Newfoundland and Labrador  Nova Scotia  Ontario  Prince Edward Island  Quebec  Saskatchewan	3 territories:  Northwest Territories  Nunavut  Yukon
Ethiopia[9]	12 regions: Afar Amhara Benishangul-Gumuz Template:Country data Central Ethiopia Regional State Central Ethiopia Gambela Harari Oromia Sidama Somali Template:Country data South Ethiopia Regional State South Ethiopia Southwest Tigray	2 chartered cities: Addis Ababa[upper-alpha 4] Dire Dawa
Germany[10]	16 states: Template:Country data Baden-Württemberg Template:Country data Bavaria Template:Country data Berlin[upper-alpha 4] Template:Country data Brandenburg Template:Country data Bremen Template:Country data Hamburg Template:Country data Hesse Template:Country data Lower Saxony Template:Country data Mecklenburg-Vorpommern Template:Country data North Rhine-Westphalia Template:Country data Rhineland-Palatinate Template:Country data Saarland Template:Country data Saxony Template:Country data Saxony-Anhalt Template:Country data Schleswig-Holstein Template:Country data Thuringia
India[11]	28 states: Andhra Pradesh Arunachal Pradesh Assam Bihar Chhattisgarh Goa Gujarat Haryana Himachal Pradesh Jharkhand Karnataka Kerala Madhya Pradesh Maharashtra Manipur Meghalaya Mizoram Nagaland Odisha Punjab Rajasthan Sikkim Tamil Nadu Telangana Tripura Uttar Pradesh Uttarakhand West Bengal	8 union territories: Andaman and Nicobar Islands Chandigarh Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu National Capital Territory of Delhi[upper-alpha 4] Jammu and Kashmir[upper-alpha 9] Ladakh[upper-alpha 9] Lakshadweep Puducherry
Iraq[12]	19 governorates: Al Anbar Erbil Babylon Baghdad[upper-alpha 4] Basra Dhi Qar Diyala Dohuk Halabja Karbala Kirkuk Maysan Muthanna Najaf Nineveh Al-Qādisiyyah Saladin Sulaymaniyah Wasit	1 federal region:  Kurdistan Region[upper-alpha 10] (overlaps the area of Duhok, Erbil, and Sulaymaniyah—including Halabja—governorates)
Malaysia[13]	13 states: Template:Country data Johor Template:Country data Kedah Template:Country data Kelantan Template:Country data Malacca Template:Country data Negeri Sembilan Template:Country data Pahang Template:Country data Penang Template:Country data Perak Template:Country data Perlis Template:Country data Sabah Template:Country data Sarawak Template:Country data Selangor Template:Country data Terengganu	3 federal territories: Template:Country data Putrajaya Template:Country data Kuala Lumpur[upper-alpha 4] Template:Country data Labuan
Mexico[14]	31 states: Template:Country data Aguascalientes Template:Country data Baja California Template:Country data Baja California Sur Template:Country data Campeche Template:Country data Chiapas Template:Country data Chihuahua Template:Country data Coahuila Template:Country data Colima Template:Country data Durango Template:Country data Guanajuato Template:Country data Guerrero Template:Country data Hidalgo Template:Country data Jalisco Template:Country data State of Mexico Template:Country data Michoacán Template:Country data Morelos Template:Country data Nayarit Template:Country data Nuevo León Template:Country data Oaxaca Template:Country data Puebla Template:Country data Querétaro Template:Country data Quintana Roo Template:Country data San Luis Potosí Template:Country data Sinaloa Template:Country data Sonora Template:Country data Tabasco Template:Country data Tamaulipas Template:Country data Tlaxcala Template:Country data Veracruz Template:Country data Yucatán Template:Country data Zacatecas
	1 autonomous city: Template:Country data Mexican Federal District[upper-alpha 4]
Micronesia[15]	4 states: Template:Country data Chuuk Template:Country data Kosrae Template:Country data Pohnpei Template:Country data Yap
Nepal	7 provinces: Bagmati Gandaki Karnali Koshi Lumbini Madhesh Sudurpashchim
Nigeria[16]	36 states: Abia Adamawa Akwa Ibom Anambra Bauchi Bayelsa Benue Borno Cross River Delta Ebonyi Edo Ekiti Enugu Gombe Imo File:Jigawa State Flag.png Jigawa Kaduna Kano Katsina Kebbi Kogi Kwara Lagos Nasarawa Niger Ogun Ondo Osun Oyo Plateau Rivers Sokoto Taraba Yobe Zamfara	1 territory: Federal Capital Territory[upper-alpha 4]
Pakistan[17]	4 provinces: Template:Country data Balochistan Template:Country data Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Template:Country data Punjab Template:Country data Sindh	2 autonomous territories:[upper-alpha 7]  Azad Jammu and Kashmir[upper-alpha 9] Template:Country data Gilgit-Baltistan[upper-alpha 9]
		1 federal territory: Template:Country data Islamabad[upper-alpha 4]
Russia[18][19]	48 oblasts: Template:Country data Amur Oblast Template:Country data Arkhangelsk Oblast Template:Country data Astrakhan Oblast Template:Country data Belgorod Oblast Template:Country data Bryansk Oblast Template:Country data Chelyabinsk Oblast Template:Country data Irkutsk Oblast Template:Country data Ivanovo Oblast Template:Country data Kaliningrad Oblast Template:Country data Kaluga Oblast Template:Country data Kemerovo Oblast Template:Country data Kirov Oblast Template:Country data Kherson Oblast (Russia)[upper-alpha 11] Template:Country data Kostroma Oblast Template:Country data Kurgan Oblast Template:Country data Kursk Oblast Template:Country data Leningrad Oblast Template:Country data Lipetsk Oblast Template:Country data Magadan Oblast Template:Country data Moscow Oblast Template:Country data Murmansk Oblast Template:Country data Nizhny Novgorod Oblast Template:Country data Novgorod Oblast Template:Country data Novosibirsk Oblast Template:Country data Omsk Oblast Template:Country data Orenburg Oblast Template:Country data Oryol Oblast Template:Country data Penza Oblast Template:Country data Pskov Oblast Template:Country data Rostov Oblast Template:Country data Ryazan Oblast  Sakhalin Template:Country data Samara Oblast Template:Country data Saratov Oblast Template:Country data Smolensk Oblast Template:Country data Sverdlovsk Oblast Template:Country data Tambov Oblast Template:Country data Tomsk Oblast Template:Country data Tver Oblast Template:Country data Tula Oblast Template:Country data Tyumen Oblast Template:Country data Ulyanovsk Oblast Template:Country data Vladimir Oblast Template:Country data Volgograd Oblast Template:Country data Vologda Oblast Template:Country data Voronezh Oblast Template:Country data Yaroslavl Oblast Template:Country data Zaporizhzhia Oblast (Russia)[upper-alpha 11]
	24 republics:[upper-alpha 7]  Adygea  Altai Republic  Bashkortostan  Buryatia  Chechnya  Chuvashia Template:Country data Republic of Crimea[upper-alpha 11]  Dagestan  Donetsk[upper-alpha 11]  Ingushetia  Kabardino-Balkaria  Kalmykia  Karachay-Cherkessia  Karelia  Khakassia Template:Country data Komi  Luhansk[upper-alpha 11]  Mari El  Mordovia  North Ossetia-Alania  Sakha  Tatarstan  Tuva  Udmurtia
	9 krais: Template:Country data Altai Krai Template:Country data Kamchatka Krai Template:Country data Khabarovsk Krai  Krasnodar Template:Country data Krasnoyarsk Krai Template:Country data Perm Krai Template:Country data Primorsky Krai  Stavropol Template:Country data Zabaykalsky Krai
	4 autonomous okrugs:[upper-alpha 7] Template:Country data Chukotka Autonomous Okrug Template:Country data Khanty–Mansi Autonomous Okrug Template:Country data Nenets Autonomous Okrug Template:Country data Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug
	3 federal cities: Template:Country data Moscow[upper-alpha 4] Template:Country data Saint Petersburg Template:Country data Sevastopol[upper-alpha 11]
	1 autonomous oblast:[upper-alpha 7] Template:Country data Jewish Autonomous Oblast
Saint Kitts and Nevis	1 autonomous island: Template:Country data Nevis	Saint Kitts: Saint Kitts
Somalia[20][21]	6 federal member states:[upper-alpha 12] Template:Country data Galmudug Hirshabelle  Jubaland Khatumo  Puntland South West[upper-alpha 7]
South Sudan	10 states:[22] Central Equatoria Eastern Equatoria Jonglei Lakes Northern Bahr el Ghazal Unity Upper Nile Warrap Western Bahr el Ghazal Western Equatoria	3 administrative areas:[22] Abyei[upper-alpha 9] Greater Pibor Ruweng
Sudan[23]	18 states: Blue Nile Central Darfur East Darfur Gezira Kassala Khartoum[upper-alpha 4] North Darfur North Kordofan Northern Al Qadarif Red Sea Sennar South Darfur South Kordofan River Nile West Darfur West Kordofan White Nile	1 special administrative status area:[24] Abyei[upper-alpha 9]
Switzerland[25]	26 cantons: Template:Country data Aargau Template:Country data Appenzell Ausserrhoden Template:Country data Appenzell Innerrhoden Template:Country data Basel-Landschaft Template:Country data Basel-Stadt Template:Country data Bern Template:Country data Fribourg Template:Country data Geneva Template:Country data Glarus Template:Country data Grisons Template:Country data Jura Template:Country data Lucerne Template:Country data Neuchâtel Template:Country data Nidwalden Template:Country data Obwalden Template:Country data Schaffhausen Template:Country data Schwyz Template:Country data Solothurn Template:Country data St. Gallen Template:Country data Thurgau Template:Country data Ticino Template:Country data Uri Template:Country data Valais Template:Country data Vaud Template:Country data Zug Template:Country data Zürich
United Arab Emirates[26]	7 emirates:  Abu Dhabi Template:Country data Ajman  Dubai Fujairah  Ras Al Khaimah Template:Country data Sharjah Template:Country data Umm al-Quwain
United States[27]	50 states:  Alabama  Alaska  Arizona  Arkansas  California  Colorado  Connecticut  Delaware  Florida  Georgia  Hawaii  Idaho  Illinois  Indiana  Iowa  Kansas  Kentucky  Louisiana  Maine  Maryland  Massachusetts  Michigan  Minnesota  Mississippi  Missouri  Montana  Nebraska  Nevada  New Hampshire  New Jersey  New Mexico  New York  North Carolina  North Dakota  Ohio  Oklahoma  Oregon  Pennsylvania  Rhode Island  South Carolina  South Dakota  Tennessee  Texas  Utah  Vermont  Virginia  Washington  West Virginia  Wisconsin  Wyoming	1 federal district:  District of Columbia[upper-alpha 4]
		1 incorporated territory:   Palmyra Atoll
		13 unincorporated territories:  American Samoa  Guam  Northern Mariana Islands  Puerto Rico  U.S. Virgin Islands Minor outlying islands: Baker Island Howland Island Jarvis Island Johnston Atoll Kingman Reef Midway Atoll Navassa Island Wake Island Bajo Nuevo Bank[upper-alpha 9] Serranilla Bank[upper-alpha 9]
Venezuela[28]	23 states: 24px Amazonas Template:Country data Anzoátegui Template:Country data Apure Template:Country data Aragua Template:Country data Barinas Template:Country data Bolívar Template:Country data Carabobo Template:Country data Cojedes Template:Country data Delta Amacuro Template:Country data Falcón Template:Country data Guárico Template:Country data Lara Template:Country data Mérida Template:Country data Miranda Template:Country data Monagas Template:Country data Nueva Esparta Template:Country data Portuguesa Template:Country data Sucre Template:Country data Táchira Template:Country data Trujillo Template:Country data Vargas Template:Country data Yaracuy Template:Country data Zulia	1 capital district: Template:Country data Caracas Distrito Capital[upper-alpha 4]
		1 federal dependency: Template:Country data Federal Dependencies of Venezuela

• Associated state
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Template:Terms for types of administrative territorial entities

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