2016 CP31

2016 CP₃₁
Discovery
Discovered by	Catalina Sky Survey
Discovery date	7 February 2016
Designations
MPC designation	2016 CP31
Minor planet category	Martian L5
Orbital characteristics
	Epoch 31 May 2020 (JD 2459000.5)
	Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc	1652 days (4.52 yr)
Aphelion	1.61311791 AU (241.319005 Gm)
Perihelion	1.4341118 AU (214.54007 Gm)
Semi-major axis	1.52361487 AU (227.929540 Gm)
Eccentricity	0.0587439
Orbital period (sidereal)	1.88 yr (686.92802 d)
Mean anomaly	122.0549°
Mean motion	0° 31m 26.661s /day
Inclination	23.130505°
Longitude of ascending node	154.488290°
Argument of perihelion	329.2083°
Earth MOID	0.455015 AU (68.0693 Gm)
Jupiter MOID	3.39497 AU (507.880 Gm)
Physical characteristics
Mean diameter	400 m
Geometric albedo	0.5-0.05 (assumed)
Absolute magnitude (H)	19.5

2016 CP₃₁ is a small asteroid and Mars trojan orbiting near the L₅ point of Mars (60 degrees behind Mars on its orbit).^[2]^[3]^[4]

Discovery, orbit and physical properties

2016 CP₃₁ was first observed on 7 February 2016 by the Catalina Sky Survey; the Pan-STARRS 1 telescope system at Haleakala had imaged this object on 14 January 2016 without identifying it as an asteroid.^[5] Its orbit is characterized by low eccentricity (0.059), moderate inclination (23.1°) and a semi-major axis of 1.52 AU.^[5] Upon discovery, it was classified as Mars-crosser by the Minor Planet Center. Its orbit is well determined as it is currently (January 2021) based on 131 observations with a data-arc span of 1652 days.^[1] 2016 CP₃₁ has an absolute magnitude of 19.5 which gives a characteristic diameter of 400 m.^[1]

Mars trojan and orbital evolution

Recent calculations indicate that it is a stable L₅ Mars trojan.^[2] It may not be a member of the so-called Eureka family.^{[citation needed]}

Mars trojan

L₄ (leading):

(121514) 1999 UJ7 †

L₅ (trailing):

5261 Eureka (1990 MB) †
(101429) 1998 VF31 †
(311999) 2007 NS2 †
(385250) 2001 DH47
2009 SE
2011 SC191
2011 SL25
2011 SP189
2011 UB256
2011 UN63
2016 CP31
2018 EC4
2018 FC4

References

^ ^a ^b ^c "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: (2016 CP31)". Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 12 January 2021.
^ ^a ^b Christou, Apostolos A.; Borisov, Galin; Dell'Oro, Aldo; Jacobson, Seth A.; Cellino, Alberto; Unda-Sanzana, Eduardo (January 2020). "Population control of Mars Trojans by the Yarkovsky & YORP effects". Icarus. 335 (1): 113370 (34 pages). arXiv:1907.12858. Bibcode:2020Icar..33513370C. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2019.07.004. S2CID 198985887.
^ Christou, Apostolos A.; Borisov, Galin; Dell'Oro, Aldo; Cellino, Alberto; Devogèle, Maxime (January 2021). "Composition and origin of L₅ Trojan asteroids of Mars: Insights from spectroscopy". Icarus. 354 (1): 113994 (22 pages). arXiv:2010.10947. Bibcode:2021Icar..35413994C. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2020.113994. S2CID 224814529.
^ de la Fuente Marcos, Carlos; de la Fuente Marcos, Raúl (March 2021). "Using Mars co-orbitals to estimate the importance of rotation-induced YORP break-up events in Earth co-orbital space". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 501 (4): 6007–6025. arXiv:2101.02563. Bibcode:2021MNRAS.501.6007D. doi:10.1093/mnras/stab062.
^ ^a ^b MPC data on 2016 CP31

External links

2016 CP₃₁ data at MPC.
2016 CP31 at AstDyS-2, Asteroids—Dynamic Site
- Ephemeris · Observation prediction · Orbital info · Proper elements · Observational info
2016 CP31 at the JPL Small-Body Database
- Close approach · Discovery · Ephemeris · Orbit viewer · Orbit parameters · Physical parameters

[jpl-1] "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: (2016 CP31)". Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 12 January 2021.

[MTAchristou1-2] Christou, Apostolos A.; Borisov, Galin; Dell'Oro, Aldo; Jacobson, Seth A.; Cellino, Alberto; Unda-Sanzana, Eduardo (January 2020). "Population control of Mars Trojans by the Yarkovsky & YORP effects". Icarus. 335 (1): 113370 (34 pages). arXiv:1907.12858. Bibcode:2020Icar..33513370C. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2019.07.004. S2CID 198985887.

[MTAchristou2-3] Christou, Apostolos A.; Borisov, Galin; Dell'Oro, Aldo; Cellino, Alberto; Devogèle, Maxime (January 2021). "Composition and origin of L₅ Trojan asteroids of Mars: Insights from spectroscopy". Icarus. 354 (1): 113994 (22 pages). arXiv:2010.10947. Bibcode:2021Icar..35413994C. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2020.113994. S2CID 224814529.

[MTAmarcos-4] Fuente Marcos, Carlos; de la Fuente Marcos, Raúl (March 2021). "Using Mars co-orbitals to estimate the importance of rotation-induced YORP break-up events in Earth co-orbital space". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 501 (4): 6007–6025. arXiv:2101.02563. Bibcode:2021MNRAS.501.6007D. doi:10.1093/mnras/stab062.

[mpc-5] MPC data on 2016 CP31

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