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    Tre, Pol and Pen

    From Wikipedia - Reading time: 5 min

    The phrase Tre, Pol and Pen is used to describe people from or places in Cornwall, UK. The full rhyming couplet runs: By Tre Pol and Pen / Shall ye know all Cornishmen,[1][2] a version of which was recorded by Richard Carew in his Survey of Cornwall, published in 1602.[3] Many Cornish surnames and place names still retain these words as prefixes, such as the surname Trelawny and the village Polzeath. Tre in the Cornish language means a settlement or homestead; Pol, a pond, lake or well; and Pen (also Welsh and Cumbric), a hill or headland. Cornish surnames and placenames are generally pronounced with the emphasis on the second syllable.[4]

    Examples in Cornish surnames

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    Tre

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    • Squire Trelawney, character in Treasure Island
    • Sybill Trelawney, character in Harry Potter
    • Sir Jonathan Trelawny, 3rd Baronet
    • Petroc Trelawny
    • Arthur Tremayne
    • Henry Trengrouse
    • John Trevaskis
    • Marcus Trescothick
    • Sir Charles Trevelyan, 1st Baronet
    • Richard Trevithick
    • Richard Trevithick Tangye

    Pol

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    • Ross Poldark, fictional character in series of the same name
    • James Polkinghorne
    • Richard Polwhele

    Pen

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    • Edward William Wynne Pendarves
    • David Penhaligon
    • Charles Penrose
    • Guy Penrose Gibson
    • Dolly Pentreath
    • Sir Humphrey Pengallan, character in Jamaica Inn

    Examples in Cornish place names

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    Tre

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    • Tregony
    • Trematon
    • Trethevy
    • Trevose
    • Treyarnon

    Pol

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    • Polzeath
    • Polperro
    • Polgooth

    Pen

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    • Penzance
    • Penryn
    • Penponds

    See also

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    • Cornish surnames
    • Cornish language

    References

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    1. ^ Tre, Pol and Pen - The Cornish Family by Bernard Deacon
    2. ^ "Cornish surnames - By Tre, Pol and Pen shall ye know all Cornishmen". Archived from the original on 25 September 2008. Retrieved 11 October 2008.
    3. ^ "Richard Carew, The Survey of Cornwall (Page 48)". Archived from the original on 2 July 2011. Retrieved 17 March 2012.
    4. ^ "Words & Phrases, West Penwith". Archived from the original on 15 March 2012. Retrieved 17 March 2012.
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