From Wikidoc - Reading time: 3 min
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] ; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Dima Nimri, M.D. [2]
Diphtheria can be classified according to the type of Corynebacterium that causes a specific case. It can also be divided according to the resulting clinical presentation into respiratory , systemic , or cutaneous diphtheria .
Diphtheria infection can be classified according to either the causative agent or the clinical manifestations of the infection.
Diphtheria can be caused by several Corynebacterium species including:[1] [2]
Diphtheria infection can present in any of the following ways:[4]
↑ Wong TP, Groman N (1984). "Production of diphtheria toxin by selected isolates of Corynebacterium ulcerans and Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis" . Infect. Immun . 43 (3): 1114–6. PMC 264307 . PMID 6321350 .
↑ Moore LS, Leslie A, Meltzer M, Sandison A, Efstratiou A, Sriskandan S (2015). "Corynebacterium ulcerans cutaneous diphtheria". Lancet Infect Dis . 15 (9): 1100–7. doi :10.1016/S1473-3099(15)00225-X . PMID 26189434 .
↑ Efstratiou A, Engler KH, Mazurova IK, Glushkevich T, Vuopio-Varkila J, Popovic T (2000). "Current approaches to the laboratory diagnosis of diphtheria". J. Infect. Dis . 181 Suppl 1: S138–45. doi :10.1086/315552 . PMID 10657205 .
↑ Center for Disease Control and Prevention http://www.cdc.gov/diphtheria/clinicians.html Accessed on Oct. 7, 2016.
↑ 5.0 5.1 Dobie RA, Tobey DN (1979). "Clinical features of diphtheria in the respiratory tract". JAMA . 242 (20): 2197–201. PMID 490806 .
↑ Lumio JT, Groundstroem KW, Melnick OB, Huhtala H, Rakhmanova AG (2004). "Electrocardiographic abnormalities in patients with diphtheria: a prospective study". Am. J. Med . 116 (2): 78–83. PMID 14715320 .
↑ BOYER NH, WEINSTEIN L (1948). "Diphtheritic myocarditis". N. Engl. J. Med . 239 (24): 913–9. doi :10.1056/NEJM194812092392403 . PMID 18103551 .
↑ Rappold LC, Vogelgsang L, Klein S, Bode K, Enk AH, Haenssle HA (2016). "Primary cutaneous diphtheria: management, diagnostic workup, and treatment as exemplified by a rare case report". J Dtsch Dermatol Ges . 14 (7): 734–6. doi :10.1111/ddg.12722 . PMID 27373251 .
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