Ōishi, Oishi or Ooishi is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:
- Daijiro Oishi (大石 大二郎, born 1958), Japanese baseball player
- Hisako Ōishi (大石 尚子, born 1936), Japanese politician of the Democratic Party of Japan
- Makoto Oishi (大石 真翔, born 1979), Japanese professional wrestler
- Masamitsu Oishi (大石 正光, born 1945), Japanese politician of the Democratic Party of Japan
- Nobuyuki Oishi (大石 信幸, born 1939), former Japanese football player
- Ryuhei Oishi (大石 竜平, born 1997), Japanese footballer
- Sadahisa Ōishi (大石 定久, fl. 1545), retainer of the Ogigayatsu-Uesugi branch of the Uesugi, and the builder of Takiyama Castle
- Tadashi Ōishi (大石 直嗣, born 1989), Japanese shogi player
- Takaya Oishi (大石 尚哉, born 1972), former Japanese football player
- Tamotsu Oishi (大石 保, 1900–1946), career officer in the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War II
- Tsugutoshi Oishi (大石 治寿, born 1990), Japanese footballer
- Yasuko Oishi (大石 康子, born 1931), Japanese swimmer
- Yoshino Ōishi (大石 芳野, born 1944), Japanese photographer
- Yoshio Ōishi (大石 良雄, 1659–1703), the chamberlain of the Akō han in Harima Province, Japan (1679–1701), known as the leader of the forty-seven rōnin
Fictional characters
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