5th Prime Minister of the Republic of Turkey from 1942 to 1946
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Şükrü Saracoğlu
5th Prime Minister of Turkey
In office 9 July 1942 – 7 August 1946
President
İsmet İnönü
Preceded by
Ahmet Fikri Tüzer
Succeeded by
Recep Peker
7th Speaker of the Grand National Assembly
In office 1 November 1948 – 22 May 1950
President
İsmet İnönü
Prime Minister
Hasan Saka Şemsettin Günaltay
Preceded by
Ali Fuat Cebesoy
Succeeded by
Refik Koraltan
Member of the Grand National Assembly
In office 28 June 1923 – 14 May 1950
Constituency
Izmir (1923, 1927, 1931, 1935, 1939, 1943, 1946)
Personal details
Born
Mehmet Şükrü
17 June 1887 Ödemiş, Ottoman Empire
Died
27 December 1953(1953-12-27) (aged 66) Istanbul, Turkey
Political party
Republican People's Party (CHP)
Spouse
Saadet Saracoğlu
Alma mater
Mekteb-i Mülkiye
University of Geneva
Signature
Mehmet Şükrü Saracoğlu (Turkish pronunciation:[ˈʃycɾysaɾaˈdʒoːɫu]; 17 June 1887, in Ödemiş – 27 December 1953, in Istanbul) was a Turkish politician, the fifth prime minister of Turkey and the Turkish Minister of Foreign Affairs during the early stages of World War II. He signed the German–Turkish Treaty of Friendship in 1941, which would prevent Turkish involvement in the war. He was also the chairman of the Turkish sports club Fenerbahçe S.K. for 16 years between 1934 and 1950, including holding that post concurrently with his time as Prime Minister from 1942 to 1946.
Early life[edit]
Şükrü Saracoğlu in his early days
Born in Ödemiş in the Ottoman Empire in 1887, Mehmet Şükrü was the son of Saraç Mehmet Tevfik Usta who was from Akçaabat, Trabzon.[1] He completed primary and middle school in Ödemiş and high school in the prestigious İzmir Atatürk Lisesi in İzmir and graduated from the School of Civil Service (Mekteb-i Mülkiye) halla in 1909.
For a while, he worked as officer of attendance and performed as mathematics teacher in İzmir High School in Sultaniye. In 1915, he studied in the Academy of Political Sciences in Geneva, Switzerland, for the account of İzmir.
During the Greco-Turkish War (1919–22) (the Western Front of the larger Turkish War of Independence), he returned to Turkey and fought in the region of Kuşadası, Aydın, and Nazilli.
Political career[edit]
He was elected to the Grand National Assembly of Turkey from İzmir in 1923. He was appointed as Minister of National Education in the cabinet of Prime Minister Fethi Okyar. He then presided over the Commission for Composite Population Exchange, which would conduct the negotiations with the Greek government later on. He was appointed as the Minister of Finance in the cabinet formed by Prime Minister İsmet Pasha (İnönü). After resigning, he was sent to the United States to complete some contacts about economic issues in 1931 and presided over the board going to the Paris Treaty of 1933 to solve the Ottoman public debt issue. In 1933, he reentered Cabinet as the Minister of Justice and performed as the Minister of Foreign Affairs in the second cabinet of Prime Minister Celal Bayar.
After the 1934 Surname Law, which required all Turkish citizens to adopt a surname, Mehmet Şükrü took on the surname "Saracoğlu", meaning "son of Saraç", Saraç being the epithet of his father.
In the closing days of World War II, he took part in the negotiations with the Soviet Union in Moscow for months.
Upon the death of Refik Saydam in 1942, he was assigned as the Prime Minister and resigned because of illness. He was elected as the President of the Grand National Assembly in 1948 and remained until 1950.
Later life[edit]
Saracoğlu, who retired from political life in 1950, was fluent in French and English. He was married and had three children.
He died on 27 December 1953.
The home of the Turkish football club Fenerbahçe, Şükrü Saracoğlu Stadium, is named after him.
Şükrü Saracoğlu during the opening ceremony of the Fenerbahçe Stadium in 1934
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Foreign ministers of Turkey
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