Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia epidemiology and demographics

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sabawoon Mirwais, M.B.B.S, M.D.[2]

Overveiw[edit | edit source]

The reported incidence of choriocarcinoma in the United States is 2 to 7 per 100,000 pregnancies. The U.S. age-standardized (1960 World Population Standard) incidence rate of choriocarcinoma is approximately 0.18/100,000 women between the ages of 15 - 49 years. The prevalence of choriocarcinoma in the United States is 0.075 - 0.01 per 100, 000. The prevalence rates from Southeast Asia are 1.5 - 2.5 times higher. The 5-year overall mortality rate, after the exclusion of placental site trophoblastic tumors and epithelioid trophoblastic tumors, is 2%. High-risk patients have a 5-year mortality rate of 12%. Patients with an International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) score of ≥13 have a 5-year mortality rate of 38.4%. The incidence of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia is higher in the extremes of reproductive ages. In Southasia, the incidence rates are double for Eurasians as compared to people of Chinese, Malaysian, or Indian origin. African Americans have a decreased incidence rate as compared to caucasians. The incidence is also higher in the Latin American population. Europe, North America, Australia, some areas of Latin America, and the Middle East have low incidence ratios.

Epidemiology and Demographics[edit | edit source]

Incidence[edit | edit source]

• The reported incidence of choriocarcinoma in the United States is 2 - 7 cases per 100,000 individuals pregnancies.^[1]
• The U.S. age-standardized (1960 World Population Standard) incidence rate of choriocarcinoma is approximately 0.18 cases per 100,000 individual women between the ages of 15 - 49 years.^[2]
• The incidence in Europe ranges from 2 - 3 cases per 100,000 individuals.^[3][4][5]
• The incidence in Canada and Greenland is reported to be approximately 3 cases per 100,000 individuals.^[6][7][8]
• The reported incidence in Australia is 7 cases per 100,000 individuals.^[9]
• The incidence in Latin America is reported to be 2 cases per 100,000 individuals.^[10][11][12]
• The incidence in Saudi Arabia is reported to be 16 cases per 100,000 individuals.^[13]
• The incidence in Asia ranges from 5 - 202 cases per 100,000 individuals.^{[14][15][16][17][18]}
• The incidence in Nigeria is 99 cases per 100,000 individuals.^[19][20]

Prevalence[edit | edit source]

• The prevalence of choriocarcinoma in the United States is 0.075 - 0.01 cases per 100,000 individuals.^[21][22]
• The prevalence rates from Southeast Asia are 1.5 - 2.5 times higher.^[23][24]

Mortality Rate[edit | edit source]

• The 5-year overall mortality rate, after the exclusion of placental site trophoblastic tumors and epithelioid trophoblastic tumors, is 2%.^[25]
• High-risk patients have a 5-year mortality rate of 12%.^[25]
• Patients with an International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) score of ≥13 have a 5-year mortality rate of 38.4%.^[25]

Age[edit | edit source]

• The incidence of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia is higher in the extremes of reproductive ages.

Race[edit | edit source]

• In Southasia, the incidence rates are double for Eurasians as compared to people of Chinese, Malaysian, or Indian origin.^[26]
• African Americans have a decreased incidence rate as compared to caucasians.^[26]
• The incidence is also higher in the Latin American population.^[26]
• Mexicans and Filipinos have elevated rates in comparison to Japanese and Chinese.^[26]

Region[edit | edit source]

• Europe, North America, Australia, some areas of Latin America, and the Middle East have low incidence ratios.^{[27][28][5][15]}
• Studies from China, India, Indonesia, and Thailand show high incidence ratios.^[29][18]

References[edit | edit source]

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