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Clubhouse (app)

Topic: Software

 From HandWiki - Reading time: 15 min
Short description: Audio-based social networking service
Clubhouse
Clubhouse App Logo.svg
Clubhouse Android.png
Screenshot of Clubhouse version 1.0.5 on Android (August 2021)
Developer(s)Alpha Exploration Co.
Initial releaseMarch 2020; 4 years ago (2020-03)
Stable release(s) [±]
Android1.0.33 / April 7, 2022; 2 years ago (2022-04-07)
iOS1.0.46 / March 22, 2022; 2 years ago (2022-03-22)
Written inPython
Django
NextJS
Operating system
  • Android 7 or above
  • iOS 13 or above
Size
  • 22 MB (Android)
  • 80.6 MB (iOS)
Available inEnglish
TypeVoice over IP (VoIP)
LicenseFreeware
Websiteclubhouse.com

Clubhouse is a social audio app for iOS and Android.[1][2]

Clubhouse inspired competitor products from Meta, Twitter through Twitter Spaces, and Spotify through a product called Greenroom.[3][4][5]

History

Clubhouse began as a social media startup by founders Paul Davison and Rohan Seth in Fall 2019.[6] Originally designed for podcasts under the name Talkshow, the app was rebranded as "Clubhouse" and officially released for the iOS operating system in March 2020.[7] Clubhouse was valued at $100 million after receiving funding from notable angel investors, including Ryan Hoover (Product Hunt), Balaji Srinivasan (Coinbase), James Beshara (Tilt.com), and several venture capitalists, including a $12 million Series A investment from the venture capital firm, Andreessen Horowitz, in May 2020.[8][9]

The app gained popularity in the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic and had 600,000 registered users by December 2020.[10][11] In January 2021, CEO Paul Davison announced that the app's active weekly user base consisted of approximately 2 million individuals.[12] The company announced that it would begin working on an Android version of the app.[13][14] In that month, the app became widely used in Germany when German podcast hosts Philipp Klöckner and Philipp Gloeckler started an invite-chain over a Telegram group, bringing German influencers, journalists, and politicians to the platform.[15] Clubhouse also raised their Series B at a $1 billion valuation.[16]

On February 1, 2021, Clubhouse had an estimated 3.5 million downloads globally and grew rapidly to 8.1 million downloads by February 15.[17] This significant growth in popularity occurred after celebrities such as Elon Musk and Mark Zuckerberg made appearances on the app.[18] In that month, Clubhouse hired an Android Software Developer.[19] A year after the app's release, the number of weekly active users was greater than 10 million, but the user base declined 21% during three weeks from late February to early March.[20] The decline is reportedly caused by a decrease in the number of Clubhouse users after its initial release.[21] During its initial rollout, the app was accessible only by invitation, and invitation codes on eBay were selling at up to $400.[22]

On April 5, 2021, Clubhouse partnered with Stripe to launch its first monetizing feature called Clubhouse Payments. Although testing began with only 1,000 users, after a week, the company rolled out the functionality to another 60,000 or more users in the US.[23][24] In the same month, Twitter had entered discussions to purchase Clubhouse for $4 billion. The talks ended with no acquisition.[25][26] Later, the company raised their Series C round of funding at a $4 billion valuation.[27][28] The app also received interest in a partnership, with the National Football League announcing a content deal that month.[29] On May 9, 2021, Clubhouse launched a beta version of the Android app for users in the US, and on May 21, 2021, Clubhouse became available worldwide for Android users.[30][31]

In July 2021, Clubhouse announced its partnership with TED to offer exclusive talks.[32][33] and on July 21, 2021, the company discarded its invitation system and made the application available to all, though a waitlist for registration is still applied as user accounts will be created over time to manage new traffic. As of the time of the announcement, the company stated it had 10 million users on the waitlist.[34][35] On September 23, 2021, the company announced a new feature called "Wave".[36] In October 2021, Clubhouse rolled out new features called "Replays and Clips".[37] In April 2022, the company rolled out a new dark mode on its iOS and Android apps.[38]

In April 2023, the company announced a 50% reduction in its staff amid a "reset" due to post-pandemic market shifts.[39]

Features

Rooms

The main feature of Clubhouse is real-time virtual "rooms" in which users can communicate with each other via audio. Rooms are categorized based on differing levels of privacy. "Open rooms" can be joined by anyone on Clubhouse, and all rooms default to this setting on creation. In "social rooms", only users followed by the moderators are allowed to join. Users need to receive an invite from the moderators to join "closed rooms". Within a room, there are three sections: the "stage", "followed by the speakers", and "others in the room". The profile picture and name of each user present in a room are displayed in the appropriate section. When a user creates a room, they are assigned the role of "moderator" which gives them the power to call users to the stage, mute users, and remove speakers from the stage. The moderator role is denoted by a green star that appears next to the user's name. When a user joins a room, they are initially assigned to the role of a "listener" and cannot unmute themselves. Listeners can notify the moderators of their intent to join the stage and speak by clicking on the "raise hand" icon. Users who are invited to the stage become "speakers", and gain the ability to unmute themselves. Users can exit a room by tapping the "leave quietly" button or the peace sign emoji.[40][41]

Clubhouse is now rolling out Houses, a private space where people can gather away from the larger "rooms". Houses are like small clubs.

Events

A lot of conversations in Clubhouse happen spontaneously, but users can schedule conversations by creating events. When scheduling an event, users can first name the event and then set the date and time that the conversation will begin. Users can also add co-hosts to help moderate the event. Once an event is created, it is added to the Clubhouse "bulletin". The bulletin displays upcoming scheduled events and allows users to set notifications for events by clicking the bell icon corresponding to the event. Users can access the bulletin by clicking on the calendar icon at the top of the home page.[42][43]

Clubs

At the Clubhouse, clubs are user communities that regularly discuss a common interest. Many clubs are present in Clubhouse representing a wide array of topics and users can find clubs by name under the search tab. A club consists of three categories of users: "Admin", "Leader", and "Member". Members can create private rooms and invite more users into the club. Leaders have all the privileges of a member, also authorized to create/schedule club-branded open rooms. An admin can modify club settings, add/delete users, change user privileges and create/schedule any type of room. There are three types of clubs: "Open", "By Approval", and "Closed" for membership. Any user can join an open club by pressing the "Join The Club" button on the club profile. In case of approval, users need to apply and wait for membership by pressing the "Apply To Join" button on the club profile. The admins of the respective club are privileged to accept or reject the user's request. In a closed club, membership is limited to users selected by the club admin. All users of a club will be notified when a public room within the club is created. The club creation is restricted to active users and whoever creates the club will become the club admin. Eligible users can create a club by going to their profile, press the "+" sign located in the "Member of" section. Clubs in which a user is a member are shown on their profile page. The first club to half a million members was the Human Behaviour Club founded by The Digital Doctor (Dr. Sohaib Imtiaz). [44]

Backchannel

Backchannel is the messaging function that allows users to interact individually or within a group via text.[45][46] The Backchannel feature was initially leaked on June 18, 2021, in response to the launch of Spotify Greenroom.[47] This is notable because, until this point, Clubhouse was voice only with no way to hyperlink or message. It was entirely dependent on Instagram and Twitter for text messaging. The feature was initially leaked in the App Store, which the company says was an accident on Twitter. A month later, after multiple failed attempts, the Clubhouse Backchannel finally launched on July 14, 2021.

Explore

The homepage of Clubhouse provides access to ongoing chat rooms, which are recommended based on the people and clubs that are followed by the user. By tapping the magnifying glass icon, users will be redirected to the explore page. On the explore page, users can search for people and clubs to follow and also find conversations categorized by topics.[48]

Clubhouse Payments

This is the direct payment service provided by the app, which allows users to send money to content creators who had enabled this functionality in their profile. Users may send money to a creator by clicking on their profile, press "Send Money", and enter the desired amount to send. When a user does this for the first time, they'll be prompted to register a credit or a debit card. The total received amount will go to the creator. The user will also be charged a small card processing fee according to Clubhouse's payment processing partner, Stripe.[49]

Creator First

Clubhouse Creator First is an accelerator program intended to help content creators on Clubhouse build their audience and monetize their content with a direct payment system.[50]

Creator First paid $5,000 a month to 24 creator shows for 90 days as it failed to secure any sponsorships for the creators. The pilot program drew heavy criticism from users over lack of transparency over the selection criteria and terms of the Creator First contracts.[51]

Icon

The Clubhouse app icon is a regularly changing grayscale profile photo of a social change leader and platform users. This is unique in app development, as most companies hire a designer to create an icon, whereas Clubhouse harvests user photos instead.

Notable list of Clubhouse app icons

  • May 2021 to June 2021 - Drue Kataoka[52]
  • February 2021 to May 2021 - Axel Mansoor[53]
  • December 2020 to February 2021 - Bomani X[54]

Wave

This functionality allows users to notify others that they are available for a private chat.[36] This feature may be one way for the company to provide less scheduled and more personal interactions on the app.[36]

Recording

This feature lets creators record entire conversations or 30-second clips. These recordings can be shared off-platform, which the company hopes will encourage user growth.[37]

Platforms

Clubhouse app is available on Android and iOS platforms. Users can download the App from their respective stores. The Android customer requires Android 7 or above to launch the app. iOS consumers need iOS 13 or later to run the app.

Pierre Stanislas and Philippe Breuils have developed a free third-party desktop client (Mac and Windows) for Clubhouse, called Clubdeck. This app is noteworthy because it provides multiple features not available in the official Clubhouse app, including the ability to add a soundboard to your rooms.[55][56]

Technical

The Clubhouse Android app is written in Kotlin while the iOS app is written in React Native.[57] The app's backend is written in Python and Django. It runs on a Gunicorn server with HAProxy for load balancing.

Business model

Presently Clubhouse works using funds supplied by its investors.[58] The company intends to monetize the platform via tips, paid events, subscriptions, and connecting creators with brand partners.[59]

In April 2021, tipping was rolled out to select users in the United States. The company promised sponsorships to its Creator First shows, but only 3 of the 23 selected shows landed a sponsor, and only one of which is reportedly tied to the program.[60]

Two Clubhouse personalities were signed by Endeavor to talent representation contracts: Nait Jones and NYU Girls Roasting Tech Guys.[61][62]

Other social audio apps like Discord Stage Channels, Facebook Live Audio Rooms, Reddit Talk, Slack Huddles, Spotify Greenroom, Telegram Voice Chats, and Twitter Spaces all directly compete with Clubhouse.[63][64]

Criticism

Privacy

Clubhouse records audio in the virtual rooms to support incident investigations. When a discussion is reported of violating Clubhouse's rules, the audio of the associated room will be reviewed by the staff. In the absence of a report, the room's recording is automatically deleted when the session ends. Clubhouse does not explicitly explain the review process.[65][66]

In April 2021, an SQL database with 1.3 million Clubhouse user records was published on a hacker forum. It contained real names, social media user names, and other account information. Clubhouse issued a statement on the incident on social media, stating that they did not experience a breach of their systems. The company stated that the data is already accessible to the public and can be accessed by anyone through their application or API.[67][68]

Censorship

In February 2021, China banned Clubhouse.[69][70] Before the ban, Clubhouse attracted a significant amount of Chinese users to discuss various topics. This included politically sensitive topics, such as protests in Hong Kong and the political status of Taiwan, which became the main reason for the ban.[71][72][73] In early March 2021, the UAE reportedly throttled access to the app, making access in the country impossible.[74][75] Later, mid-month, Oman blocked Clubhouse for not having a proper license to operate.[76][77] Jordan also blocked the app for conducting sensitive conversations late that month.[78][79]

Controversy

The Clubhouse Guidelines forbid the recording, transcription, reproduction, or sharing of conversations without explicit permission. This has been a source of controversy as cases of bullying, harassment, and racism, such as antisemitism, have occurred on the app.[80] Numerous incidents of antisemitism have been reported.[81][82]

Hate rallies

Clubhouse is known to harbor various hate rallies, including those spreading antisemitism, Islamophobia, Hinduphobia, and incel ideology. In May 2021, actor LaKeith Stanfield found himself moderating a room where some users shared antisemitic viewpoints.[83] Complaints were also made in September 2020[84] and April 2021.[85] Following her anti-Muslim remarks in a room hosted by a PR consultant, far-right figure Laura Loomer was suspended for Islamophobia.[86][87]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Marcin, Tim (July 14, 2021). "What is Clubhouse? Good luck getting invited to the social app." (in en). https://mashable.com/article/what-is-clubhouse-app. 
  2. ↑ "Clubhouse app: what is it and how do you get an invite to the exclusive audio app?" (in en). February 16, 2021. http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2021/feb/17/clubhouse-app-invite-what-is-it-how-to-get-audio-chat-elon-musk. 
  3. ↑ "What is Clubhouse, the iOS-only social audio app that is gaining traction" (in en). January 27, 2021. https://indianexpress.com/article/technology/social/what-is-clubhouse-the-ios-only-social-audio-app-that-is-gaining-traction-7163668/. 
  4. ↑ Isaac, Mike (February 10, 2021). "Facebook Is Said to Be Building a Product to Compete With Clubhouse" (in en-US). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/2021/02/10/technology/facebook-building-product-clubhouse.html. 
  5. ↑ Conger, Kate (2021-12-21). "How the Copycats Came for Clubhouse" (in en-US). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/2021/12/21/technology/clubhouse-twitter-spaces.html. 
  6. ↑ "Clubhouse—Check 1, 2, 3... Is this thing on?" (in en). July 11, 2020. https://www.clubhouse.com/blog/check-1-2-3. 
  7. ↑ "Clubhouse's Founder Is in a State of Perpetual Motion" (in en). Bloomberg.com. March 16, 2021. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-03-16/who-made-clubhouse-app-paul-davison-a-founder-in-perpetual-motion. 
  8. ↑ Griffith, Erin; Lorenz, Taylor (February 15, 2021). "Clubhouse, a Tiny Audio Chat App, Breaks Through" (in en-US). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/2021/02/15/business/clubhouse.html. 
  9. ↑ Shead, Sam (April 19, 2021). "There are signs that the buzz around Clubhouse is already fading — but investors aren't deterred". https://www.msn.com/en-us/money/other/there-are-signs-that-the-buzz-around-clubhouse-is-already-fading-e2-80-94-but-investors-arent-deterred/ar-BB1fNFqx. 
  10. ↑ "Top 10 digital solutions of 2021: from astrophysics to gamers". https://rubryka.com/en/article/digital-solution-2021/. 
  11. ↑ Lorenz, Taylor (December 23, 2020). "Clubhouse Makes Way for Influencers" (in en-US). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/12/23/style/clubhouse-app-influencers.html. 
  12. ↑ "Clubhouse: The Invitation-Only Exclusive Social Media App" (in en-US). May 27, 2021. https://www.shethepeople.tv/art-culture/what-is-clubhouse-the-invitation-only-social-media-application-kelly-stoetzel/. 
  13. ↑ Hall, Stephen (January 25, 2021). "When is Clubhouse coming to Android?" (in en-US). https://9to5google.com/2021/01/25/clubhouse-plans-to-start-working-on-its-android-app-soon/. 
  14. ↑ Schoon, Ben (April 12, 2021). "Clubhouse for Android is working, could see release in May [Updated"] (in en-US). https://9to5google.com/2021/04/12/clubhouse-android-development/. 
  15. ↑ "Wie zwei deutsche Digital-Nerds den aktuellen Clubhouse-Hype ins Rollen gebracht haben" (in de). https://omr.com/de/clubhouse-hype-deutschland/. 
  16. ↑ "Clubhouse Gets Investment Interest at $1 Billion Valuation". https://www.theinformation.com/articles/clubhouse-gets-investment-interest-at-1-billion-valuation. 
  17. ↑ "Report: Social audio app Clubhouse has topped 8 million global downloads" (in en-US). February 18, 2021. https://social.techcrunch.com/2021/02/18/report-social-audio-app-clubhouse-has-topped-8-million-global-downloads/. 
  18. ↑ "Elon Musk Makes Characteristically Wild Debut on a Buzzy Social App Clubhouse" (in en). Bloomberg.com. February 1, 2021. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-02-01/musk-s-debut-on-a-buzzy-social-app-was-characteristically-wild. 
  19. ↑ Rodriguez, Salvador (February 23, 2021). "Clubhouse hires Android software developer, signaling work on Android app has begun" (in en). https://www.cnbc.com/2021/02/23/clubhouse-hires-android-developer-work-on-android-app-has-begun.html. 
  20. ↑ Shalvey, Kevin (March 20, 2021). "Clubhouse's growth raises troubling questions over spread of misinformation" (in en-US). https://www.businessinsider.com/clubhouses-growth-raises-troubling-questions-over-spread-of-misinformation-2021-3. 
  21. ↑ Somerville, Heather (March 21, 2021). "Clubhouse, Other Chat Apps Fill a Covid-Era Void in Our Social Lives—for Now" (in en-US). Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. https://www.wsj.com/articles/clubhouse-other-live-conversation-apps-fill-a-void-in-our-social-livesfor-now-11616335201. 
  22. ↑ Wiener, Anna. "Clubhouse Feels Like a Party" (in en-us). The New Yorker. https://www.newyorker.com/news/letter-from-silicon-valley/in-the-clubhouse. Retrieved April 1, 2021. 
  23. ↑ "Clubhouse launches payments so creators can make money" (in en-US). April 5, 2021. https://social.techcrunch.com/2021/04/05/clubhouse-payments/. 
  24. ↑ "Clubhouse rolls out payments to over 60K creators following initial test" (in en-US). April 13, 2021. https://social.techcrunch.com/2021/04/13/clubhouse-rolls-out-payments-to-over-60k-creators-following-initial-test/. 
  25. ↑ Deveau, Scott; Roof, Katie; Wagner, Kurt (August 4, 2021). "Twitter Held Discussions for $4 Billion Takeover of Clubhouse". https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-04-07/twitter-is-said-to-have-discussed-4-billion-clubhouse-takeover. 
  26. ↑ Carman, Ashley (April 7, 2021). "Twitter reportedly discussed buying social audio app Clubhouse for $4 billion" (in en). https://www.theverge.com/2021/4/7/22372510/twitter-clubhouse-acquire-four-billion-spaces-audio. 
  27. ↑ Culliford, Elizabeth (April 18, 2021). "Clubhouse closes new round of funding that would value app at $4 billion - source" (in en). Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/article/ctech-us-clubhouse-fundraising-idCAKBN2C50LA-OCATC. 
  28. ↑ "Clubhouse Discusses Funding at About $4 Billion Value" (in en). Bloomberg.com. April 6, 2021. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-04-06/clubhouse-is-said-to-discuss-funding-at-about-4-billion-value. 
  29. ↑ Blasi, Weston. "NFL and audio platform Clubhouse agree to content deal for NFL draft" (in en-US). https://www.marketwatch.com/story/nfl-and-audio-platform-clubhouse-agree-to-content-deal-for-nfl-draft-11619463786. 
  30. ↑ Lyons, Kim; Porter, Jon (May 9, 2021). "Clubhouse comes to Android after more than a year of iOS exclusivity" (in en). https://www.theverge.com/2021/5/9/22424399/clubhouse-android-app-release-date-news-features. 
  31. ↑ Dent, Steve (May 21, 2021). "Clubhouse is now available worldwide on Android" (in en). https://www.engadget.com/the-clubhouse-android-app-is-now-available-worldwide-082506070.html. 
  32. ↑ Carman, Ashley (July 11, 2021). "Exclusive TED chats are coming to Clubhouse" (in en). https://www.theverge.com/2021/7/11/22570634/ted-clubhouse-podcast-audio-live-recording. 
  33. ↑ Chatterjee, Abhishek (July 13, 2021). "Clubhouse partners with TED on global exclusive social audio line-up" (in en-IN). The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. https://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/technology/clubhouse-partners-with-ted-on-global-exclusive-social-audio-line-up/article35303102.ece. 
  34. ↑ Yeo, Amanda (July 21, 2021). "Clubhouse is finally open to everyone" (in en). https://mashable.com/article/clubhouse-signup-invite-open. 
  35. ↑ "Clubhouse is now out of beta and open to everyone" (in en-US). July 21, 2021. https://social.techcrunch.com/2021/07/21/clubhouse-invite-open-to-everyone-exits-beta/. 
  36. ↑ 36.0 36.1 36.2 Campbell, Ian Carlos (September 23, 2021). "Clubhouse launches 'Wave,' a new way to pull friends into audio chats" (in en). https://www.theverge.com/2021/9/23/22690029/clubhouse-wave-invites-audio-chats. 
  37. ↑ 37.0 37.1 Dang, Sheila (September 23, 2021). "Clubhouse rolls out conversation replay and clip-sharing to drive growth" (in en). Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/technology/clubhouse-rolls-out-conversation-replay-clip-sharing-drive-growth-2021-09-30/. 
  38. ↑ "Clubhouse starts rolling out dark mode on iOS and Android" (in en-US). April 14, 2022. https://social.techcrunch.com/2022/04/14/clubhouse-dark-mode-ios-android/. 
  39. ↑ Hayes, Dade (2023-04-28). "Clubhouse, Which Blazed A Trail In Live Audio, Is "Resetting" And Laying Off 50% Of Its Staff" (in en-US). https://deadline.com/2023/04/clubhouse-live-audio-app-resetting-layoffs-1235340817/. 
  40. ↑ "How to Use Clubhouse App: A Complete Guide for Everyone" (in en-us). August 4, 2021. https://mashtips.com/clubhouse-complete-guide/. 
  41. ↑ Bolder, Andrea (February 3, 2021). "The Ultimate Clubhouse Guide: How To Get Started on the Clubhouse app" (in en-US). https://andreabolder.com/clubhouse-app-guide/. 
  42. ↑ "How to Start a Clubhouse Room and Moderate Like a Pro: Social Media Examiner" (in en-US). Social Media Examiner. https://www.socialmediaexaminer.com/how-to-start-a-clubhouse-room-and-moderate-like-a-pro/. 
  43. ↑ "What is the Clubhouse App: Everything You Need to Know" (in en-US). January 25, 2021. https://kimgarst.com/what-is-the-clubhouse-app-everything-you-need-to-know/. 
  44. ↑ "How to Create A Club on Clubhouse App (Step-By-Step)" (in en-GB). March 13, 2021. https://www.saintlad.com/create-a-club-on-clubhouse/. 
  45. ↑ Carman, Ashley (July 14, 2021). "Clubhouse launches its DM feature Backchannel" (in en). https://www.theverge.com/2021/7/14/22576771/clubhouse-dm-backchannel-update-message. 
  46. ↑ "Clubhouse unveils its new 'Backchannel' DM feature" (in en-US). July 14, 2021. https://www.engadget.com/clubhouse-unveils-its-new-backchannel-dm-feature-173105811.html. 
  47. ↑ Menegus, Bryan (June 21, 2021). "Clubhouse Accidentally Leaked Its Own Private Messaging Function". Vox Media. https://www.theverge.com/2021/6/21/22543877/clubhouse-backchannel-text-chat-private-leaked-feature. 
  48. ↑ "Clubhouse App: How to Get Started: Social Media Examiner" (in en-US). Social Media Examiner. https://www.socialmediaexaminer.com/clubhouse-app-how-to-get-started/. 
  49. ↑ Peters, Jay (April 5, 2021). "Clubhouse's new direct payments let you toss a coin to creators, and they get 100 percent" (in en). https://www.theverge.com/2021/4/5/22368929/clubhouse-direct-payments-creators-stripe. 
  50. ↑ Lyons, Kim (March 14, 2021). "Clubhouse announces accelerator program for creators on its platform" (in en). https://www.theverge.com/2021/3/14/22330281/clubhouse-accelerator-creators-davison-app. 
  51. ↑ "Clubhouse Promoted Clubs List". Substack. https://clubhouseconversations.substack.com/p/clubhouse-promoted-clubs-list. [yes|permanent dead link|dead link}}]
  52. ↑ Fox, MeiMei. "Clubhouse Selects Asian American Artists and Activist Drue Kataoka As Its Latest Icon". https://www.forbes.com/sites/meimeifox/2021/04/25/clubhouse-selects-asian-american-artist-and-activist-drue-kataoka-as-its-latest-icon/. 
  53. ↑ Khurana, Manpriya (February 21, 2021). "Who's the Guy on Clubhouse App Logo". https://www.ibtimes.co.in/whos-guy-clubhouse-app-logo-everything-about-you-need-know-about-artist-833423. 
  54. ↑ Rodriguez, Salvador (January 10, 2021). "Black users turned social app Clubhouse from drab to fun". https://www.cnbc.com/2021/01/10/black-users-turned-social-app-clubhouse-from-drab-to-fun.html. 
  55. ↑ "How to run Clubhouse on your desktop or laptop computer with Windows or macOS, in three easy steps" (in en). June 29, 2021. https://tech.hindustantimes.com/how-to/how-to-run-clubhouse-on-your-desktop-or-laptop-computer-with-windows-or-macos-in-three-easy-steps-71624909687571.html. 
  56. ↑ Singh, Ritik (June 26, 2021). "3 Ways to Use Clubhouse App on PC (Windows, Mac)" (in en-US). https://gadgetstouse.com/blog/2021/06/26/use-clubhouse-on-pc-windows-mac/. 
  57. ↑ "Clubhouse Team". https://www.reactiflux.com/transcripts/clubhouse. 
  58. ↑ "Key insights into Clubhouse Business Model – NCrypted Websites Blog" (in en-US). https://www.ncrypted.net/blog/clubhouse-business-model/. 
  59. ↑ "Clubhouse launches payments so creators can make money" (in en-US). April 5, 2021. https://social.techcrunch.com/2021/04/05/clubhouse-payments/. 
  60. ↑ Carman, Ashley (September 28, 2021). "Clubhouse needs creators, but creators need cash" (in en). https://www.theverge.com/2021/9/28/22696403/clubhouse-creators-first-sponsorship-program. 
  61. ↑ Vlessing, Etan (April 27, 2021). "Clubhouse 'NYU Girls Roasting Tech Guys' Stars Sign With WME" (in en-US). https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/business/business-news/clubhouse-nyu-girls-roasting-tech-guys-stars-sign-with-wme-exclusive-4173741/. 
  62. ↑ Chan, J. Clara (June 16, 2021). "WME Signs Nait Jones, Clubhouse Personality and Andreessen Horowitz Partner (Exclusive)" (in en-US). https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/business/digital/wme-andreessen-horowitz-clubhouse-nait-jones-1234967715/. 
  63. ↑ "What Is Clubhouse? The Audio-Only Chat App Explained" (in en). https://www.pcmag.com/how-to/what-is-clubhouse-app. 
  64. ↑ Sha, Arjun (February 22, 2021). "10 Best Apps Like Clubhouse for Android and iOS in 2021" (in en-US). https://beebom.com/best-apps-like-clubhouse/. 
  65. ↑ Aten, Jason (February 27, 2021). "Clubhouse Is Recording Your Conversations. That's Not Even Its Worst Privacy Problem" (in en). https://www.inc.com/jason-aten/clubhouse-is-recording-your-conversations-thats-not-even-its-worst-privacy-problem.html. 
  66. ↑ Delhi, Ketan Pratap. "Clubhouse confirms it records conversations, tracks users within the app" (in en). https://www.indiatoday.in/technology/news/story/clubhouse-confirms-it-records-conversations-tracks-users-within-the-app-1774297-2021-03-01. 
  67. ↑ "Clubhouse Data Leak - 1.3M SQL Database Leaked Online". April 10, 2021. https://cybernews.com/security/clubhouse-data-leak-1-3-million-user-records-leaked-for-free-online/. 
  68. ↑ Lyons, Kim (April 11, 2021). "Clubhouse CEO says user data was not leaked, contrary to reports" (in en). https://www.theverge.com/2021/4/11/22378302/personal-information-1-million-clubhouse-users-leaked-privacy-security. 
  69. ↑ Chien, Amy Chang; Qin, Amy (February 8, 2021). "In China, an App Offered Space for Debate. Then the Censors Came." (in en-US). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/2021/02/08/world/asia/china-clubhouse-blocked.html. 
  70. ↑ "Clubhouse is now blocked in China after a brief uncensored period" (in en-US). February 8, 2021. https://social.techcrunch.com/2021/02/08/clubhouse-is-now-blocked-in-china-after-a-brief-uncensored-period/. 
  71. ↑ "Clubhouse: The controversial chats that angered China's censors" (in en-GB). BBC News. February 10, 2021. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-55984854. 
  72. ↑ Cadell, Cate; Li, Pei (February 8, 2021). "Chinese users flock to U.S. chat app Clubhouse, evading censors" (in en). Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-internet-clubhouse-idUSKBN2A705H. 
  73. ↑ "Op-Ed: Why a weekend spent on Clubhouse was monumental for many Chinese users" (in en). February 17, 2021. https://medium.com/dfrlab/op-ed-why-a-weekend-spent-on-clubhouse-was-monumental-for-many-chinese-users-86c66ad61316. 
  74. ↑ "Goodbye Clubhouse" (in en). March 10, 2021. https://alexofarabia.com/2021/03/10/goodbye-clubhouse/. 
  75. ↑ Ramadan, Tala (April 1, 2021). "Clubhouse: the popular audio-only app gets banned in MENA?" (in en-US). https://smex.org/clubhouse-the-popular-audio-only-app-gets-banned-in-mena/. 
  76. ↑ Yaakoubi, Aziz El (March 14, 2021). "Oman blocks audio app Clubhouse citing lack of permit, but some fear censorship" (in en). Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-oman-clubhouse-idUSKBN2B607P. 
  77. ↑ "Oman blocks Clubhouse app, fuelling regional censorship fears" (in en). https://www.aljazeera.com/economy/2021/3/15/oman-blocks-clubhouse-app-fueling-regional-censorship-fears. 
  78. ↑ "Jordan bans Clubhouse application" (in en). https://en.royanews.tv/news/26508/2021-03-25. 
  79. ↑ "After The Sultanate Of Oman, Jordan Withholding The "Club House", So What Does King Abdullah II Fear From The Application? A Nation Is Tweeting Out Of Tune » Gulf News » Prime Time Zone" (in en-US). https://primetimezone.com/world/gulf-news/after-the-sultanate-of-oman-jordan-withholding-the-club-house-so-what-does-king-abdullah-ii-fear-from-the-application-a-nation-is-tweeting-out-of-tune/. 
  80. ↑ "Private Social App Clubhouse Courts Fresh Controversy" (in en). Bloomberg.com. September 29, 2020. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-09-29/private-social-app-clubhouse-courts-fresh-controversy. 
  81. ↑ "Clubhouse shuts down chatrooms after anti-Semitism complaints - The Times of Israel". https://www.timesofisrael.com/clubhouse-shuts-down-chatrooms-after-anti-semitism-complaints/amp/. 
  82. ↑ Schiffer, Zoe (2020-09-30). "A Clubhouse conversation has sparked accusations of anti-Semitism" (in en). https://www.theverge.com/2020/9/30/21495419/clubhouse-conversation-antisemitism-content-moderation. 
  83. ↑ Kiefer, Halle (May 9, 2021). "LaKeith Stanfield Apologizes for Anti-Semitic Clubhouse Chat Room" (in en-us). https://www.vulture.com/2021/05/lakeith-stanfield-apologizes-for-anti-semitic-clubhouse-chat.html. 
  84. ↑ Schiffer, Zoe (September 30, 2020). "A Clubhouse conversation has sparked accusations of anti-Semitism" (in en). https://www.theverge.com/2020/9/30/21495419/clubhouse-conversation-antisemitism-content-moderation. 
  85. ↑ Sales, Ben. "Clubhouse shuts down chatrooms after anti-Semitism complaints" (in en-US). https://www.timesofisrael.com/clubhouse-shuts-down-chatrooms-after-anti-semitism-complaints/. 
  86. ↑ Fearnow, Benjamin (May 8, 2021). "Clubhouse bans far-right figure Laura Loomer over reported anti-Muslim remarks" (in en). https://www.newsweek.com/clubhouse-bans-far-right-figure-laura-loomer-over-reported-anti-muslim-remarks-1589807. 
  87. ↑ Petrizzo, Zachary (May 12, 2021). "Clubhouse, Popular New Conversation App, Starts Booting Far-Right Extremists". https://www.salon.com/2021/05/12/clubhouse-popular-new-conversation-app-starts-booting-far-right-extremists/. 

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