Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Omodamola Aje B.Sc, M.D. [2]
The most important differential diagnosis for diabetes insipidus include: Central diabetes insipidus, acquired, Trauma (surgery, deceleration injury), Vascular (cerebral hemorrhage, infarction, anterior communicating artery aneurysm or ligation, intra-hypothalamic hemorrhage), Neoplastic (craniopharyngioma, meningioma, germinoma, pituitary tumor or metastases), Granulomatous (histiocytosis, sarcoidosis), Infectious (meningitis, encephalitis), Inflammatory/autoimmune (lymphocytic infundibuloneurohypophysitis), Drug/toxin-induced (ethanol, diphenylhydantoin, snake venom), hydrocephalus, Idiopathic, congenital, Congenital malformations, nephrogenic diabetes insipidus: Acquired, drug-induced (demeclocycline, lithium, cisplatin, methoxyflurane, etc.), Hypercalcemia, hypokalemia, infiltrating lesions (sarcoidosis, amyloidosis, multiple myeloma, Sjogren's disease), Vascular (sickle cell disease), congenital, X-linked recessive, primary polydipsia,Psychogenic, dipsogenic (downward resetting of thirst threshold), gestational diabetes insipidus, Diabetes mellitus.
The most important differential diagnosis for diabetes insipidus include:[1][2][3]
Type of DI | Subclass | Disease | Defining signs and symptoms | Lab/Imaging findings |
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Central | Acquired | Histiocytosis |
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Craniopharyngioma |
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Sarcoidosis |
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Congenital | Hydrocephalus |
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Dilated ventricles on CT and MRI | |
Wolfram Syndrome (DIDMOAD) |
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Nephrogenic | Acquired | Drug-induced (demeclocycline, lithium) |
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Hypercalcemia |
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Hypokalemia |
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Multiple myeloma |
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Sickle cell disease |
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Primary polydipsia | Psychogenic |
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Gestational diabetes insipidus |
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Diabetes mellitus |
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