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Outline of space exploration

From Wikipedia - Reading time: 9 min

Columbus Module at the International Space Station, launched into space on the U.S. Space Shuttle mission STS-122 in 2008.

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to space exploration.

Space exploration – use of astronomy and space technology to explore outer space.[1] Physical exploration of space is conducted both by human spaceflights and by robotic spacecraft.

Essence of space exploration

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Space exploration

  • Big science – Term used to describe a series of changes in science occurred in industrial nations
  • Exploration – Process of investigating unfamiliar things
  • High tech – Most advanced technology available
  • Space – Void between celestial bodies
  • Spaceflight – Flight into or through outer space

Branches of space exploration

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  • Human spaceflight – Spaceflight with a crew or passengers
  • Uncrewed spaceflight – Autonomous space travel without human

History of space exploration

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  • Remote sensing of Earth
  • Exploration of the Moon
    • Apollo program
    • Moon landings
    • Robotic exploration of the Moon
  • Exploration of Mercury
  • Exploration of Venus
  • Exploration of Mars
    • Mars landings
    • Mars rovers
    • Mars Rotorcrafts
    • Mars flyby
  • Exploration of Jupiter
  • Exploration of Saturn
  • Exploration of Uranus
  • Exploration of Neptune
  • History of human spaceflight
    • Project Mercury
    • Project Gemini
    • Apollo program
    • Space Shuttle program
    • Vostok program
    • Voskhod program
    • Soyuz program
    • Shenzhou program
  • List of human spaceflights
  • List of Space Shuttle missions
  • Spaceflight records
  • Emergence of market forces in spaceflight
  • Timeline of artificial satellites and space probes
  • Timeline of astronauts by nationality
  • Timeline of first orbital launches by country
  • Timeline of rocket and missile technology
  • Timeline of space exploration
  • Timeline of space travel by nationality
  • Timeline of spaceflight
  • Timeline of the Space Race
  • Timeline of Solar System exploration

Space agencies

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  • List of government space agencies
    • Space agencies capable of human spaceflight (as of January 2024)
      • NASA (USA)
      • CNSA (China)
      • RFSA (Russia)
    • Space agencies with full launch capability
      • NASA (USA)
      • RFSA (Russia)
      • CNSA (China)
      • ESA (Europe)
      • JAXA (Japan)
      • ISRO (India)
      • ISA (Israel)
      • KARI (South Korea)

Active deep space missions and space stations

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  • International Space Station
  • Europa Clipper (NASA)
  • Tiangong space station (CNSA)
  • Blue Ghost M1 (Firefly Aerospace)
  • Chandrayaan-2 (ISRO)
  • Tianwen-2 (CNSA)
  • Hera (ESA)
  • Tiandu-1 and 2 (CNSA)
  • Queqiao relay satellite (CNSA)
  • Queqiao-2 relay satellite (CNSA)
  • ICUBE-Q (SUPARCO)
  • Chang'e 5 service module (CNSA)
  • DRO A/B (CAS)
  • Chang'e 4 (CNSA)
  • CAPSTONE (NASA)
  • Danuri (KARI)
  • Advanced Composition Explorer – NASA mission to observe solar wind
  • Deep Space Climate Observatory – NOAA observatory for space weather
  • Aditya-L1 (ISRO)
  • Mars Odyssey (NASA)
  • Mars Express – ESA satellite orbiting Mars
  • Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (NASA)
  • Mars Science Laboratory – NASA rover to Mars
  • MAVEN – NASA satellite orbiting Mars
  • ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter (ESA / Roscosmos) – Mars satellite
  • Tianwen-1 (CNSA)
  • Mars 2020 Perseverance rover – NASA rover to Mars
  • Akatsuki – JAXA satellite orbiting Venus
  • BepiColombo (ESA / JAXA)
  • STEREO – NASA mission to observe the Sun
  • Parker Solar Probe – NASA probe to Sun
  • Solar Orbiter – ESA probe to Sun
  • Hayabusa2♯ (JAXA) – sample return mission to asteroid Ryugu
  • OSIRIS-APEX (NASA) – probe to asteroid Apophis
  • Lucy – NASA probe to multiple Jupiter trojans
  • Psyche (NASA) – probe to asteroid Psyche
  • Juno – NASA satellite orbiting Jupiter
  • Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer – ESA probe to Jupiter and its moons
  • New Horizons – probe to Pluto
  • Voyager 1 and Voyager 2 (NASA) – probes to outer Solar System and interstellar space

Future of space exploration

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Lunar (the Moon)

  • Future lunar missions
  • Colonization of the Moon
  • Lunar outpost (NASA)

Sun

  • Sundiver (space mission)

Mercury

  • Colonization of Mercury

Venus

  • Exploration of Venus

Mars

  • Colonization of Mars
  • Human mission to Mars
  • Mars to Stay

Outer Solar System

  • Colonization of the outer Solar System
    • Colonization of Titan

Beyond the Solar System

  • Interstellar travel
    • Nuclear rocket
    • Fusion rocket
    • Solar sail
    • Einstein-Rosen bridge
    • Alcubierre drive
  • Intergalactic travel

General space exploration concepts

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  • Astronaut – Spacecraft crew member
  • Non-rocket spacelaunch – Concepts for launch into space
  • Space and survival – Idea that spacefaring is necessary for long-term human survival
  • Space vehicle – Combination of launch vehicle and spacecraft
    • Launch vehicle – Rocket used to carry a spacecraft into space
    • Spacecraft – Vehicle or machine designed to fly in space
  • Spaceflight – Flight into or through outer space
  • Space research – Scientific studies carried out using scientific equipment in outer space

Space exploration scholars

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Leaders in space exploration

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  • Yuri Gagarin – first man in space
  • Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin – first men to walk on the Moon
  • John Glenn – oldest man in orbit

See also

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  • Outline of space science
  • Outline of aerospace
  • Timeline of Solar System exploration
  • Scientific research on the International Space Station

Lists

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  • List of spacecraft
    • List of crewed spacecraft
    • List of Solar System probes
      • List of active Solar System probes
      • List of lunar probes
      • List of Mars landers
      • List of Mars orbiters
    • List of space telescopes
      • List of proposed space observatories
    • List of cargo spacecraft
    • List of Falcon 9 first-stage boosters
    • List of heaviest spacecraft
    • List of spacecraft called Sputnik
    • List of spacecraft powered by non-rechargeable batteries
    • List of spacecraft with electric propulsion
    • List of spaceplanes
    • List of upper stages
    • List of spacecraft deployed from the International Space Station
  • Assembly of the International Space Station
  • Space Shuttle crews
  • List of Apollo astronauts
  • List of Apollo missions
  • List of Artemis missions
  • List of artificial objects on extra-terrestrial surfaces
  • List of astronauts by name
  • List of astronauts by selection
  • List of communication satellite companies
  • List of communications satellite firsts
  • List of Constellation missions
  • List of Cosmos satellites
  • List of crewed spacecraft
  • List of cumulative spacewalk records
  • List of Earth observation satellites
  • List of human spaceflight programs
  • List of human spaceflights
  • List of human spaceflights to the International Space Station
  • List of interplanetary voyages
  • List of ISS spacewalks
  • List of International Space Station expeditions
  • List of International Space Station visitors
  • List of landings on extraterrestrial bodies
  • List of launch vehicles
  • List of Mir expeditions
  • List of Mir spacewalks
  • List of NASA missions
  • List of objects at Lagrangian points
  • List of private spaceflight companies
  • List of probes by operational status
  • List of rockets
  • Lists of rocket launches
    • List of Ariane launches
    • List of Atlas launches
    • List of Black Brant launches
    • List of Falcon 9 and Falcon Heavy launches
    • List of Long March launches
    • List of Proton launches
    • List of R-7 launches
    • List of Scout launches
    • List of Space Launch System launches
    • List of Thor and Delta launches
    • List of Titan launches
    • List of V-2 test launches
    • List of Zenit launches
  • List of Russian human spaceflight missions
  • List of satellites in geosynchronous orbit
  • List of Solar System probes
  • List of Soviet human spaceflight missions
  • List of space agencies
  • List of Space Shuttle missions
  • List of space travelers by name
  • List of space travelers by nationality
  • List of spacecraft and crews that visited Mir
  • List of spacecraft manufacturers
  • List of spaceflight records
  • List of spaceports
  • List of spacewalks and moonwalks
  • List of the largest fixed satellite operators
  • List of uncrewed spacecraft by program
  • Uncrewed spaceflights to the International Space Station
  • Lists of astronomical objects
  • Lists of telescopes
  • List of government space agencies
  • Lists of astronauts
  • Lists of space scientists

References

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  1. ^ "How Space is Explored". NASA. Archived from the original on 2009-07-02.
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