Crimes against humanity

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The concept of crimes against humanity is a part of international customary law, and is not currently recognized by a dedicated international treaty.^[1] The concept was first used in 1915 by the Allied forces of World War I (then France, Great Britain, and Russia) with regards to the mass killings of Armenians within the Ottoman Empire.^[1]

The 1998 Rome Statute establishing the International Criminal Court represents the current consensus on what characterizes crimes against humanity.^[1]^[2] The statute defines crimes against humanity as consisting of three parts: a physical element, a contextual element, and a mental element.^[1]^[2] The physical element consists of any of:^[1]^[2]

“”

Murder
Extermination
Enslavement
Deportation or forcible transfer of population
Imprisonment
Torture
Grave forms of sexual violence
Persecution^{[note 1]}
Enforced disappearance of persons
The crime of apartheid
Other inhumane acts

The contextual element is "when committed as part of a widespread or systematic attack directed against any civilian population."^[1]^[2] The mental element is "with knowledge of the attack."^[1]^[2] Unlike war crimes, crimes against humanity do not need to be linked to an armed conflict.^[1]

The first prosecutions of crimes against humanity were made in 1945 during the Nuremberg trials following the culmination of World War II.^[1] Other prosecutions have been made in connection with:

Wars in the former-Yugoslavia^[1]
Rwandan Genocide^[1]
Civil war in Sierra Leone^[3]
Khmer Rouge^[4]

The ICC has also issued arrest warrants for Vladimir Putin, in connection to the illegal Russian invasion of Ukraine,^[5], and Ismail Haniyeh and Benjamin Netanyahu for war crimes and crimes against humanity committed during the 2023-2024 Gaza War.^[6]

References[edit]

↑ ^1.00 ^1.01 ^1.02 ^1.03 ^1.04 ^1.05 ^1.06 ^1.07 ^1.08 ^1.09 ^1.10 Crimes Against Humanity United Nations Office on Genocide Prevention and the Responsibility to Protect
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 ^2.4 Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (1998)
↑ See the Wikipedia article on Special Court for Sierra Leone.
↑ See the Wikipedia article on Khmer Rouge Tribunal.
↑ "Situation in Ukraine: ICC judges issue arrest warrants against Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin and Maria Alekseyevna Lvova-Belova". International Criminal Court. March 17, 2023.
↑ "What to Know About the I.C.C. Prosecutor’s Request for Warrants for Israeli and Hamas Leaders". New York Times. May 20, 2024.

Notes[edit]

↑ This means real persecution, not the fantasies of whackjobs with a victimhood fetish.

[un-1] 1.00 ^1.01 ^1.02 ^1.03 ^1.04 ^1.05 ^1.06 ^1.07 ^1.08 ^1.09 ^1.10 Crimes Against Humanity United Nations Office on Genocide Prevention and the Responsibility to Protect

[icc-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 ^2.4 Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (1998)

[4] See the Wikipedia article on Special Court for Sierra Leone.

[5] See the Wikipedia article on Khmer Rouge Tribunal.

[6] "Situation in Ukraine: ICC judges issue arrest warrants against Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin and Maria Alekseyevna Lvova-Belova". International Criminal Court. March 17, 2023.

[7] "What to Know About the I.C.C. Prosecutor’s Request for Warrants for Israeli and Hamas Leaders". New York Times. May 20, 2024.

[3] This means real persecution, not the fantasies of whackjobs with a victimhood fetish.

[1]

[2]

[note 1]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

Crimes against humanity

See also[edit]

References[edit]

Notes[edit]