Vitamin D deficiency

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sadaf Sharfaei M.D.[2]

Synonyms and keywords: Hypovitaminosis D; Low vitamin D

Overview[edit | edit source]

The definition and criteria for vitamin D deficiency are very difficult. Per a narrative review, "over 60 Mendelian randomization studies, designed to minimize bias from confounding, have evaluated the consequences of lifelong genetically lowered serum 25OHD concentrations on various outcomes and most studies have found null effects"^[1].

Historical Perspective[edit | edit source]

Classification[edit | edit source]

Pathophysiology[edit | edit source]

Causes[edit | edit source]

Differentiating Vitamin D deficiency from other Diseases[edit | edit source]

Epidemiology and Demographics[edit | edit source]

Risk Factors[edit | edit source]

Screening[edit | edit source]

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis[edit | edit source]

Diagnosis[edit | edit source]

Diagnostic study of choice | History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Electrocardiogram | Laboratory Findings | X-Ray Findings | Echocardiography and Ultrasound | CT-Scan Findings | MRI Findings | Other Diagnostic Studies | Other Imaging Findings

Treatment[edit | edit source]

Medical Therapy | Surgery | Primary Prevention | Secondary Prevention | Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy | Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies[edit | edit source]

Case #1

References[edit | edit source]