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    Minimalist film

    From Wikipedia - Reading time: 16 min

    Minimalist cinema is related to the art and philosophy of minimalism.

    Background

    [edit]

    In film, minimalism usually is associated with filmmakers such as Robert Bresson, Chantal Akerman, Carl Theodor Dreyer, and Yasujirō Ozu. Their films typically tell a simple story with straightforward camera usage and minimal use of score. Paul Schrader named their kind of cinema: "transcendental cinema".[1] In the present, a commitment to minimalist filmmaking can be seen in film movements such as Dogme 95, mumblecore, and the Romanian New Wave. Abbas Kiarostami,[2] Elia Suleiman,[3] and Kelly Reichardt are also considered minimalist filmmakers.

    The Minimalists – Joshua Fields Millburn, Ryan Nicodemus, and Matt D'Avella – directed and produced the film Minimalism: A Documentary,[4] which showcased the idea of minimal living in the modern world.

    Notable filmmakers

    [edit]

    This type of film includes the works of directors like:

    List of notable minimalist films

    [edit]

    20th century

    [edit]
    • The Passion of Joan of Arc (Carl Theodore Dreyer, 1928)
    • Dots (Norman McLaren, 1940)
    • Paisan (Roberto Rossellini, 1946)
    • Rope (Alfred Hitchcock, 1948)
    • I Shot Jesse James (Samuel Fuller, 1949)
    • Gerald McBoing Boing (Robert Cannon, 1951)
    • Monsieur Hulot's Holiday (Jacques Tati, 1953)
    • The Tell Tale Heart (Ted Parmelee, 1953)
    • Tokyo Story (Yasujirō Ozu, 1953)
    • Billy Boy (Tex Avery, 1954)
    • The Big Combo (Joseph H. Lewis, 1955)
    • Ordet (Carl Theodore Dreyer, 1955)
    • A Man Escaped (Robert Bresson, 1956)
    • Invasion of the Body Snatchers (Don Siegel, 1956)
    • The Red Balloon (Albert Lamorisse, 1956)
    • 12 Angry Men (Sidney Lumet, 1957)
    • Elevator to the Gallows (Louis Malle, 1958)
    • Murder by Contract (Irving Lerner, 1958)
    • Plan 9 from Outer Space (Ed Wood, 1959)
    • Surogat (Dušan Vukotić, 1961)
    • An Autumn Afternoon (Yasujirō Ozu, 1962)
    • Eegah (Arch Hall Sr., 1962)
    • Winter Light (Ingmar Bergman, 1963)
    • Diamonds of the Night (Jan Němec, 1964)
    • Fail Safe (Sidney Lumet, 1964)
    • Red Desert (Michelangelo Antonioni, 1964)
    • Au hasard Balthazar (Robert Bresson, 1966)
    • Mouchette (Robert Bresson, 1967)
    • Playtime (Jacques Tati, 1967)
    • Wavelength (Michael Snow, 1967)
    • The Fly (Vladimir Jutrisa and Aleksandar Marks, 1968)
    • 2001: A Space Odyssey (Stanley Kubrick, 1968)
    • Surface Tension (Hollis Frampton, 1968)
    • Bambi Meets Godzilla (Marv Newland, 1969)
    • Lemon (Hollis Frampton, 1969)
    • Serene Velocity (Ernie Gehr, 1970)
    • Duel (Steven Spielberg, 1971)
    • Two-Lane Blacktop (Monte Hellman, 1971)
    • Silent Running (Douglas Trumbull, 1972)
    • Fantastic Planet (Rene Laloux, 1973)
    • Dark Star (John Carpenter, 1974)
    • Sisyphus (Marcell Jankovics, 1974)
    • Grey Gardens (Albert and David Maysles, 1975)
    • Jeanne Dielman, 23 quai du Commerce, 1080 Bruxelles (Chantal Ackerman, 1975)
    • Assault on Precinct 13 (John Carpenter, 1976)
    • Taxi Driver (Martin Scorsese, 1976)
    • David (Paul Driessen, 1977)
    • Suspiria (Dario Argento, 1977)
    • Days of Heaven (Terrence Malick, 1978)
    • The Driver (Walter Hill, 1978)
    • Halloween (John Carpenter 1978)
    • Mad Max (George Miller, 1979)
    • My Dinner with Andre (Louis Malle, 1981)
    • Liquid Sky (Slava Tsukerman, 1982)
    • Koyaanisqatsi (Godfrey Reggio, 1983)
    • Charade (Jon Minnis, 1984)
    • Secret Honor (Robert Altman, 1984)
    • Stop Making Sense (Jonathan Demme, 1984)
    • Stranger Than Paradise (Jim Jarmusch, 1984)
    • Down by Law (Jim Jarmusch, 1986)
    • Luxo Jr. (John Lasseter, 1986)
    • Full Metal Jacket (Stanley Kubrick, 1987)
    • Swimming to Cambodia (Jonathan Demme, 1987)
    • Alice (Jan Svankmajer, 1988)
    • It's Impossible to Learn to Plow by Reading Books (Richard Linklater, 1988)
    • Leningrad Cowboys Go America (Aki Kaurismaki, 1989)
    • The Seventh Continent (Michael Haneke, 1989)
    • The Match Factory Girl, (Aki Kaurismäki, 1990)
    • Metropolitan (Whit Stillman, 1990)
    • Blue (Derek Jarman, 1993)
    • Chungking Express (Wong Kar-wai, 1994)
    • Clerks (Kevin Smith, 1994)
    • Before Sunrise (Richard Linklater, 1995) and the sequels Before Sunset (2004) and Before Midnight (2013)
    • Safe (Todd Haynes, 1995)
    • Gattaca (Andrew Niccol, 1997)
    • Little Dieter Needs to Fly (Werner Herzog, 1997)
    • A Taste of Cherry (Abbas Kiarostami, 1997)
    • Festen (Thomas Vinterberg, 1998)
    • American Beauty (Sam Mendes, 1999)
    • The Blair Witch Project (Daniel Myrick and Eduardo Sánchez, 1999)
    • The Wind Will Carry Us (Abbas Kiarostami, 1999)

    21st century

    [edit]
    • Cast Away (Robert Zemeckis, 2000)
    • In the Mood for Love (Wong Kar-wai, 2000)
    • Unbreakable (M. Night Shyamalan, 2000)
    • Y tu mamá también (Alfonso Cuarón, 2001)
    • Tape (Richard Linklater, 2001)
    • Gerry (Gus van Sant, 2002)
    • Ten (Abbas Kiarostami, 2002)
    • Dogville (Lars von Trier, 2003)
    • Open Water (Chris Kentis, 2003)
    • The Triplets of Belleville (Sylvain Chomet, 2003)
    • Napoleon Dynamite (Jared Hess, 2004)
    • Brick (Rian Johnson, 2005)
    • The Death of Mr. Lazarescu (Cristi Puiu, 2005)
    • Hard Candy (David Slade, 2005)
    • Old Joy (Kelly Reichardt, 2006)
    • I'm Not There (Todd Haynes, 2007)
    • Once (John Carney, 2007)
    • There Will Be Blood (Paul Thomas Anderson, 2007)
    • Baghead (Jay and Mark Duplass, 2008)
    • WALL-E (Andrew Stanton, 2008)
    • Wendy and Lucy (Kelly Reichardt, 2008)
    • 500 Days of Summer (Marc Webb, 2009)
    • Moon (Duncan Jones, 2009)
    • 127 Hours (Danny Boyle, 2010)
    • Beyond the Black Rainbow (Panos Cosmatos, 2010)
    • Winter's Bone (Debra Granik, 2010)
    • Hanna (Joe Wright, 2011)
    • Once Upon a Time in Anatolia (Nuri Bilge Ceylan, 2011)
    • The Turin Horse (Ágnes Hranitzky and Bela Tarr, 2011)
    • It's Such a Beautiful Day (Don Hertzfeldt, 2012)
    • The Master (Paul Thomas Anderson, 2012)
    • Moonrise Kingdom (Wes Anderson, 2012)
    • All Is Lost (J.C. Chandor, 2013)
    • Gravity (Alfonso Cuarón, 2013)
    • Her (Spike Jonze, 2013)
    • Locke (Steven Knight, 2013)
    • Only Lovers Left Alive (Jim Jarmusch, 2013)
    • Under the Skin (Jonathan Glazer, 2013)
    • Visitors (Godfrey Reggio, 2013)
    • Ex Machina (Alex Garland, 2014)
    • It Follows (David Robert Mitchell, 2014)
    • The Killing of a Sacred Deer (Yorgos Lanthimos, 2015)
    • The Revenant (Alejandro González Iñárritu, 2015)
    • Room (Lenny Abrahamson, 2015)
    • Certain Women (Kelly Reichardt, 2016)
    • My Life as a Zucchini (Claude Barras, 2016)
    • Piper (Alan Barillaro, 2016)
    • The Red Turtle (Michael Dudok de Wit, 2016)
    • 10 Cloverfield Lane (Dan Trachtenberg, 2016)
    • Lady Bird (Greta Gerwig, 2017)
    • The Rider (Chloé Zhao, 2017)
    • A Quiet Place (John Krasinski, 2018)
    • Roma (Alfonso Cuarón, 2018)
    • Away (Gints Zilbalodis, 2019)
    • First Cow (Kelly Reichardt, 2019)
    • Sound of Metal (Darius Marder, 2019)
    • Friend of the World (Brian Patrick Butler, 2020)
    • If Anything Happens I Love You (Will McCormack and Michael Govier, 2020)
    • Minari (Lee Isaac Chung, 2020)
    • Nomadland (Chloé Zhao, 2020)
    • Wolfwalkers (Tomm Moore and Ross Stewart, 2020)
    • The Woman Who Ran (Hong Sang-soo, 2020)
    • Belfast (Kenneth Branagh, 2021)
    • Drive My Car (Ryusuke Hamaguchi, 2021)
    • The Tragedy of Macbeth (Joel Coen, 2021)
    • Pig (Michael Sarnoski, 2021)
    • Marcel the Shell with Shoes On (Dean Fleischer Camp, 2022)
    • My Year of Dicks (Sara Gunnarsdóttir, 2022)
    • Saint Omer (Alice Diop, 2022)
    • Tár (Todd Field, 2022)
    • Women Talking (Sarah Polley, 2022)
    • Fallen Leaves (Aki Kaurismäki, 2023)
    • Past Lives (Celine Song, 2023)
    • Perfect Days (Wim Wenders, 2023)
    • Robot Dreams (Pablo Berger, 2023)
    • Showing Up (Kelly Reichardt, 2023)
    • All We Imagine as Light (Payal Kapadia, 2024)
    • Flow (Gints Zilbalodis, 2024)
    • In the Shadow of the Cypress (Hossein Molayemi and Shirin Sohani, 2024)

    Sources

    [edit]

    [37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51]

    [52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60]

    [61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77]

    [78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85][86][87][88][89][90][91][92][93][94][95][96][97][98][99][100][101][102][103][104][105][106][107][108][109][110][111][112][113][114][115][116][117][118][119][120][121][122][123][124][125][126]

    [127][128][129][130][131][132][133][21][134]

    [135][136][137][138][139][140][141][142][143][144][145][146][147][29][148][149][150][151][152][153][154][155][156][157][158][159][160][161][162][163][164][165][166][167][168][169][170][171][172][173][174][175]

    See also

    [edit]
    • Arthouse animation
    • Maximalist film
    • Postmodernist film
    • Slow cinema
    • Minimalist music
    • Art film
    • American Eccentric Cinema
    • Modernist film
    • Arthouse musical
    • Vulgar auteurism
    • American independent cinema
    • Structural film

    References

    [edit]
    1. ^ Paul Schrader on Revisiting Transcendental Style in Film. 2017 Toronto International Film Festival – via YouTube.
    2. ^ "Taste of Cherry". Cinematheque. Cleveland Institute of Art. September 2016. Retrieved 2022-01-14.
    3. ^ Gautaman Bhaskaran (2019-10-23). "It Must Be Heaven: Elia Suleiman's sardonic take on the world". Arab News. Retrieved 2022-01-14.
    4. ^ "Films by The Minimalists". The Minimalists. Retrieved 2019-04-09.
    5. ^ Goodbye, Dragon Inn - Metrograph
    6. ^ The Films Of Robert Bresson: A Retrospective|IndieWire
    7. ^ The art of Chloe Zhao, Arts - THE BUSINESS TIMES
    8. ^ Kelly Reichardt: Powerfully Observant|MoMA
    9. ^ The Beginner's Guide: Yasujiro Ozu, Director|Film Inquiry
    10. ^ The Life and Death of Colonel Blimp, Directed by The Archers|Talk Cinema
    11. ^ Minimalism and art-cinema narration in Gus van Sant's Gerry, Elephant and Last Days - Iowa State University
    12. ^ The Tarkovsky legacy: Andrei Tarkovsky and his arthouse impact|Sight & Sound|BFI
    13. ^ Warhol Film Screening——Minimalism and Seriality: Part II|Whitney Museum of American Art
    14. ^ One Sound After Another: Film and West Coast Minimalism|Walker Art Center
    15. ^ The Burden of Other People's Thoughts: Don Hertzfeldt Talks ‘World of Tomorrow Episode Two’|Animation World Network
    16. ^ The Love Witch director Anna Biller: ‘I’m in conversation with the pornography all around us’|Movies|The Guardian
    17. ^ Review: From Iran, '3 Faces' Finds Nuance In The Clash Of Old And New : NPR
    18. ^ FILM VIEW; The Giddy Minimalism of Jim Jarmusch - The New York Times
    19. ^ Bloomsbury Collections - The Cinema of Alexander Sokurov
    20. ^ Norman McLaren - Google Books (pg.140)
    21. ^ a b "Cartoons Considered For An Academy Award – 1977 -". cartoonresearch.com.
    22. ^ The Master of Minimalism / Retrospective of filmmaker Michelangelo Antonioni's innovative films spans six decades - SFGATE
    23. ^ A Hollis Frampton Odyssey Blu-ray Review | High Def Digest
    24. ^ Pop cinema: aesthetic conversations between art and the moving-image - ERA
    25. ^ J. Hoberman on Ernie Gehr - Artfourm International
    26. ^ HUSBANDS: Saturdays are for the Boys - Hyperreal Film Club
    27. ^ Talking Screens, December 16-22, 2022: “All The Beauty and The Bloodshed” is One of the Year’s Finest | “Bardo” is a Small Story Told on an Immense Canvas - Newcity Film
    28. ^ Movies Don’t Scare Me: A Decade of John Carpenter|In Review Online
    29. ^ a b John Carpenter: Father of the Slasher Film | The VICE Guide To Film - VICE on YouTube
    30. ^ Clint Eastwood: Immovable Boulder|In Review Online
    31. ^ Light Cone - Michael Snow
    32. ^ Michael Snow obituary: Canadian giant of experimental cinema|BFI
    33. ^ Light Cone - FIVE FILMS BY LARRY GOTTHEIM
    34. ^ Abbas Kiarostami: Life as Art|BAMPFA
    35. ^ What Makes Kiarostami a Modern Master? Start Here - The New York Times
    36. ^ Louis Malle: Docs
    37. ^ 10 Great Minimalist Films That Are Worth Your Time - Taste of Cinema
    38. ^ 10 Great Minimalist Films That Are Worth Your Time - Taste of Cinema - Page 2 - Taste of Cinema
    39. ^ Best Minimalist Movies|12 Top Minimalism Films Ever - Cinemaholic
    40. ^ 10 Minimalist Horror Movies|The Young Folks
    41. ^ 6 Minimalist Sci Fi Movies to Watch - TectoGizmo
    42. ^ 20 Minimalist Movies Which Redefined Film-Making - Storypick
    43. ^ 'Roma' Is Painfully Beautiful|PopMatters
    44. ^ Industrial Arts: Michelangelo Antonioni's Red Desert and Minimalism and Land Art - National Gallery of Art
    45. ^ Look of the Week: the sleek futuristic minimalism of Gattaca|SYFY WIRE
    46. ^ 9 Minimalist Films That Will Open Your Eyes - Minimal Daily
    47. ^ Repast is prologue - Los Angeles Times
    48. ^ Minimalism Takes Flight : Hyperallergic
    49. ^ The Best Movies of 2020|IndieWire
    50. ^ 20 Most Underrated Movies of the Decade (2010–2019) - The Cinemaholic
    51. ^ The Best Independent Films of 2020|Flickering Myth
    52. ^ Acting Naturally — Point of View Magazine
    53. ^ THE WOMAN WHO RAN (2020) REVIEW – HONG SANG-SOO’S TYPICALLY SUBTLE AND PLAYFULLY KNOTTY DRAMA - High On Films
    54. ^ 'Away' review - The Hollywood Reporter
    55. ^ Here Are Six Indie Animated Features That Deserve An Oscar Nomination This Year|Cartoon Brew
    56. ^ ORIGINAL-CIN YEAR IN REVIEW: 2020’S BEST AND WORST MOVIES —— Original Cin
    57. ^ This new Netflix short shows how parents grieve after a tragedy - Legacy.com
    58. ^ Minimalist movies: 5 different approach|Yapim Ekibi
    59. ^ BEYOND THE BLACK RAINBOW — Film Review — ZekeFilm
    60. ^ Interview: “Beyond The Black Rainbow” Director Panos Cosmatos Talks His Bizarre Sci-Fi/Horror Fever Dream|Complex
    61. ^ That's not my finger! and the rest of this week's movies|Bleader
    62. ^ Chantal Akerman: celebrating the exquisite cinematic moments of a tremendous talent|Chantal Akerman|The Guardian
    63. ^ Review|This '50s Danish flick will keep you on your toes - The Crimson White
    64. ^ Yasujiro Ozu: like Austen, he tells the same satisfying story again and again|Movies|The Guardian
    65. ^ Clerks: 10 Ways It Established Kevin Smith's Style|ScreenRant
    66. ^ The Rise of Minimalist Filmmaking, and Analysis of Best Picture of Best Picture Oscar Winner 'Nomadland' - Hollywood Insider
    67. ^ Gerry|NW Film Center
    68. ^ Androgyny and aliens in eighties cult film 'Liquid Sky' on Amazon Prime Video - Stream On Demand
    69. ^ Toronto Review: Godfrey Reggio Celebrates 30 Years Since 'Koyaanisqatsi' With Extraordinary Philip Glass-Scored 'Visitors'|IndieWire
    70. ^ After Koyaanisqatsi, Godfrey Reggio's Visitors : The Conversation
    71. ^ Jim Jarmusch|AV Club
    72. ^ Baghead - CINEMABLEND
    73. ^ Baghead - Paste
    74. ^ Indie film pulls nothing interesting out of the bag - Baltimore Sun
    75. ^ An exploration of foreign films: Unique cinematography and minimalist themes distinguish ‘Tokyo Story’|The Stanford Daily
    76. ^ 10 Essential Aki Kaurismaki Films - High On Films
    77. ^ 10 essential films from the 'Minimalist' genre|Far Out Magazine
    78. ^ Abbas Kiarostami: sophisticated, self-possessed master of cinematic poetry|Abbas Kiarostami|The Guardian
    79. ^ TASTE OF CHERRY|Cleveland Institute of Art
    80. ^ Scott MacDonald on Hollis Frampton - Artfourm International
    81. ^ In Hollis Frampton's 'Surface Tension', a Stroll Through 1968 New York, in 160 Seconds - The New York Times
    82. ^ The Complete Works of Influential Experimental Filmmaker Michael Snow Come to New York - Hyperallergic
    83. ^ Duel at 50: Steven Spielberg's debut remains a ferocious thriller|Steven Spielberg|The Guardian
    84. ^ Denis Villeneuve's Dune Shows the Limits of the Filmmaker's Sci-Fi|Collider
    85. ^ The Red Turtle review — rapturous minimalism from Studio Ghibli|Film|The Guardian
    86. ^ The Best 90s Movies|Incredible Films From The 1990s|Time Out
    87. ^ Why Critics Hate the Movies You Love|The Young Ones
    88. ^ The Woman Who Ran (2020)|MUBI
    89. ^ Film of the week:Certain Women, Kelly Reichardt's minimalist Montana triptych|BFI
    90. ^ A Brief Introduction to the Remarkable Films of Kelly Reichardt|AnOther Magazine
    91. ^ 'Koyaanisqatsi' renews emotion in minimalist film - Deseret News
    92. ^ The 50 Best First Films Ever Made - MTV
    93. ^ A Century of Inspiration - The American Cinematographer
    94. ^ The 10 Most Cinematic Movies With Minimalist Plot — Page 2 — Taste of Cinema
    95. ^ The 10 Most Cinematic Movies With Minimalist Plot — Taste of Cinema
    96. ^ 10 Films That Prove That Silence Is Golden|Collider
    97. ^ 'The Tragedy of Macbeth' is magnificent as it is minimalist - The Boar
    98. ^ Enter the Nightmarish World of Joel Coen's 'The Tragedy of Macbeth' - The Atlantic
    99. ^ Maslin, Janet (September 15, 1999). "'American Beauty': Dad's Dead, and He's Still a Funny Guy". The New York Times. Archived from the original on June 3, 2020. Retrieved August 20, 2020.
    100. ^ Film review: Coen takes a bold approach to filming 'The Tragedy of Macbeth' — Sightlines
    101. ^ Ernie Gehr's 'Serene Velocity', 'The Red Shoes', 'Dog House' and more: Beyond the Multiplex - oregonlive.com
    102. ^ FILM NOTES - The Washington Post
    103. ^ Brick: How Rian Johnson Used Film Noir to Depict High School - MovieWeb
    104. ^ Winter's Bone: How the Barren Sights and Sounds Create Fear|Collider
    105. ^ Movies That Did Wonders With a Budget of Under $1 Million|Collider
    106. ^ The 50 Best Movies on HBO Max Right Now - The New York Times
    107. ^ Is this the worst film ever made? - BBC Culture
    108. ^ Jenny Slate on voicing the melancholy "Marcel the Shell" and creating a laugh "that's not creepy"|Salon.com
    109. ^ The Harry Potter Directors' Best Movies (Not In The Wizarding World), According to IMDb
    110. ^ 100 Greatest Animated Shorts / Gerald McBoing Boing / Robert Cannon - Skwigly Animation Magazine
    111. ^ When Magoo Flew - Google Books (pg.106)
    112. ^ Begone Dull Care – Senses of Cinema
    113. ^ Bringing a John Cassavetes Classic to the Stage With a Volcanic Performance - Hyperallergic
    114. ^ Artist of the week 20: Michael Snow|Culture|The Guardian
    115. ^ Spike & Mike's Animation Fest Is Back - The Santa Barbara Independent
    116. ^ "Horror's Minimalist Masterpiece: 'Halloween'".
    117. ^ 10 Best Animated Films That Should Have Been Nominated For Best Picture|Collider
    118. ^ “It’s a Pretty Unambiguous Condemnation of a New Age Answer to Life’s Problems”: Writer/Director Todd Haynes on Safe|Filmmaker Magazine
    119. ^ Todd Haynes’s Out-of-Time City Symphony “Wonderstruck” Lives Up to Its Name - The Village Voice
    120. ^ Safe: Nowhere to Hide|Current|The Criterion Collection
    121. ^ 10 Great Films From 2022 - Our Culture
    122. ^ Assault on Precinct 13 — John Carpenter|In Review Online
    123. ^ Top 25 of 2020 — 10-1|In Review Online
    124. ^ Wolfwalkers|Tomm Moore and Ross Stewart|In Review Online
    125. ^ Women Talking - WCBE
    126. ^ Making and Unmaking the Upscale, Minimalist World of ‘TÁR’|IndieWire
    127. ^ EXCLUSIVE: WATCH A RESTORED CULT ANIMATED SHORT FROM MARCELL JANKOVICS|Austin Film Society
    128. ^ 10 Best Movies About Philosophy, Ranked - Screen Rant
    129. ^ Animated shorts up for Oscars tackle life and all its follies - Boston Herald
    130. ^ Unconventional Excitement: 10 Best Action Movies Without Fistfights, Shootouts, or Car Chases|Collider
    131. ^ DRIVER, THE (4K UHD REVIEW) - The Digital Bits
    132. ^ When Comedy Films Are Scary - arts, ink.
    133. ^ The film Edgar Wright calls a "minimalist masterclass"|Far Out Magazine
    134. ^ ‘My Life As A Zucchini’ Director Claude Barras On The Hard Work of Simplicity and Minimalism|Cartoon Brew
    135. ^ 10 Great Movies Featuring Minimalist Storytelling - Taste of Cinema
    136. ^ 10 Great Movies Featuring Minimalist Storytelling - Page 2 - Taste of Cinema
    137. ^ The Red Balloon (1956, Fr.) (aka Le Ballon Rouge) - filmsite.org
    138. ^ Paisan (1946) - filmsite.org
    139. ^ Monsieur Hulot's Holiday (1953) - filmsite.org
    140. ^ Diamonds of the Night (1964) - filmsite.org
    141. ^ Fail Safe - Trailers From Hell
    142. ^ Fantastic Planet - Trailers From Hell
    143. ^ Eegah - Trailers From Hell
    144. ^ Tex Avery Screwball Classics Volume 3 - Trailers From Hell
    145. ^ The Crimson Kimono - Trailers From Hell
    146. ^ The Naked Prey - Trailers From Hell
    147. ^ The Killing of a Sacred Deer - Trailers From Hell
    148. ^ Every Stanley Kubrick Movie, Ranked By Rewatchability - Screen Rant
    149. ^ The 10 Best Modern Ambient Films - Page 2 - Taste of Cinema
    150. ^ Brief Descriptions and Expanded Essays of Titles at National Film Registry
    151. ^ Luxo Jr. Pencil Test: Emotional storytelling in wire frames|The Kids Should See This
    152. ^ ‘Fallen Leaves’ Review: Aki Kaurismäki Stages a Tiny Sliver of a Romance in a Quirky Finnish Kaurismäki Land That Hasn’t Changed in 30 Years - Variety
    153. ^ Animafest Zagreb’s Reanimation of Aleksandar Marks (GoCritic! Review)|Zippy Frames
    154. ^ Visitors from the Arkana Galaxy - Trailers From Hell
    155. ^ Movie review: Past Lives (2023) is a minimalist romance by Celia Song that has been a surprising international hit - Financial Review
    156. ^ Fallen Leaves review | Kaurismäki applies his minimalist approach to love|Film Stories
    157. ^ Elevator to the Gallows - Criterion Collection - IGN
    158. ^ September In Theater - Journal - Metrograph
    159. ^ Whit Stillman In Person - Metrograph
    160. ^ Perfect Days (Film Review) - Filmhounds Magazine
    161. ^ A Review of Robot Dreams: Robot and Dog, Slave to No Man But Love - Pelican
    162. ^ Brown, Mitchell (2023-01-03). "FRIEND OF THE WORLD Review – A Strong Debut Feature From Writer and Director Brian Patrick Butler". Slay Away. Retrieved 2024-06-10.
    163. ^ "Movie Review - 'Friend of the World' is an absurdist apocalyptic head-scratcher". Movie Reelist. 2022-06-02. Retrieved 2024-06-10.
    164. ^ Charade: Lessons in Creative Vision from a 1984 College Student - The Atlantic
    165. ^ 39 Years Later, Gen-Z Is Making One Perfect Rock Movie Into A Smash Hit - Fatherly
    166. ^ The Criterion Channel’s November 2024 Lineup|Current|The Criterion Collection
    167. ^ 10 Best Minimalist Movies, Ranked|Collider
    168. ^ Pig Review: Nicolas Cage Hits Career Highs in Affecting Minimalist Drama - The Film Stage
    169. ^ Review: The 2017 Oscar-Nominated Short Films: Animation - The Film Stage
    170. ^ 'Flow' review: A gorgeously animated story of survival - InBetweenDrafts
    171. ^ "In the Shadow of the Cypress: Determined to Survive Harsh Conditions - Total Apex Entertainment". 2024-11-09. Retrieved 2025-01-28.
    172. ^ 'All We Imagine As Light' movie review: A minimalist ode to maximum city|Deccan Herald
    173. ^ Grey Gardens: Honest, Minimalist Cinema - The Cornell Daily Sun
    174. ^ 10 Minimalist Horror Movies|The Young Folks
    175. ^ The Cinema of Richard Linklater - Google Books (pg.20)
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