John Boehner (R) (until October 29, 2015) Paul Ryan (R) (from October 29, 2015)
Sessions
1st: January 6, 2015 – December 18, 2015 2nd: January 4, 2016 – January 3, 2017
House of Representatives member pin for the 114th U.S. Congress
The 114th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States of America federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from January 3, 2015, to January 3, 2017, during the final two years of Barack Obama's presidency. The seats in the House were apportioned based on the 2010 United States census.[1][2][3]
The 2014 elections gave the Republicans control of the Senate and the House for the first time since the 109th Congress. With 248 seats in the House of Representatives and 54 seats in the Senate, this Congress began with the largest Republican majority since the 71st Congress of 1929–1931. As of 2025[update], this was the most recent Congress in which the Senate was controlled by the opposing party of the president for its entire session.
Major events
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President Barack Obama gave the State of the Union Address on January 20, 2015Prime Minister of Israel Benjamin Netanyahu addressed Congress on March 3, 2015Secretary of State John Kerry, Secretary of Energy Ernest Moniz, and Secretary of the Treasury Jack Lew defended the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action at a hearing of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee on July 23, 2015Pope Francis addressed Congress September 24, 2015.
Main articles: 2015 in the United States, 2016 in the United States, and 2017 in the United States
January 6, 2015: Incumbent Speaker of the House John Boehner was re-elected even though several members of his own party once again chose not to vote for him.[4] He received 216 votes, a majority of the votes cast, but two votes shy of a majority of the full membership.[5]
January 20, 2015: 2015 State of the Union Address
March 3, 2015: Prime Minister of Israel Benjamin Netanyahu addressed a joint session of Congress regarding sanctions against Iran. Netanyahu was invited by Speaker John Boehner without consulting President Obama.[6][7]
March 9, 2015: U.S. Senator Tom Cotton wrote and sent a letter to the leadership of the Islamic Republic of Iran, signed by 47 of the Senate's 54 Republicans, attempting to cast doubt on the Obama administration's authority to engage in nuclear-proliferation negotiations with Iran.[8]
March 25, 2015: Afghanistan President Ashraf Ghani addressed a joint session of Congress.[9]
April 29, 2015: Japanese Prime Minister Shinzō Abe addressed a joint session of Congress,[10][11] becoming the first Japanese leader to do so.[10]
September 24, 2015: Pope Francis addressed a joint session of Congress,[12] becoming the first Pope to do so.
September 25, 2015: House Speaker John Boehner announced that he would resign as Speaker and from the House at the end of October 2015.[13][14] Subsequently, Majority Leader Kevin McCarthy, the presumptive favorite to succeed John Boehner, unexpectedly withdrew his candidacy for the office.[15]
October 29, 2015: Paul Ryan was elected to succeed John Boehner as Speaker of the House receiving 236 votes (of 432 votes cast).[5] He is the youngest Speaker since James G. Blaine in 1869.[16]
January 12, 2016: 2016 State of the Union Address
June 8, 2016: Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi addressed a joint session of Congress.[17]
June 22–23, 2016: In the wake of the Orlando nightclub shooting, Congress debated gun control reform.[18] The U.S. House recessed for the July 4 holiday during a sit-in protest held by Democrats that halted business in the chamber for more than 24 hours.
November 8, 2016: Donald Trump and Mike Pence elected as president and vice-president in presidential elections, while the Republicans retain majority at both Senate and House of Representatives.
Major legislation
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Enacted
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Main article: List of acts of the 114th United States Congress
January 12, 2015: Terrorism Risk Insurance Program Reauthorization Act of 2015, Pub. L. 114–1 (text)(PDF)
February 27, 2015: Protecting Volunteer Firefighters and Emergency Responders Act, Pub.L. 114-3
March 4, 2015: Department of Homeland Security Appropriations Act, 2015, Pub.L. 114-4
April 16, 2015: Medicare Access and CHIP Reauthorization Act of 2015, Pub. L. 114–10 (text)(PDF)
May 22, 2015: Iran Nuclear Agreement Review Act of 2015, Pub. L. 114–17 (text)(PDF)
May 29, 2015: Justice for Victims of Trafficking Act of 2015, Pub. L. 114–22 (text)(PDF)
June 2, 2015: USA FREEDOM Act: Uniting and Strengthening America by Fulfilling Rights and Ensuring Effective Discipline Over Monitoring Act of 2015, Pub. L. 114–23 (text)(PDF)
June 29, 2015: Trade Preferences Extension Act of 2015, Pub. L. 114–27 (text)(PDF)
July 6, 2015: Department of Homeland Security Interoperable Communications Act, Pub. L. 114–29 (text)(PDF)
September 25, 2015: Gerardo Hernandez Airport Security Act of 2015, Pub.L. 114-50
September 30, 2015: National Winstorm Impact Reduction Act Reauthorization of 2015, Pub.L. 114-52
November 2, 2015: Bipartisan Budget Act of 2015, Pub. L. 114–74 (text)(PDF)
November 5, 2015: Librarian of Congress Succession Modernization Act of 2015, Pub. L. 114–86 (text)(PDF)
November 25, 2015: National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2016, Pub.L. 114-92
December 4, 2015: Fixing America's Surface Transportation (FAST) Act, Pub. L. 114–94 (text)(PDF)[19]
December 10, 2015: Every Student Succeeds Act, Pub. L. 114–95 (text)(PDF)
December 18, 2015: Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2016 (including the Visa Waiver Program Improvement and Terrorist Travel Prevention Act of 2015), Pub. L. 114–113 (text)(PDF)
December 28, 2015: Microbead-Free Waters Act of 2015, Pub. L. 114–114 (text)(PDF)
January 28, 2016: Grants Oversight and New Efficiency (GONE) Act, Pub.L. 114-117
February 8, 2016: International Megan's Law to Prevent Sexual Exploitation and Other Crimes Through Advanced Notification of Traveling Sex Offenders, Pub.L. 114-119
February 8, 2016: Coast Guard Authorization Act of 2015, Pub. L. 114–120 (text)(PDF)
February 24, 2016: Internet Tax Freedom Act contained in Trade Facilitation and Trade Enforcement Act of 2015, Pub. L. 114–125 (text)(PDF)[20]
May 9, 2016: Protect and Preserve International Cultural Property Act, Pub.L. 114-151
June 28, 2016: Frank R. Lautenberg Chemical Safety for the 21st Century Act, Pub. L. 114-182
June 30, 2016: Puerto Rico Oversight, Management, and Economic Stability Act (PROMESA), Pub.L. 114-187
July 20, 2016: Global Food Security Act of 2016, Pub. L. 114–195 (text)(PDF)
July 29, 2016: Making Electronic Government Accountable By Yielding Tangible Efficiences (MEGABYTE) Act of 2016, Pub.L. 114-210
September 28, 2016: Justice Against Sponsors of Terrorism Act, Pub. L. 114–222 (text)(PDF)
September 29, 2016: Continuing Appropriations and Military Construction, Veterans Affairs, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2017, and Zika Response and Preparedness Act, Pub.L. 114-223
December 16, 2016: Frank R. Wolf International Religious Freedom Act, Pub. L. 114-281
December 16, 2016: United States-Israel Advanced Research Partnership Act of 2016, Pub.L. 114-304
December 16, 2016: Holocaust Expropriated Art Recovery (HEAR) Act of 2016, Pub.L. 114-308
December 16, 2016: Foreign Cultural Exchange Jurisdictional Immunity Clarification Act, Pub.L. 114-319
December 23, 2016: National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017, Pub.L. 114-328
January 6, 2017: American Innovation and Competitiveness Act, Pub.L. 114-329
Proposed
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Main article: List of bills in the 114th United States Congress
Vetoed
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February 24, 2015: Keystone XL Pipeline Approval Act (S. 1)
March 31, 2015: A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the National Labor Relations Board relating to representation case procedures. (S.J.Res. 8)
October 22, 2015: National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2016 (H.R. 1735)
December 19, 2015: A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of a rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Standards of Performance for Greenhouse Gas Emissions from New, Modified, and Reconstructed Stationary Sources: Electric Utility Generating Units" (S.J.Res. 23)
December 19, 2015: A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of a rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Carbon Pollution Emission Guidelines for Existing Stationary Sources: Electric Utility Generating Units" (S.J.Res. 24)
January 8, 2016: The Restoring Americans' Healthcare Freedom Reconciliation Act of 2015 (H.R. 3762)
January 19, 2016: A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Corps of Engineers and the Environmental Protection Agency relating to the definition of "waters of the United States" under the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (S.J.Res. 22)
June 8, 2016: A joint resolution disapproving the rule submitted by the Department of Labor relating to the definition of the term "Fiduciary" (H.J.Res. 88)
July 22, 2016: Presidential Allowance Modernization Act of 2016 (H.R. 1777)
September 23, 2016: Justice Against Sponsors of Terrorism Act (S. 2040) (Passed over Veto)
Democratic Caucus Vice Chair and Policy Committee Chairman: Chuck Schumer[25]
Democratic Caucus Secretary: Patty Murray
Senatorial Campaign Committee Chairman: Jon Tester[25]
Policy Committee Vice Chairwoman: Debbie Stabenow
Policy Committee Strategic Policy Adviser: Elizabeth Warren[25]
Policy Committee Policy Development Adviser: Mark Warner
Steering and Outreach Committee Chairwoman: Amy Klobuchar[25]
Steering and Outreach Committee Vice Chairwoman: Jeanne Shaheen
House of Representatives
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See also: January 2015 Speaker of the United States House of Representatives election and October 2015 Speaker of the United States House of Representatives election
House Speaker
John Boehner (R), until October 29, 2015
Paul Ryan (R), from October 29, 2015
Speaker: John Boehner (R), until October 29, 2015
Paul Ryan (R), from October 29, 2015
Majority (Republican) leadership
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Majority Leader: Kevin McCarthy
Majority Whip: Steve Scalise
Majority Chief Deputy Whip: Patrick McHenry
Senior Deputy Whips: Kristi Noem, Dennis Ross, Aaron Schock (until March 31, 2015), Steve Stivers, Ann Wagner
Chief Deputy Minority Whips: G. K. Butterfield, Diana DeGette, Keith Ellison, Jan Schakowsky, Kyrsten Sinema, Debbie Wasserman Schultz, Peter Welch
Democratic Caucus Chairman: Xavier Becerra
Democratic Caucus Vice-Chairman: Joe Crowley
Democratic Campaign Committee Chairman: Ben Ray Luján
Steering and Policy Committee Co-Chairs: Rosa DeLauro (Steering) and Donna Edwards (Policy)
Organization, Study, and Review Chairwoman: Karen Bass
Policy and Communications Chairman: Steve Israel
Members
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Senate
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Senators are listed by state and then by Senate classes, In this Congress, Class 3 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring re-election in 2016; Class 1 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring re-election in 2018; and Class 2 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring re-election in 2020.
▌Puerto Rico. Pedro Pierluisi (Resident Commissioner) (D/PNP)[m]
▌United States Virgin Islands. Stacey Plaskett (D)
Members of the U.S. House of Representatives, July 22, 2015Composition of the House by district (2014 election results). Bright red are pick-ups by Republicans, bright blue are pick-ups by Democrats.Percentage of members from each party by state, ranging from dark blue (most Democratic) to dark red (most Republican).
House majority leadership
Republican leader Kevin McCarthy
Republican whip Steve Scalise
House minority leadership
Democratic leader Nancy Pelosi
Democratic whip Steny Hoyer
Changes in membership
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Senate
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There were no changes in Senate membership during this Congress.
House of Representatives
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See also: List of special elections to the United States House of Representatives
Incumbent resigned June 23, 2016, following a conviction of corruption charges.[36] A special election was held November 8, 2016.[37]
Dwight Evans (D)
November 14, 2016
Hawaii 1st
Mark Takai (D)
Incumbent died July 20, 2016.[38] A special election was held November 8, 2016.[39]
Colleen Hanabusa (D)
November 14, 2016
Kentucky 1st
Ed Whitfield (R)
Incumbent resigned September 6, 2016, following an ethics investigation.[40] A special election was held November 8, 2016.[41]
James Comer (R)
November 14, 2016
California 44th
Janice Hahn (D)
Incumbent resigned December 4, 2016, to become a member of the Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors.[42] No special election was held and the seat remained vacant until the next Congress. Hahn did not run for re-election in 2016.
Vacant until the next Congress
Michigan's 10th
Candice Miller (R)
Incumbent resigned December 31, 2016, to become Macomb County Public Works Commissioner.[43] No special election was held and the seat remained vacant until the next Congress. Miller did not run for re-election in 2016.
^In Michigan's 10th district: Candice Miller (R) resigned December 31, 2016.
^ abSenators King (ME) and Sanders (VT) had no political affiliation but caucused with the Democratic Party.
^ abcdefgh The Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party (DFL) and the North Dakota Democratic-Nonpartisan League Party (D-NPL) are the Minnesota and North Dakota affiliates of the U.S. Democratic Party and are counted as Democrats.
^ abHeitshusen, Valerie; Beth, Richard S. (January 4, 2019). "Speakers of the House: Elections, 1913–2019"(PDF). CRS Report for Congress. Washington, D.C.: Congressional Research Service, the Library of Congress. Retrieved January 31, 2019.