Helicobacter pylori infection historical perspective

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Yamuna Kondapally, M.B.B.S[2]

The association between helicobacter pylori and peptic ulcers was made by Barry Marshall and Robin Warren in the year 1984 for which they were awarded the Nobel Prize in 2005 in physiology or medicine.

• The association between Helicobacter pylori and peptic ulcers was made by Barry Marshall and Robin Warren in the year 1984.^[1][2][3][4]
• In 1994, the national institute of health (NIH) consensus development panel concluded that there is a strong association between H. pylori and ulcer disease, and recommends that ulcer patients with H. pylori infection be treated with antibiotics.^[5]
• In 1994, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) and WHO concluded that H.pylori is a group I human carcinogen for gastric adenocarcinoma.^[6][7]
• In 1997, the United States FDA approved three H.pylori regimens for the eradication of infection. They are^[8]

• Regimen 1: Omeprazole + Clarithromycin
• Regimen 2: Ranitidine-Bismuth-Citrate + Clarithromycin
• Regimen 3: Bismuth subsalicylate + Metronidazole + Tetracycline + an H2 receptor antagonist

• In 1999, the MACH 2 study states that culture is an accurate way to diagnose H.pylori infection.^[9]
• The association between H.pylori infection and gastric cancer is found in 2001.^[7]
• In 2002, The Maastricht 2 Consensus Report states that a 'test-to-treat' approach is recommended in adult patients under the age of 45 years.^[10]
• In 2005, Barry Marshall and Robin Warren won Nobel prize in physiology or medicine for their "discovery of bacterium Helicobacter pylori and and its role in gastritis and peptic ulcer disease".^[4]