105 series

105 series
105 series
	Set K09 on a Kabe Line service in May 2012
Replaced	70 series [ja] (Fukuen Line)
Constructed	1981–1990
Entered service	1981
Refurbished	2019–present
Number built	60 vehicles; 62 vehicles (converted from 103-1000 series); 4 vehicles (converted from 103-0 series)
Number in service	84 vehicles (42 sets)
Number scrapped	42 vehicles
Successor	227 series
Formation	2/4 cars per trainset
Operators	JNR (1981–1987); JR East (1987–1998); JR-West (1987–present)
Depots	Hineno, Okayama, Shimonoseki, Hiroshima
Lines served	Kisei Main Line; Sanyō Main Line; Fukuen Line; Ube Line; Onoda Line
Specifications
Car body construction	Steel
Car length	20,000 mm (65 ft 7 in)
Width	2,800 mm (9 ft 2 in)
Doors	3/4 pairs per side
Maximum speed	100 km/h (60 mph)
Traction system	Resistor control
Power output	440 kW (590 hp) per car with motors
Electric system(s)	1,500 V DC Overhead catenary
Current collector(s)	pantograph
Braking system(s)	Dynamic brake, Electro-pneumatic brake, Hand brake
Track gauge	1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in)

The 105 series (105系, 105-kei) is a DC electric multiple unit (EMU) train type formerly operated by Japanese National Railways (JNR), and currently operated on local services by West Japan Railway Company (JR West) in Japan since 1981. They were also formerly operated by East Japan Railway Company (JR East).^[1]

Overview

The 105 series was introduced in 1981 to replace early EMU types operating on the Fukuen Line, Ube Line, and Onoda Line in western Japan. The rural nature and low line speed of these lines meant that 101 series or 103 series commuter EMUs would have been unnecessarily over-powered with their high proportion of motored cars, and so the 105 series was designed with one motored car per two cars.^[2]

The first sets introduced were 105-0 series two-car sets which were newly built in 1981 with three pairs of doors per side.^[1] 105-500 series two-car sets were later introduced, converted from former 103 series EMU cars, with four pairs of doors per side.^[1]

As of 1 April 2012, 56 2-car sets are operated by JR-West, based at Hineno, Okayama, Shimonoseki, and Hiroshima depots.^[3]

105-0 series

60 105-0 series vehicles were built in 1981, formed as two-car sets for use on the Onoda Line and Ube Line, and four-car sets for use on the Fukuen Line.^[4] Initially, these sets were not equipped with air-conditioning.^[2]

Formations

These were originally formed as follows.^[2]

4-car sets

KuMoHa 105	SaHa 105	MoHa 105	KuHa 104

The KuMoHa and MoHa cars were each equipped with one lozenge-type pantograph.

2-car sets

KuMoHa 105	KuHa 104

The KuMoHa cars are equipped with one lozenge-type pantograph.

Interior

Seating accommodation consists of longitudinal bench seating throughout each car.^[2]

A non-air-conditioned 105-0 series set in Fukuen Line livery in 1987

105-500/600 series

The 105-500/600 series variant was introduced from October 1984, coinciding with the electrification of the Nara Line between Kyoto and Nara, and the Wakayama Line between Wakayama and Gojō.^[5] Budget restraints prevented the construction of new trains, and instead, former Jōban Line 103-1000 series EMU cars made surplus by the introduction of 203 series EMUs were modified with the addition of new cab ends to form 2-car 105-500 series sets.^[5]

Senseki Line sets

In March 1987, four former 103 series air-conditioned driving cars were converted to become 2-car 105 series sets for use on the Senseki Line in the Sendai area. These sets retained the original non-gangwayed 103 series cab ends.^[6]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c JR全車輌ハンドブック2009 [JR Rolling Stock Handbook 2009]. Japan: Neko Publishing. 2009. pp. 352–353. ISBN 978-4-7770-0836-0.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Fukuhara, Shunichi (May 2012). 105系通勤形電車のあゆみその１ [History of the 105 series commuter EMU - Part 1]. Japan Railfan Magazine. 52 (613): 108–111.
^ JR電車編成表 2012夏 [JR EMU Formations - Summer 2012]. Japan: JRR. May 2012. p. 408. ISBN 978-4-330-28612-9.
^ Fukuhara, Shunichi (June 2012). 105系通勤形電車のあゆみその２ [History of the 105 series commuter EMU - Part 2]. Japan Railfan Magazine. 52 (614): 120–123.
^ ^a ^b Fukuhara, Shunichi (August 2012). 105系通勤形電車のあゆみその３ [History of the 105 series commuter EMU - Part 3]. Japan Railfan Magazine. 52 (616): 96–101.
^ JR全車輛ハンドブック'92 [JR Rolling Stock Handbook 1992]. Japan: Neko Publishing. 1992. p. 242.

[neko2009-1] JR全車輌ハンドブック2009 [JR Rolling Stock Handbook 2009]. Japan: Neko Publishing. 2009. pp. 352–353. ISBN 978-4-7770-0836-0.

[railfan613-2] Fukuhara, Shunichi (May 2012). 105系通勤形電車のあゆみその１ [History of the 105 series commuter EMU - Part 1]. Japan Railfan Magazine. 52 (613): 108–111.

[jrr2012_summer-3] JR電車編成表 2012夏 [JR EMU Formations - Summer 2012]. Japan: JRR. May 2012. p. 408. ISBN 978-4-330-28612-9.

[railfan614-4] Fukuhara, Shunichi (June 2012). 105系通勤形電車のあゆみその２ [History of the 105 series commuter EMU - Part 2]. Japan Railfan Magazine. 52 (614): 120–123.

[railfan616-5] Fukuhara, Shunichi (August 2012). 105系通勤形電車のあゆみその３ [History of the 105 series commuter EMU - Part 3]. Japan Railfan Magazine. 52 (616): 96–101.

[neko1992-6] JR全車輛ハンドブック'92 [JR Rolling Stock Handbook 1992]. Japan: Neko Publishing. 1992. p. 242.

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v t e Electric multiple units of Japanese National Railways
DC commuter/suburban	12 63 70 72 101 103 105 111 113 115 117 119 121 123 201 203 205 207 211 213 301
DC express/limited express	52 80 151 153 155 157 159 161 165 167 169 181 183 185 187 189 381
AC/DC commuter/suburban	401 403 411 413 415 417 419 421 423
AC/DC express/limited express	451 453 455 457 471 473 475 481 483 485 487 489 581 583
AC commuter/suburban	711 713 715 717
AC limited express	781
Non-revenue/experimental	141 143 145 147 191 193 443 495 591 791
This list shows all JNR EMUs, both active and withdrawn. Shinkansen types are omitted.