Mahatma Gandhi

Gandhi

Tomorrow is a mystery, but yesterday is History

Secrets of times gone by

Alternate historical chronology Underground Ethnic cleansing Classical mythology Axis Korean War Herodotus Tuskegee syphilis experiment List of atrocities cited by Holocaust deniers Homo floresiensis Cerne Abbas Giant Plymouth Colony v - t - e

Preach to the choir Religion

Crux of the matter

Christianity Judaism Islam Hinduism Buddhism Zoroastrianism Sikhism Jainism

Speak of the devil

Satanism Atheism Antitheism Agnosticism Deism Secularism Humanism Paganism

An act of faith

Jack Mormon Infidel Witchcraft Miracle Resurrection God Omnipresence v - t - e

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (1869–1948), more commonly known as Mahatma^{[note 1]} Gandhi, is a Sid Meier's Civilization leader who beat John Lennon to the iconic glasses. He is best known for nuclear annihilation^[2] waging a long campaign against British Imperialism in India through primarily non-violent means and a series of mass campaigns that included his famous Salt March.^[3]

Gandhi showed how religious beliefs could be used in a positive way, giving an intellectual framework within which to pursue social and political change. In the end, he was assassinated by Hindu Nationalist Nathuram Godse, who felt that Gandhi's promotion of religious tolerance and nonviolence was making Hindus weak, and he was "giving too much" to the Muslims.^[4]

Crank views and questionable behavior[edit]

However, Gandhi was also was a little on the odd side, and certainly not a flawless saint, but rather a hardened criminal, a repeat offender, and a habitual jail-bird.^[5] A number of his views have deservedly come under fire.

A notable example of fostering this trend was the 2005 Penn & Teller: Bullshit! episode Holier Than Thou,^[6] which explored a select number of his views — some of which are examined in greater detail below.

Extreme celibacy[edit]

Though Gandhi took a vow of celibacy at age 38, close associates of his reported that he didn't take it as seriously as he often claimed. Gandhi reportedly experimented with all manner of strategies until his death to "repress" his sexual urges. This led to him issuing some highly questionable directions to his followers and even more questionable practices by him.

The most infamous example is found in Gandhi trying to test his ability to resist the so-called temptations of the material world by sleeping beside his two grandnieces… naked.

This was a policy Gandhi first began when he ran an ashram where wives would not be permitted to sleep beside their husbands (but were required to sleep in the same bed as Gandhi).^[7]

Gandhi himself and the women involved in these experiments, despite this eyebrow-raising behavior, said no sex was involved.

Women[edit]

Speaking of women, Gandhi supporting some empowerment for them and he held women did deserve more freedoms. Some of such quotes include:-

He still urged them to relegate themselves to remaining childbearing housewives.^[9] He also held even more disturbing views than that, most especially regarding sexual freedom, due to his militant dislike of birth control which stemmed from his militant anti-abortion stance, viewing sex as exclusive for married couples only and only to serve for reproduction.

This led to Gandhi infamously stating (in an essay published in 1939 by Liberty Magazine) that women, as well their male partners, who used methods to avoid pregnancy commit a "criminal folly" against God and humanity. Such a blasphemy warranted the punishment of having the offending people "be dispossessed of what they have been given" for refusing to reproduce.^[10] Overall, he advocated sexual abstinence for both women and men.^[11]

This view didn't go unchallenged. Margaret Sanger famously took Gandhi to task on this issue for years after the two first met in India in December 1935.^[12] Incidentally, one of her most famous responses to him was published the same year and in the same magazine as Gandhi's aforementioned essay.^[13]

The worst view Gandhi held in regards to women can be found in chapter 56 of his book My Non-Violence in which he is asked how to defend women from rape. This was his answer.

In a nutshell: if women get raped, it's not only their fault but also their fault for not doing a better job at fighting back against their attackers. So they might want to think about dying quickly before their attackers get done with them.^[14]

Again, as with his infamous celibacy tests, Gandhi's negative views regarding women has been cited specifically by The Guardian as playing a major role in why women's rights still remain very underdeveloped in India.^[15]

Race and politics[edit]

Gandhi displayed bigotry toward the native black population in South Africa during his early life, though he reversed these views in the early 1900s after encountering African bravery in war and reading Jean Finot's Race Prejudice.^[16] During his first decade in the region, Gandhi wasn't at all ashamed to admit his dislike of having to co-exist with the local South African population. He was vocal in saying that they were to be treated with less civility than Indians like himself.

This is evidenced by the numerous articles and correspondence he wrote during the early portion of the period he spent in the region from from 1893 to 1914. These writings confirm that Gandhi spent a great deal of time and effort in actively supporting the racial separation of Indians from the region's native black South Africans. His reasoning for this in a nutshell: Indians should not be "dragged down to the position of a raw Kaffir".

The use of the word "Kaffir" is a dead giveaway to Gandhi's bigotry, as the word itself is the South African equivalent of the term nigger. Gandhi used the term approximately half-a-dozen times in his pre-1907 writings when describing the local native black population. Gandhi explained his reasoning in a letter of grievance dated August 14, 1896.

However, Gandhi transformed these views later in life, abandoning belief in racial hierarchy during the period of 1907-1909 and adopting a position of solidarity with all races downtrodden under imperialism.

By 1910, Gandhi in his newspaper Indian Opinion remarked that:

By 1911, Gandhi had begun regular correspondence with revolutionary Black figures such as W.E.B. DuBois, Marcus Garvey, John Dube, and S.S. Tema and began to associate his own quest of freedom for Indian peoples with freedom for all races.

Speaking of the Black races who “are ground down under exploitation,” he proclaimed, “Our deliverance must mean their deliverance. But, if that cannot come about, I should have no interest in a partnership with Britain, even if it were of benefit to India.”^[19] and declaring that if Indian rights conflicted with African “vital interests”, he would “advise the forgoing of those rights.”^[20] This shift away from his racist past and move towards solidarity with African and African-American interests helped lead to Gandhi becoming a role model for Black freedom fighters, most famously Martin Luther King, Jr. but also Nelson Mandela, Kwame Nkrumah, Albert Luthuli, Desmond Tutu, Julius Nyerere, Kenneth Kaunda, and others.^[21]

Gandhi also discussed communism and socialism and said that they are not the same as asserted by Europeans and Americans.^[22] Gandhi was also inspired by Leo Tolstoy; suggesting some anarchist influences on his ideology, specifically religious anarchism, the form Tolstoy practiced.^[23]

Gandhi was also a bit of a Hitler apologist during his rise. He is documented specifically as being supportive of Hitler and his regime, as evidenced in a letter addressed in May 1940 to Rajkumari Amrit Kaur (later the Health Minister in the Indian Cabinet):^[24][25]

His views on this matter did change after observing that Hitler had a violent dislike of people different from him. Even then he's recorded as having made weird comments about the Holocaust,^[26] showing that pacifism, just like any other ideology, can be taken to an extreme.

He also opposed Imperial Japan in a timely fashion and discouraged Indians from joining them.

Anti-vaccination crankery[edit]

Gandhi also engaged in smallpox vaccine denialism. His most notable condemnation of vaccines can still be found in chapter 6 of the second part of his book A Guide to Health, which he dedicates entirely to pseudoscientific criticisms of the smallpox vaccine and pushing Ayurveda woo in its place (continuing the practice from chapter 5).^[28]

It also violated his religious instincts, his vegetarianism, and his notion of purity. Many medical remedies contained alcohol or animal substances, and in one of the articles published in 1913, he was very clear about his views, where he promoted religious fear-mongering against the science of vaccination.^[29]

In the same book and in the same chapter, Gandhi also espouses germ theory denialism, stating:^[30]

External links[edit]

• Gandhi's reincarnation.
• Mahatma Gandhi Quotes
• The Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi Online

Notes[edit]

References[edit]