Splinter hemorrhage

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	Splinter hemorrhage;
	Splinter Hemorrhage
ICD-9	703.8
DiseasesDB	27076

For patient information, click Splinter hemorrhage

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Synonyms and keywords: Splinter haemorrhages

Overview[edit | edit source]

Splinter hemorrhages are small areas of bleeding (hemorrhage) under the fingernails or toenails. Splinter hemorrhages look like thin, red to reddish-brown lines of blood under the nails. They run in the direction of nail growth.

They are named splinter hemorrhages because they look like a splinter under the fingernail.

Pathophysiology[edit | edit source]

In certain conditions (in particular, infective endocarditis), clots can migrate from the affected heart valve and find their way into various parts of the body. If this happens in the finger, it can cause damage to the capillaries resulting in a splinter hemorrhage.

Associated Conditions[edit | edit source]

Splinter hemorrhage is a nonspecific finding and can be associated with^[1]^[2]:

Causes[edit | edit source]

Causes in Alphabetical Order[edit | edit source]

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis[edit | edit source]

Initially splinter hemorrhages are plum-colored, but they then darken to a brown or black color in several days.

Diagnosis[edit | edit source]

The presence of splinter hemorrhages is not sensitive but is a fairly specific finding the diagnosis of endocarditis. Only one in six patients with endocarditis will have splinter hemorrhages. Therefore the absence of splinter hemorrhages does not exclude endocarditis. If there is a clinical suspicion of endocarditis and splinter hemorrhages are observed, then this is likely a fairly specific finding for endocarditis.

Physical Examination[edit | edit source]

Physical examination may include special attention to the heart and blood circulation systems.

Laboratory Findings[edit | edit source]

Electrolyte and Biomarker Studies[edit | edit source]

Laboratory studies may include:

References[edit | edit source]

↑ Freedberg, et al. (2003). Fitzpatrick's Dermatology in General Medicine. (6th ed.). McGraw-Hill. ISBN 0071380760.
↑ Rapini, Ronald P.; Bolognia, Jean L.; Jorizzo, Joseph L. (2007). Dermatology: 2-Volume Set. St. Louis: Mosby. ISBN 1-4160-2999-0.

[Fitz2-1] Freedberg, et al. (2003). Fitzpatrick's Dermatology in General Medicine. (6th ed.). McGraw-Hill. ISBN 0071380760.

[Bolognia-2] Rapini, Ronald P.; Bolognia, Jean L.; Jorizzo, Joseph L. (2007). Dermatology: 2-Volume Set. St. Louis: Mosby. ISBN 1-4160-2999-0.

[1]

[2]


Splinter hemorrhage
Splinter Hemorrhage
ICD-9	703.8
DiseasesDB	27076