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List of alleged extraterrestrial beings

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This is a list of alleged extraterrestrial beings, alleged interdimensional beings, and alleged cryptoterrestrial beings that have been reported in close encounters, either claimed or speculated to be associated with the purported phenomenon of unidentified flying objects (UFOs) (not to be confused with the meaning of the term "alien species" in the biological science of ecology).[1]


Flatwoods monster[2][3] The Flatwoods monster was alleged by witnesses to be a tall humanoid with a spade-shaped head.[2] A common skeptical explanation has been a misidentified barn owl.[3]
Froglike Humanoids[4] Rarely, witnesses have alleged encounters with amphibianlike humanoids.[4] One recorded case involved a steel-worker named Harrison Bailey, who purportedly witnessed a UFO and claimed to have communicated with diminutive, bipedal frog men in 1951.[5][6] Another famous case, though a UFO was not directly seen, involved alleged froglike humanoids ostensibly communicating with each other; one was reportedly holding a rod overhead that was emitting flashes or sparks.[5][7] Skeptics have suggested such sightings were the misidentification of known fauna.[6][7]
"Giants"[4]
Greys (also grays)[11][12][13] Greys are often reported to be humanoids of small stature, usually 1 m (3.3 ft) tall, featuring large hairless heads, black almond-shaped eyes, nostrils without a nose, slits for mouths, no ears, and 3–4 fingers on each hand (including a thumb).[12] Tall greys have also been reported.[13][4] Greys have been the predominant extraterrestrial beings of alleged alien contact since the 1960s. Skeptics commonly suggest that such reports are the result of sleep paralysis.[12]
Hairy mammalian humanoids[16][4] In rare instances, hairy "mammalian" humanoids have been described.[16][4] Though some encounters have purportedly involved beings with batlike faces, Bigfoot-like sightings are also represented in reports.[16] An unconventional paranormal theory speculates that Bigfoot is of non-terrestrial origin.[17][18] At least in the case of Bigfoot sightings, skeptics have often proposed more earthly explanations altogether, such as the misidentification of bears standing on their hind legs.[19]
Hopkinsville goblins[20][21][22] Accounts of the Hopkinsville goblins portrayed them as small, silvery humanoids with a "greenish-silver glow". A commonly proposed skeptical explanation is that they were misidentified great horned owls.[24]
Humanoids alleged by Carl Higdon[25][26] Witness Carl Higdon alleged that his abductors were humanoids with strawlike hair, no eyebrows, no jaw, no visible ears, standing at about 6 feet (1.8 m) tall, and dressed in glossy black. They were notably sensitive to sunlight. The main individual described was characterized as a "hunter or explorer".[27] The use of hypnosis to aid recall in this case has been called into question by skeptics.[26]
Humanoids alleged by Evelyn Wendt[28][29] Witness Evelyn Wendt reported that in 1924, when she was a child in Dade City, Florida, she looked on as "animated flowers with faces where the bud would be" departed an egg-shaped object.[28][29] She indicated that they were robotlike and noted they were of a smaller stature than her.[28][29] This account was also featured in the skeptical compendium UFOs & Alien Contact: Two Centuries of Mystery;[28] in his book review, skeptic Robert Baker assumed that encounters with unknown beings (like those cited in the book) may have been attributable to varying psychological explanations.[30]
Humanoids alleged by Federico Ibáñez[16][31]
  • Landing at Turis[31]
 Witness Federico Ibáñez allegedly encountered beings approximately 1 metre (3 ft 3 in) tall draped in white, full-body garments resembling encapsulating chemical suits, wearing what appeared to be protruding eyewear on their heads.[16][31] Skeptic Luís R. González and bibliographer Carlos González Gutiérrez have noted the similarity to humanoids from the then-recently released Star Wars.[31] Skeptical researcher Vincente-Juan Ballester Olmos has likewise explored the notion that the encounter may have been a brief psychological phenomenon affected by pop culture influences, although admits that the witness ostensibly neither had any history of similar psychological phenomena nor particularly high awareness of the then-recent science fiction trend.[31]
Humanoids alleged by Kelly Cahill[32][33] Witness Kelly Cahill alleged that her abductors were tall humanoids, dressed in dark hoods with glowing red eyes. Cahill further claimed that she perceived the intentions of the specific individuals she purportedly encountered as negative.[32][33] Though it has been touted as a particularly noteworthy case due to the involvement of multiple and even ostensibly independent witnesses,[32] the potential for the one-off event having a psychological explanation has been discussed.[34]
Humanoids with a blue complexion[12] Uncommonly, beings with a blue complexion have been reported.[12] One such report was made in Studham Common, where gnomelike, blue humanoids were allegedly sighted by children on the way to school in January 1967.[35][36] Author Whitley Strieber, who purportedly had abduction experiences with greys, also claimed an alleged encounter with gnomelike, blue humanoids in the eighties.[37] Like greys, skeptics suggest abduction reports of blue humanoids are the result of sleep paralysis.[12]
Humanoids with one eye[16][38]
  • "Cyclops" of the Sagrada Familia neighborhood[16][38]
 An alleged cycloptic humanoid of ruddy complexion that purportedly stood at a height of over 2 metres (6 ft 7 in) was claimed to have attempted to communicate with eyewitnesses in Belo Horizonte. Multiple cyclopes were reported in this alleged encounter.[16][38] A documentary was released in 2022 about the incident titled Alien Cyclops: The Extraordinary Case of Sagrada Familia, according to which, the witnesses had maintained their testimony two years following the incident even as investigator Húlvio Brant Aleixo attempted to steer the follow-up interview into a more adversarial form of skeptical inquiry.[39] The humanoids the witnesses reported were also referenced in The Field Guide to Extraterrestrials, in which author Patrick Huyghe's ostensibly admitted a certain degree of personal skepticism with regard to close encounters in the forward, opining that a psychological explanation might exist in general,[16] which skeptic Robert Baker also touched upon in his book review thereof.[4]
Humanoids with "sweepers"[40][41] A witness in Uden, Netherlands, claimed to have seen a metallic spherical object and also claimed to have looked on as unknown humanoids, in garments similar to white monastic habits, used unknown devices resembling sweepers.[40][41] A similar encounter occurred in Vilvoorde, Belgium, with a being scaling a wall and ostensibly another similar encounter took place in Canada; skeptical explanations have included misidentified utility workers.[40][41]
Humanoids with winged forelimbs[16][4] Alleged encounters with humanoids of a generally avian appearance have also been rarely described,[4] and have sometimes been broadly categorized with reports of humanoids with winged forelimbs in general, like those of chiropteran appearance.[16] However, these classifications are of such a notable level of rarity that author Patrick Huyghe, who despite expressing a certain degree of skepticism about close encounters in general in the forward of his 1996 book The Field Guide to Extraterrestrials, admitted to only being able to find one such (chiropteran) example from Hythe, Kent while broadly compiling reports.[16] Examples of avian humanoids have included the bird-beasts of Var, which were purportedly seen with a UFO,[42] and also Mothman, which is sometimes speculated to have a non-terrestrial provenance.[43] A chiropteran, or possibly quasi-pterosaurian, example lies in the Van Meter Visitor, which was implied by contemporary reports to be cryptoterrestrial.[44][45]
Humanoids with winged serpent (or crossed serpent) emblems[46][47][48][49]
  • Herbert Schirmer encounter[50][46][49]
  • William Herrmann encounter[47]
  • Filiberto Cardenas encounter[48]
 On 3 December 1967, police officer Herbert Schirmer reported witnessing a UFO, claimed to have experienced missing time, and later underwent hypnosis.[50] He ultimately described a group of humanoids of below-average height, with large eyes and an emblem that resembled a winged serpent.[46][49] According to journalist Crisnel Longino, "UFO researchers noted that similar symbols appeared in other reports, including cases from Latin America in 1969, Buenos Aires in 1972, [and] Provo, Utah in 1965".[46] William Herrmann reported a similar encounter involving a winged serpent emblem in 1979,[47] a few months after Filiberto Cardenas reported an incident where, via hypnosis, he recalled witnessing unknown humanoids which, according to author Richard L. Thompson, had "elongated eyes with eyelashes, small flattened noses, long lipless mouths, and light beards".[48] Further, a serpent over a "lazy X" emblem was described.[48] Skeptics have questioned the use of hypnosis with regard to purported encounters in general,[26] as in the case of Schirmer's hypnotic regression.[46]
Insectoids[51][52][4]
  • Praying Mantis Insectoids[52]
  • Insectalin[13]
 This classification of alleged extraterrestrial is described as having an insectlike or mantid appearance.[52] They feature in some purported abduction accounts,[51] characterized as taking on a commanding role.[52][13] As with other beings described in alien abductions,[12] a common prosaic explanation suggested for sightings of insectoid beings is sleep paralysis.[53]
Little green men[54]
  • Emilcin abduction[55]
  • L. R. Johannis' encounter in Villa Santina[16][56]
 "Little green men" is a common shorthand description for extraterrestrial narratives in general, often used pejoratively by critics of ufology. Even though some purported encounters have referred to alleged beings with green skin, very few reports have ever involved anything that would fit the general description of "little green men". They are included here mainly for cultural reference to the term.[54] As in the case with greys, skeptics suggest that the few such reports in abduction narratives are the result of sleep paralysis.[12]
Living UFOs[57]
Men in black[58][59][60] One common theory for the identity of the alleged "men in black" is that of an extraterrestrial origin,[58][59][60] due to reported anomalies in appearance and mannerism.[60] Writer Benjamin Radford, though skeptical about the "men in black" phenomenon in general, stated: "It is of course possible that at some point dark-suited men from government agencies made inquiries into UFO reports; there was, after all, an Air Force program that investigated flying saucer claims in the 1950s called Project Blue Book. Government officials (including those with the military, police, Secret Service, FBI, or IRS, for example) are sometimes known to throw their weight around and intimidate people, even unintentionally."[58] He did not, however, seriously consider the notion of MIBs as non-terrestrial entities aside from mentioning the hypothesis.[58]
"Michelin Men"[61]
  • Bibendum entities[62]
 Rarely, alleged beings whose apparent pressure suits are reported to superficially resemble the Michelin Man have been described.[61][62] These alleged beings were briefly mentioned in the book The Field Guide to Extraterrestrials, wherein Patrick Huyghe's listed them under the category of "short non-greys".[16] Huyghe did express some degree of skepticism about the close encounter cases he'd compiled in general in the forward to his compendium and mentioned the possibility of a psychological cause,[16] which skeptic Robert Baker also referenced in his review of the work.[4]
Milnthorpe beings[63] A couple in Milnthorpe claimed to have witnessed beings with small trunks for noses and glaring, circular eyes. The story has earned acclaim in the village, although some locals have expressed skepticism.[63]
"Mince-Pie Martians"[64][16][65] Small humanoids with large dark eyes, thin mouths, no noses, no fingers, no feet, and what were interpreted to be colorful oval-shaped wings were reported in Rowley Regis. Each purportedly wore a transparent helmet that emitted an uncomfortably bright light from the upper portion. They were claimed to have departed in an egg-shaped craft. There was no indication that the alleged beings were "Martians" in the literal sense; the first half of the name derived from the mince pies the witness reportedly offered them.[64][16] The British government released files in 2008 that included a report about the UFO sighting, but they ostensibly assumed that the encounter with the beings themselves was a psychological phenomenon.[65]
Miniature beings[16][66] Very small humanoids have also been claimed by witnesses, with one notable flap of sightings in Bukit Mertajam involving purported antennaed or horned humanoids that allegedly stood at about 3–6 inches (7.6–15.2 cm) in height.[16][66] A corpse of a similarly-sized humanoid with alienlike features was discovered in the Atacama Desert and found to have significant congenital anomalies;[67] although the biological indicators for the age at decease were a matter of some debate, the results of forensic genetic research have indicated that the corpse was that of a premature infant of human origin.[68]
Mixed Lineage[13][12] Beings that appear to have mixed lineage between different alleged groups and/or humans from Earth have likewise been reported. Ufologists have used the term "hybrid", and occasionally the term "hubrid" for particularly humanlike individuals, to describe these purported sightings. It is often alleged by witnesses that "greys" are heavily involved in this supposed genetic program. As with greys themselves, a common skeptical explanation has been sleep paralysis.[13][12]
Non-humanoids[4] Although the vast majority of purported encounters are claimed to involve humanoids,[69] there are occasionally miscellaneous, "exotic" types reported.[4] The "Domsten blobs" are one notable example. Allegedly encountered in Sweden, they were described as "fluid", jellylike beings that purportedly attempted to abduct the witnesses.[70][71] Some members of the Swedish Air Defense reportedly expressed skepticism about the account.[70]
Nordic aliens[72][73] Reported as strongly resembling humans from Earth, this alleged classification originally featured in the "space brother" contactee narratives of the mid-20th century,[76] but continues to be described in modern purported abductions. Like greys and blue-skinned humanoids, skeptics suggest that abductions by "Nordics" are the result of sleep paralysis.[12]
Pascagoula "mummies"[78][16][79] Described as mummy-like,[16] the humanoids alleged to have abducted the witnesses in the Pascagoula incident were described as possessing wrinkly gray skin and having arms that ended in pincer-like hands.[78] The mouths were reportedly diminished, while other facial features were claimed to have been sharp projections.[79] The alleged beings' heads were described as attaching directly to the shoulders.[79] They were said to be robotlike and moving with a gliding motion, legs together.[79] As with other alien abductions,[12] skeptics have suggested sleep paralysis as a potential prosaic explanation.[79]
Reptilians (sometimes misspelled as reptillians)[80] Described as tall scaly humanoids, reptilians (also called reptoids or reptiloids) comprise an alleged group often tied to niche conspiracy narratives, such as the reptilian conspiracy theory advocated by David Icke. Generally considered a particularly fringe topic, it also commonly overlaps with adjacent paranormal subjects like the concept of ancient astronauts.[80] Historical depictions of reptilian humanoid beings date back at least as far as the mythology of Ancient Egypt, with the crocodile-headed river deity Sobek.[82]
Robots[69][4]
  • Cisco Grove encounter[83]
  • Falkville Metal Man[84]
  • Voronezh robot[85]
 Various alleged encounters have purportedly involved beings described as "robots" or "robotic".[69][4] Skeptic Eric Wojciechowski has suggested the psychological hypothesis as an explanation for these and similar sightings.[69]
Rods[86] Elongated visual artifacts appearing in photos and video recordings, sometimes claimed to be extraterrestrial beings, have received notable publicity. They are generally thought to be caused by the movement of flying insects exceeding the frame rate of recording devices.[86]
Sandown Clown[88] Two witnesses claimed to encounter a humanoid of unknown origin with unusual anatomical features, such as not possessing a neck, having slatlike arms, and triangular patterns for eyes.[88] Said to somewhat resemble a clown in appearance, he purportedly invited the witnesses to his windowless, metallic hut,[90] where there were notable anomalies in the way he ate.[88] Neither the being nor the hut were found on subsequent searches.[88] One skeptical explanation is that the individual the witnesses saw may have been a marginalized societal outcast with eccentric habits and dress.[91]
Short non-greys[4]
  • Imjärvi humanoids[92]
  • Cennina encounter[93]
 Some witnesses, as in the case of the Imjärvi humanoids or the Cennina encounter,[92][93] have alleged encountering short humanlike beings that are distinct from greys.[4] "Short non-greys" were the most frequently listed category in The Field Guide to Extraterrestrials, a book in which Patrick Huyghe's discussed the possibility of a general psychological explanation for "close encounters of the third kind",[16] which skeptic Robert Baker likewise touched upon in his book review.[4]
Some cryptids Some well-known cryptids have been occasionally theorized to have extraterrestrial or interdimensional origins or associations, although this is often dismissed by skeptics who allege more prosaic explanations altogether, such as the misidentification of known fauna (e.g. the snowy owl as a proposed explanation for the Dover Demon and the barred owl for Mothman).[17][18][94][95][97][98][100][43][101]
Voronezh beings[10][102][85] Three-eyed beings were reportedly witnessed disembarking from a UFO in the former Soviet Union. Each was purportedly shoulderless and had a small or nonexistent head, a hump,[102] a disklike shape on their breast, metallic overalls, "bronze boots", and stood at 3–4 metres (9.8–13.1 ft) tall.[10] An apparent robot was also reported.[85] The use of a form of remote viewing by investigators to identify the alleged landing site was questioned by skeptics.[10]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Frequently asked questions". https://easin.jrc.ec.europa.eu/easin/Documentation/FAQ. "Non-native organisms that become established in a new environment." 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Clark, Jerome (1999). "Flatwoods Monster". Unexplained!. Visible Ink Press. p. 426. ISBN 1-57859-070-1. https://archive.org/details/unexplainedstran00clar/page/426. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Nickell, Joe (November 2000). "Investigative Files: The Flatwoods UFO Monster". Skeptical Inquirer (Amherst, NY: Committee for Skeptical Inquiry) 24 (6). ISSN 0194-6730. OCLC 4081591. http://www.csicop.org/si/show/flatwoods_ufo_monster/. Retrieved 2015-06-02. "The 'monster' reportedly had a 'man-like shape' and stood some ten feet tall, although Barker (1953) noted that 'descriptions from the waist down are vague; most of the seven said this part of the figure was not under view.'". 
  4. ↑ 4.00 4.01 4.02 4.03 4.04 4.05 4.06 4.07 4.08 4.09 4.10 4.11 4.12 4.13 4.14 4.15 4.16 4.17 4.18 4.19 Baker, Robert (1 June 1997). "An Alien Taxonomy". The Skeptical Inquirer. Skeptical Briefs 7 (2). https://skepticalinquirer.org/newsletter/an-alien-taxonomy/. Retrieved 25 July 2026. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 Redfern, Nick (19 June 2021). "From a Lizard Man to Frog-Men and to Other Creepy Creatures". https://journalnews.com.ph/from-a-lizard-man-to-frog-men-and-to-other-creepy-creatures/. 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 "Ad man's encounter was one step beyond". Chicago Tribune. 22 May 2002. https://www.chicagotribune.com/2002/05/22/ad-mans-encounter-was-one-step-beyond/. 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Haupt, Ryan (30 June 2015). "The Loveland Frog". https://skeptoid.com/episodes/473. 
  8. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named mystery_airship_giant
  9. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named meng_zhaoguo
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 Kurtz, Paul (Spring 1990). "Paranormal Pandemonium in the Soviet Union". https://skepticalinquirer.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/29/2019/03/Issue-03-11.pdf. 
  11. ↑ Bryan, C.D.B (1995). Close Encounters of the Fourth Kind. Alfred A. Knopf, In c. ISBN 9780679429753. https://archive.org/details/closeencounterso00brya_0. 
  12. ↑ 12.00 12.01 12.02 12.03 12.04 12.05 12.06 12.07 12.08 12.09 12.10 12.11 Blackmore, Susan (May–June 1998). "Abduction by Aliens or Sleep Paralysis?". Skeptical Inquirer (Amherst, NY: Committee for Skeptical Inquiry) 22 (3). ISSN 0194-6730. OCLC 4081591. https://skepticalinquirer.org/1998/05/abduction-by-aliens-or-sleep-paralysis/. 
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 13.2 13.3 13.4 13.5 Sheaffer, Robert (January–February 2016). "Invasion of the Pod People". Skeptical Inquirer 40 (1). https://skepticalinquirer.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/29/2019/03/SI-JF-16.pdf. 
  14. ↑ Lei, Richard (25 June 1997). "ALIEN AUTOPSY". https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1997/06/25/alien-autopsy/98edb5ee-5392-49ec-8176-6b2c233957ef/. 
  15. ↑ Dunning, Brian (21 October 2008). "Betty and Barney Hill: The Original UFO Abduction". https://skeptoid.com/episodes/124. 
  16. ↑ 16.00 16.01 16.02 16.03 16.04 16.05 16.06 16.07 16.08 16.09 16.10 16.11 16.12 16.13 16.14 16.15 16.16 16.17 16.18 16.19 16.20 16.21 Huyghe, Patrick (1996). The Field Guide To Extraterrestrials. Avon Books. ISBN 9780380781287. https://books.google.com/books?id=5QgRAQAAIAAJ. 
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 17.2 Nickell, Joe (September–October 2017). Bigfoot as Big Myth: Seven Phases of Mythmaking. 41. https://skepticalinquirer.org/2017/09/bigfoot-as-big-myth-seven-phases-of-mythmaking/. 
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 18.2 Boston, Rob (1 December 2003). Scenes from a Bigfoot Conference. Skeptical Briefs. 13. https://skepticalinquirer.org/newsletter/scenes-from-a-bigfoot-conference/. 
  19. ↑ Nickell, Joe (19 November 2015). "Bigfoot Roundup: Some Regional Variants Identified as Bears". Skeptical Inquirer. Skeptical Briefs 25.2. https://skepticalinquirer.org/newsletter/bigfoot-roundup-some-regional-variants-identified-as-bears/. 
  20. ↑ Musgrave, Beth (August 22, 2005). "Kelly Green Men get new venue". Lexington Herald-Leader. http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-9560765_ITM. 
  21. ↑ Musgrave, Beth (22 August 2005). "Kelly Green Men get new venue". Lexington Herald-Leader: p. 14. https://www.newspapers.com/clip/81057351/part-1-of-a-story-about-the-kelly-green/. 
  22. ↑ Musgrave, Beth (22 August 2005). "Green | 'It scared him for the rest of his life'". Lexington Herald-Leader. https://www.newspapers.com/clip/81057432/part-2-of-a-story-about-the-kelly-green/. 
  23. ↑ Brown, Jennifer P. (20 August 2017). "A totally new, 48-year-old story on the Kelly Green Men". Kentucky New Era. https://www.kentuckynewera.com/article_f0150f16-c427-547c-bfa5-3d21ffb387d3.html. 
  24. ↑ Nickell, Joe (November 2006). "Siege of 'Little Green Men': The 1955 Kelly, Kentucky, Incident". Skeptical Inquirer (Amherst, NY: Committee for Skeptical Inquiry) 30 (6). ISSN 0194-6730. OCLC 4081591. http://www.csicop.org/si/show/siege_of_little_green_men/. Retrieved 2015-06-03. "[Green] was apparently later injected by the national media, although 'Lucky' Sutton's son now says his father described them as 'silver' with 'a greenish silver glow'...". 
  25. ↑ "UFO expert hypnotizes man to learn more of alleged trip". Casper Star Tribune. 6 November 1975. https://img.newspapers.com/img/img?id=446348140&clippingId=32950536&width=860&height=807&user=3773191. 
  26. ↑ 26.0 26.1 26.2 Simón, Armondo (Summer 1984). "Psychology and UFOs". Skeptical Inquirer VIII (4). https://skepticalinquirer.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/29/2019/03/Issue-04-5.pdf. 
  27. ↑ 27.0 27.1 Haines, Richard F. (1979). UFO phenomena and the Behavioral Scientist. Metuchen, N.J. : Scarecrow Press. p. 275, 341. ISBN 9780810812284. https://books.google.com/books?id=AUHbAAAAMAAJ. 
  28. ↑ 28.0 28.1 28.2 28.3 28.4 Bartholomew, Robert E.; Howard, George S. (1998). "Appendix A: The UFO Contact Catalogue". UFOs & Alien Contact: Two Centuries of Mystery. Globe Pequot Publishing. https://www.google.com/books/edition/UFOs_Alien_Contact/-eNGAQAAIAAJ. 
  29. ↑ 29.0 29.1 29.2 29.3 Beckley, Timothy Green (1981). Book of Space Contacts. Inner Light - Global Communications. https://www.google.com/books/edition/Book_of_Space_Contacts/zE1uAAAACAAJ. 
  30. ↑ Baker, Robert (September–October 1998). "UFOs & Alien Contact: Two Centuries of Mystery". Skeptical Inquirer 22 (5). https://skepticalinquirer.org/1998/09/ufos-alien-contact-two-centuries-of-mystery/. 
  31. ↑ 31.0 31.1 31.2 31.3 31.4 Olmos Ballester, Vincente-Juan (2008). IMAGINATION OR REALITY? THE LANDING AT TURIS (Report). Academia. https://www.academia.edu/39927304/IMAGINATION_OR_REALITY_THE_LANDING_AT_TURIS. Retrieved 24 August 2026. 
  32. ↑ 32.0 32.1 32.2 Neal, Matt (26 September 2020). "'Holy grail' or epic hoax? Australian Kelly Cahill's UFO abduction story still stirs passions". https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-09-26/ufo-abduction-book-kelly-cahill-encounter-eumemmering-australia/12661498. 
  33. ↑ 33.0 33.1 Jinks, Tony (8 November 2011). An Introduction to the Psychology of Paranormal Belief and Experience. McFarland, Incorporated, Publishers. pp. 206–210. ISBN 9780786489169. https://books.google.com/books?id=ylxJ5fXPd7YC. 
  34. ↑ Townsend, Melissa (6 January 2024). "Is Casey Victoria's centre of space invaders?". https://www.heraldsun.com.au/leader/south-east/is-casey-victorias-centre-of-space-invaders/news-story/3543f40f23489c145bfbab1eb5b9ac03. 
  35. ↑ 35.0 35.1 Bolton, Josh (11 June 2021). "The mystery of Studham's little blue alien wearing a one-piece suit and bowler hat". Bedfordshire Live. https://www.bedfordshirelive.co.uk/news/bedfordshire-news/mystery-studhams-little-blue-alien-5519458. 
  36. ↑ 36.0 36.1 "The Little Blue Man of Studham Common". Dunstable District Local History Society Newsletter. https://dunstablehistory.co.uk/newsletters/Newsletter38.pdf. 
  37. ↑ Thomas, Kevin (10 November 1989). "MOVIE REVIEW : Walken Has Purported Close Encounter in 'Communion'". https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1989-11-10-ca-984-story.html. 
  38. ↑ 38.0 38.1 38.2 "UFO Caso Sagrada Família ainda é destaque em revistas". Jornal Nossa História. 16 May 2024. https://jornalnossahistoria.com.br/portal/index.php/2024/05/16/caso-sagrada-familia-ainda-e-destaque-em-revistas/. 
  39. ↑ Osoppo, Mariachiara (Director) (12 December 2022). Alien Cyclops: The Extraordinary Case of Sagrada Familia (Documentary film). United States: Abduction Studio. Event occurs at 44:04. tt24598258. Retrieved 27 August 2026.
  40. ↑ 40.0 40.1 40.2 "Mverouw Dolphijn zog humanoülen rondscharrelen - Vreemde wezens in Uden?". Brabants Dagblad. October 1978. https://images1.persgroep.net/rcs/QUoT5Viaw38W6IrgVqlKP8u1iDg/diocontent/174741347/_fitwidth/534/?appId=21791a8992982cd8da851550a453bd7f&quality=0.7. 
  41. ↑ 41.0 41.1 41.2 van Alebeek, Hans (28 August 2020). "De UFO van Uden blijft een groot mysterie, ook al onderzocht Amerikaans instituut melding uit 1973". Brabants Dagblad. https://www.bd.nl/uden-veghel-e-o/de-ufo-van-uden-blijft-een-groot-mysterie-ook-al-onderzocht-amerikaans-instituut-melding-uit-1973~a5f1d23a/. 
  42. ↑ Trigano, Lyonel; Hugill, John C. (November–December 1968). "STRANGE ENCOUNTER IN VAR". Flying Saucer Review 14 (6). 
  43. ↑ 43.0 43.1 43.2 Nickell, Joe (2 December 2002). Mothman Revisited:Investigating on Site. Skeptical Briefs. 12. https://skepticalinquirer.org/newsletter/mothman-revisitedinvestigating-on-site/. 
  44. ↑ "DES MOINES' NEW MONSTER: Citizens Tell Weird Tells of This Modern Terror". Waterloo Courier. 12 October 1903. https://img.newspapers.com/img/img?id=356564385&clippingId=188025632&width=711&height=2010&user=17601958. 
  45. ↑ "A WINGED MONSTER: Creature Emitting a Dazzling Light Terrifies Hawkeyes.". The Saint Paul Globe. 11 October 1903. https://img.newspapers.com/img/img?id=85102445&clippingId=19497609&width=860&height=1927&user=2352346. 
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  48. ↑ 48.0 48.1 48.2 48.3 Thompson, Richard L. (1993). Parallels: Ancient Insights Into Modern UFO Phenomena. https://www.google.com/books/edition/Parallels/nhTsnAAACAAJ. 
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  50. ↑ 50.0 50.1 Ursch, Blake (4 April 2019). "A Nebraska cop's alleged UFO encounter lives on, thanks to a graphic novel ... and a beer". Omaha World-Herald. https://omaha.com/lifestyles/article_9e87f69c-96d6-5ff9-96f7-dc0e27c9852c.html. 
  51. ↑ 51.0 51.1 Sheaffer, Robert (May–June 2005). "Tsunami Conspiracies and Hollow Moons". The Skeptical Inquirer 29 (3). https://skepticalinquirer.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/29/2019/03/Issue-03-26.pdf. Retrieved 25 July 2026. 
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  56. ↑ Dallavalle, Fabiana (25 November 2024). "Johannis, il pittore che vide gli Ufo: un libro ne ripercorre la storia". https://www.messaggeroveneto.it/cultura-e-spettacoli/johannis-il-pittore-che-vide-gli-ufo-un-libro-ne-ripercorre-la-storia-wx1nfc1h. 
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  58. ↑ 58.0 58.1 58.2 58.3 Radford, Benjamin (15 November 2012). "Men in Black: The UFO Buff's Bogeymen". https://www.livescience.com/24822-men-in-black.html. 
  59. ↑ 59.0 59.1 Bielawa, Michael J.. "Bridgeport's UFO Legacy: Men in Black and the Albert K. Bender Story". https://bportlibrary.org/hc/authors/bridgeports-ufo-legacy-men-in-black-and-the-albert-k-bender-story/. 
  60. ↑ 60.0 60.1 60.2 Dunning, Brian (16 April 2013). "Listener Feedback: Aliens and UFOs (Skeptoid digs into the feedback mailbag and answers questions about aliens and UFOs.)". https://skeptoid.com/episodes/358. 
  61. ↑ 61.0 61.1 Bryan, C. D. B. (1995). Close Encounters of the Fourth Kind: Alien Abduction, UFOs, and the Conference at M.I.T.. New York: Knopf. ISBN 9780679429753. https://archive.org/details/closeencounterso00brya_0. 
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  64. ↑ 64.0 64.1 Clark, Jerome (15 December 2000). Extraordinary Encounters. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 9781576072493. https://books.google.com/books?id=9G7YAAAAMAAJ. 
  65. ↑ 65.0 65.1 "Rowley Regis UFO drama revealed". Halesowen News. 21 October 2008. https://www.halesowennews.co.uk/news/3779199.rowley-regis-ufo-drama-revealed/. 
  66. ↑ 66.0 66.1 "The Weird Invasion of Miniature Aliens in Malaysia". People's Journal. 12 November 2020. https://journal.com.ph/the-weird-invasion-of-miniature-aliens-in-malaysia/. 
  67. ↑ Bryner, Jeanna (30 April 2013). "Alien-Looking Skeleton Poses Medical Mystery". Live Science. https://www.livescience.com/29176-alien-looking-skeleton-poses-medical-mystery.html. 
  68. ↑ Halcrow, Siân E.; Killgrove, Kristina; Robbins Schug, Gwen; Knapp, Michael; Huffer, Damien; Arriaza, Bernardo; Jungers, William; Gunter, Jennifer (September 2018). "On engagement with anthropology: A critical evaluation of skeletal and developmental abnormalities in the Atacama preterm baby and issues of forensic and bioarchaeological research ethics. Response to Bhattacharya et al. "Whole-genome sequencing of Atacama skeleton shows novel mutations linked with dysplasia" in Genome Research, 2018, 28: 423–431. Doi: 10.1101/gr.223693.117". International Journal of Paleopathology 22: 97–100. doi:10.1016/j.ijpp.2018.06.007. ISSN 1879-9817. PMID 30025270. 
  69. ↑ 69.0 69.1 69.2 69.3 Wojciechowski, Eric (November–December 2018). UFOs: Why Humanoid Aliens? Why So Varied?. 42. https://skepticalinquirer.org/2018/11/ufos-why-humanoid-aliens-why-so-varied/. 
  70. ↑ 70.0 70.1 Spencer, John (1991). UFOs: The Definitive Casebook. Hamlyn. p. 88. ISBN 9780600572237. https://books.google.com/books?id=K71MHAAACAAJ. 
  71. ↑ Vallée, Jacques (1969). Passport to Magonia: On UFOs, Folklore, and Parallel Worlds. Contemporary Books. ISBN 9780809237968. https://archive.org/details/passporttomagoni0000vall_m8g5. 
  72. ↑ Carlson, Peter (2004-02-19). "Ike and the Alien Ambassadors" (in en-US). The Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/2004/02/19/ike-and-the-alien-ambassadors/4698e544-1dc8-4573-8b8d-2b48d2a6305e/. 
  73. ↑ Delasara, Jan (2000). "The X-Files and the Zeitgeist of the '90s". PopLit, PopCult, and the X-Files. McFarland. p. 187. ISBN 0-7864-0789-1. https://books.google.com/books?id=7aKTJljercgC&pg=PA187. Retrieved 2020-10-21. 
  74. ↑ Bures, Frank (September 2001). "Aliens, Anomalies, and Absurbity at Mt. Adams". Portland Mercury. http://www.portlandmercury.com/portland/Content?oid=25334&category=34029. 
  75. ↑ Prothero, Donald R.; Callahan, Timothy D. (2 August 2017). UFOs, Chemtrails, and Aliens: What Science Says. Indiana University Press. ISBN 9780253027061. https://books.google.com/books?id=DI8uDwAAQBAJ&q=Plejaren. 
  76. ↑ 76.0 76.1 Battaglia, Debbora (30 January 2006). E.T. Culture: Anthropology in Outerspaces. Duke University Press. pp. 52. ISBN 0822387018. https://books.google.com/books?id=-qv0KDEqOREC&pg=PA52. 
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  83. ↑ Torres, Noe; Uriarte, Ruben (2011). "Aliens in the Forest The Cisco Grove UFO Encounter". https://www.donnersummithistoricalsociety.org/pages/bookreviews/AliensintheForest.html. 
  84. ↑ Perry, Christy (10 July 2021). "Do you believe in the Metal Man?". The Cullman Tribune. https://www.cullmantribune.com/2021/07/10/do-you-believe-in-the-metal-man/. 
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  89. ↑ Wiggs, Kieran (11 June 2025). "Isle of Wight Sandown Clown talk at Bembridge Fort". Isle of Wight County Press. https://www.countypress.co.uk/news/25230121.isle-wight-sandown-clown-talk-bembridge-fort/. 
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  91. ↑ "The Sandown Clown: The Evidence". Sandown, Isle of Wight, United Kingdom. 7 July 2025. https://www.boojumandsnark.co.uk/projects/the-sandown-clown-your-briefing/. 
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