Pulmonate

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style="background:#Template:Taxobox colour;"\|Pulmonata; Fossil range: Template:Fossil range
	Various examples of Pulmonata; Various examples of Pulmonata
style="background:#Template:Taxobox colour;" \| Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia;
Phylum:	Mollusca;
Class:	Gastropoda;
Subclass:	Orthogastropoda;
Superorder:	Heterobranchia;
Order:	Pulmonata; Cuvier, 1814
Suborders
	Systellommatophora; Basommatophora; Eupulmonata;

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The Pulmonata or "pulmonates" are an order (once a subclass) of snails and slugs that have developed a pallial lung and thus can breathe air. The group includes many land and freshwater families and a few marine ones.

Pulmonata are known from the Carboniferous to the recent periods.^[1]

Taxonomy

Order Pulmonata Cuvier in Blainville, 1814 (pulmonates)

Suborder Systellommatophora Pilsbry, 1948
- - Superfamily Onchidioidea Rafinesque, 1815
  - Superfamily Otinoidea H. & A. Adams, 1855
  - Superfamily Rathouisioidea Sarasin, 1889
Suborder Basommatophora Keferstein in Bronn, 1864 (freshwater pulmonates, pond snails)
- - Superfamily Acroloxoidea Thiele, 1931
  - Superfamily Amphiboloidea J.E. Gray, 1840
  - Superfamily Chilinoidea H. & A. Adams, 1855
  - Superfamily Glacidorboidea Ponder, 1986
  - Superfamily Lymnaeoidea Rafinesque, 1815
  - Superfamily Planorboidea Rafinesque, 1815
  - Superfamily Siphonarioidea J.E. Gray, 1840
Suborder Eupulmonata Haszprunar & Huber, 1990
- Infraorder Acteophila Dall, 1885 (= formerly Archaeopulmonata)
  - Superfamily Melampoidea Stimpson, 1851
- Infraorder Trimusculiformes Minichev & Starobogatov, 1975
  - Superfamily Trimusculoidea Zilch, 1959

File:Museum fg02.jpg

Shells of pulmonate styllomatophoran snails in a museum collection

File:Bonite-mollusques-pl28.jpg

Various pulmonates

- Infraorder Stylommatophora A. Schmidt, 1856 (land snails)
  - Subinfraorder Orthurethra
  - Superfamily Achatinelloidea Gulick, 1873
  - Superfamily Cochlicopoidea Pilsbry, 1900
  - Superfamily Partuloidea Pilsbry, 1900
  - Superfamily Pupilloidea Turton, 1831
  - Subinfraorder Sigmurethra
  - Superfamily Acavoidea Pilsbry, 1895
  - Superfamily Achatinoidea Swainson, 1840
  - Superfamily Aillyoidea Baker, 1960
  - Superfamily Arionoidea J.E. Gray in Turnton, 1840
  - Superfamily Buliminoidea Clessin, 1879
  - Superfamily Camaenoidea Pilsbry, 1895
  - Superfamily Clausilioidea Mörch, 1864
  - Superfamily Dyakioidea Gude & Woodward, 1921
  - Superfamily Gastrodontoidea Tryon, 1866
  - Superfamily Helicoidea Rafinesque, 1815
  - Superfamily Helixarionoidea Bourguignat, 1877
  - Superfamily Limacoidea Rafinesque, 1815
  - Superfamily Oleacinoidea H. & A. Adams, 1855
  - Superfamily Orthalicoidea Albers-Martens, 1860
  - Superfamily Plectopylidoidea Moellendorf, 1900
  - Superfamily Polygyroidea Pilsbry, 1894
  - Superfamily Punctoidea Morse, 1864
  - Superfamily Rhytidoidea Pilsbry, 1893
  - Superfamily Sagdidoidera Pilsbry, 1895
  - Superfamily Staffordioidea Thiele, 1931
  - Superfamily Streptaxoidea J.E. Gray, 1806
  - Superfamily Strophocheiloidea Thiele, 1926
  - Superfamily Trigonochlamydoidea Hese, 1882
  - Superfamily Zonitoidea Mörch, 1864
  - ? Superfamily Athoracophoroidea P. Fischer, 1883 (= Tracheopulmonata)
  - ? Superfamily Succineoidea Beck, 1837 (= Heterurethra)

References

↑ (in Czech) Pek I., Vašíček Z., Roček Z., Hajn. V. & Mikuláš R.: Základy zoopaleontologie. - Olomouc, 1996. 264 pp., ISBN 80-7067-599-3.

External links

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Pulmonate snails & slugs in captivity
Camaenidae (snails) of Florida on the UF / IFAS Featured Creatures Web site

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ca:Pulmonat de:Lungenschnecken et:Kopsteod fa:شش‌داران it:Pulmonata la:Pulmonata hu:Tüdős csigák nl:Pulmonata no:Lungesnegler sk:Pľúcnatce sv:Lungsnäckor

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[1] (in Czech) Pek I., Vašíček Z., Roček Z., Hajn. V. & Mikuláš R.: Základy zoopaleontologie. - Olomouc, 1996. 264 pp., ISBN 80-7067-599-3.

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