10th century in Denmark
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The 10th century in Denmark saw the emergence of the country into historical records and the conversion of the country to Christianity. The 950s are when the first records of the state of Denmark (Tan-marker) appeared.[1]
Monarchs
[edit]- Gorm the Old, 940–958
- Harald Bluetooth, 940–986
- Sweyn Forkbeard, 986–1014
Events
[edit]910s
940s
- 940 – Around this year, Harald Bluetooth becomes king, ruling with his father Gorm the Old.[2] Bluetooth will later impose Christianity on his people.[3]
- 942 – William I, Duke of Normandy offers asylum to Harald, and restores him to his throne by force. William I is assassinated later that year.[4] However, the "Haigrold" described by the chronicler was possibly King Harald Greycloak of Norway or different Viking.[5]
- 947 – The Norwegian Eric Bloodaxe is elected King of York. He is deposed when the English king Eadred marches north, and flees to Denmark.[6]
- 949 – Eric Bloodaxe returns from Denmark to England. He will be killed in battle in 952.[6]
950s
- 950 – Gorm the Old conquers most of Denmark.[7]
- 950 – Denmark under Gorm's son Harald Bluetooth conquers Norway.[8]
960s
- c. 965 – Harald Bluetooth raises the larger Jelling Stone, taking credit for the unification of Denmark and Christianizing the Danes.[11]
- 965 – Tartushi visits Hedeby.[12]
970s
- 970 – the wedding of Harald Bluetooth and Tove of the Obotrites
- 974 – Hedeby falls to the Holy Roman Empire
- 975 – Harald Bluetooth tries to force Christianity upon Haakon Sigurdsson, who then turns against him.
980s
- 980s – Viking raids against England resume during the minority of Æthelred the Unready.[13]
- 980 – Struggling to unite Denmark, Harald Bluetooth builds at least four large circular forts around this time.[14]
- 980 – Harald Bluetooth builds the first church in Zealand at Roskilde.[15]
- 983 – Hedeby returns to Denmark from the Holy Roman Empire.
- 984 – The ladies of Denmark give their gold and silver ornaments to the Jutlanders in exchange for the release of Sweyn Forkbeard.[16]
- 987 – Eric the Victorious, king of Sweden, expels Sweyn Forkbeard.[16]
- 988 – First known mention of Odense in writing.[17]
- 988 – Sweyn seizes power from his father, Harald Bluetooth.[18]
Births
[edit]- c. 910 – Gunnhild, Mother of Kings (died c. 980 in Orkney)
- c. 948 – Valtoke Gormsson (died 986 in Sweden)
- c. 960 – Sweyn Forkbeard (died 1014 in England)
- c. 990 – Cnut the Great (died 1035 in England)
- c. 997 – Harald II of Denmark (died c. 1018)
Deaths
[edit]- c. 958 – Gorm the Old (born before 900)
- c. 988 – Reginbrand
References
[edit]Citations
- ^ Robbers 2006, p. 250.
- ^ Thomas, Alastair H. (2010-05-10). The A to Z of Denmark. Scarecrow Press. p. 208. ISBN 978-0-8108-7205-9. Retrieved 2012-10-29.
- ^ Fodor's (2006-02-07). Fodor's Denmark, 5th Edition. Random House Digital, Inc. p. 230. ISBN 978-1-4000-1613-6. Retrieved 2012-10-29.
- ^ Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge (Great Britain) (1839). Penny cyclopaedia of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge. C. Knight. p. 280. Retrieved 2012-10-29.
- ^ Kendrick, T. D. (2004-04-30). A History of the Vikings. Courier Dover Publications. p. 225. ISBN 978-0-486-43396-7. Retrieved 2012-10-29.
- ^ a b Arnold-Baker (2001-03-27). Companion to British History. Taylor & Francis. p. 14. ISBN 978-0-415-18583-7. Retrieved 2012-10-29.
- ^ Sale, Richard (February 2007). Copenhagen and Denmark. New Holland Publishers. p. 13. ISBN 978-1-84537-634-5. Retrieved 2012-10-28.
- ^ Miller, George (1820). Lectures on the philosophy of modern history: delivered in the University of Dublin. Printed by Graisberry and Campbell for J. Murray. p. 239. Retrieved 2012-10-28.
- ^ Holman, Katherine (2009-06-30). The A to Z of the Vikings. Scarecrow Press. p. 105. ISBN 978-0-8108-6813-7. Retrieved 2012-10-28.
- ^ Eur (2002-12-13). Western Europe 2003. Psychology Press. p. 115. ISBN 978-1-85743-152-0. Retrieved 2012-10-28.
- ^ "The Jelling Stones". National Museum of Denmark. Archived from the original on 2012-10-22. Retrieved 2012-10-28.
- ^ "al-Tartushi on Hedeby". Anders Winroth. Retrieved 2012-10-29.
- ^ Hooper & Bennett 1996, p. 35.
- ^ Gravett 2001, p. 128.
- ^ DK Publishing 2010, p. 140.
- ^ a b Anderson 1732, p. 418.
- ^ "Odenses historie" (in Danish). Odense Kommune. Archived from the original on 2011-07-17. Retrieved 2012-10-01.
- ^ Richardson 2005, p. 28.
Sources
- Anderson, James (1732). Royal Genealogies, Or the Genealogical Tables of Emperors, Kings and Princes. Bettenham. p. 418. Retrieved 2012-10-28.
- DK Publishing (2010). DK Eyewitness Travel Guide: Denmark. Penguin. p. 140. ISBN 978-0-7566-7406-9. Retrieved 2012-10-28.
- Gravett, Christopher (2001). The History of Castles: Fortifications Around the World. Globe Pequot. p. 128. ISBN 978-1-58574-435-0.
- Hooper, Nicholas; Bennett, Matthew (1996-01-26). The Cambridge Illustrated Atlas of Warfare: The Middle Ages, 768–1487. Cambridge University Press. p. 36. ISBN 978-0-521-44049-3. Retrieved 2012-10-28.
- Richardson, Hazel (2005-04-01). Life Of The Ancient Vikings. Crabtree Publishing Company. p. 28. ISBN 978-0-7787-2044-7. Retrieved 2012-10-28.
- Robbers, Gerhard (2006-11-01). Encyclopedia of World Constitutions. Infobase Publishing. p. 250. ISBN 978-0-8160-6078-8. Retrieved 2012-10-28.
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