111th United States Congress

111th United States Congress
110th ← → 112th
United States Capitol (2009)
January 3, 2009 – January 3, 2011
Members	100 senators 435 representatives 6 non-voting delegates
Senate majority	Democratic
Senate President	Dick Cheney (R)[a] (until January 20, 2009) Joe Biden (D) (from January 20, 2009)
House majority	Democratic
House Speaker	Nancy Pelosi (D)
Sessions
1st: January 6, 2009 – December 24, 2009 2nd: January 5, 2010 – December 22, 2010

The 111th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government from January 3, 2009, until January 3, 2011. It began during the last weeks of the George W. Bush administration, with the remainder spanning the first two years of Barack Obama's presidency. It was composed of the Senate and the House of Representatives. The apportionment of seats in the House was based on the 2000 U.S. census.^[1][2][3]

In the November 2008 elections, the Democratic Party increased its majorities in both chambers (including – when factoring in the two Democratic caucusing independents – a brief filibuster-proof 60-40 supermajority in the Senate), and with Barack Obama being sworn in as president on January 20, 2009, this gave Democrats an overall federal government trifecta for the first time since the 103rd Congress in 1993.

However, the Senate supermajority only lasted for a period of 72 working days while the Senate was actually in session. A new delegate seat was created for the Northern Mariana Islands.^[4] The 111th Congress had the most long-serving members in history: at the start of the 111th Congress, the average member of the House had served 10.3 years, while the average Senator had served 13.4 years.^[5] The Democratic Party would not simultaneously control both the U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate again until more than a decade later, during the 117th Congress.

The 111th Congress was the most productive congress since the 89th Congress.^[6] It enacted numerous significant pieces of legislation, including the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act, the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, the Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, and the New START treaty.

• January 2009: Two Senate seats were disputed when the Congress convened:
  1. An appointment dispute over the Illinois seat vacated by President Barack Obama arose following Illinois Governor Rod Blagojevich's solicitation of bribes in exchange for an appointment to the Senate. Roland Burris (D) was appointed to the seat on December 31, 2008, but his credentials were not accepted until January 12, 2009.
  2. An election dispute over the Minnesota seat previously held by Norm Coleman (R), between Coleman and challenger Al Franken (D), was decided on June 30, 2009, in favor of Franken.^[7] Franken's admission briefly gave the Senate Democratic caucus 60 votes, enough to defeat a filibuster in a party-line vote.^[8]
• January 8, 2009: Joint session counted the Electoral College votes of the 2008 presidential election.^[9]
• January 20, 2009: Barack Obama became 44th President of the United States.
• February 24, 2009: President Obama addressed a joint session of Congress
• April 28, 2009: Senator Arlen Specter switched from the Republican Party to the Democratic Party.^[10]
• September 9, 2009: President Obama addressed a joint session of Congress to promote health care reform, which Representative Joe Wilson (R) interrupted by shouting at the President.^[11]
• January 21, 2010: Citizens United v. FEC: The U.S. Supreme Court struck down limits on campaign contributions by nonprofits, corporations, labor unions and other associations.
• January 25, 2010: 2010 State of the Union Address
• February 4, 2010: Republican Scott Brown's election to the Senate ended the Democratic super-majority.^[12]
• April 20 – September 19, 2010: Deepwater Horizon oil spill
• November 2, 2010: 2010 general elections, in which Republicans regained control of the House while the Democrats remained in control of the Senate.

• January 29, 2009: Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act of 2009, Pub. L. 111–2 (text) (PDF)
• February 4, 2009: Children's Health Insurance Program Reauthorization Act (SCHIP), Pub. L. 111–3 (text) (PDF)
• February 17, 2009: American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA), Pub. L. 111–5 (text) (PDF)
• March 11, 2009: Omnibus Appropriations Act, 2009, Pub. L. 111–8 (text) (PDF)
• March 30, 2009: Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009, Pub. L. 111–11 (text) (PDF)
• April 21, 2009: Edward M. Kennedy Serve America Act, Pub. L. 111–13 (text) (PDF)
• May 20, 2009: Fraud Enforcement and Recovery Act of 2009, Pub. L. 111–21 (text) (PDF)
• May 20, 2009: Helping Families Save Their Homes Act of 2009, Pub. L. 111–22 (text) (PDF)
• May 22, 2009: Weapon Systems Acquisition Reform Act of 2009, Pub. L. 111–23 (text) (PDF)
• May 22, 2009: Credit CARD Act of 2009, Pub. L. 111–24 (text) (PDF)
• June 22, 2009: Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act, as Division A of Pub. L. 111–31 (text) (PDF)
• June 24, 2009: Supplemental Appropriations Act of 2009 including the Car Allowance Rebate System (Cash for Clunkers), Pub. L. 111–32 (text) (PDF)
• October 15, 2009: Enhanced Partnership with Pakistan Act, Pub.L. 111-73
• October 28, 2009: National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2010, including the Matthew Shepard and James Byrd Jr. Hate Crimes Prevention Act, Pub. L. 111–84 (text) (PDF)
• November 6, 2009: Worker, Homeownership, and Business Assistance Act of 2009, Pub. L. 111–92 (text) (PDF)
• November 11, 2009: Military Spouses Residency Relief Act of 2010, Pub.L. 111-97
• December 16, 2009: Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2010, Pub. L. 111–117 (text) (PDF)
• January 27, 2010: Emergency Aid to American Survivors of the Haiti Earthquake Act, Pub.L. 111-127
• February 12, 2010: Statutory Pay-As-You-Go Act, as Title I of Pub. L. 111–139 (text) (PDF)
• March 4, 2010: Travel Promotion Act of 2009, as Section 9 of Pub. L. 111–145 (text) (PDF)
• March 18, 2010: Hiring Incentives to Restore Employment Act, Pub. L. 111–147 (text) (PDF)
• March 23, 2010: Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, Pub. L. 111–148 (text) (PDF)
• March 30, 2010: Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010, including the Student Aid and Fiscal Responsibility Act, Pub. L. 111–152 (text) (PDF)
• May 5, 2010: Caregivers and Veterans Omnibus Health Services Act of 2010, Pub. L. 111–163 (text) (PDF)
• May 24, 2010: Lord's Resistance Army Disarmament and Northern Uganda Recovery Act, Pub.L. 111-172
• May 27, 2010: Satellite Television Extension and Localism Act (STELA), Pub.L. 111-175
• July 1, 2010: Comprehensive Iran Sanctions, Accountability, and Divestment Act of 2010, Pub. L. 111–195 (text) (PDF)
• July 21, 2010: Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, Pub. L. 111–203 (text) (PDF)
• July 22, 2010: Improper Payments Elimination and Recovery Act of 2010, Pub.L. 111-204
• July 22, 2010: Unemployment Compensation Extension Act of 2010, Pub.L. 111-205
• July 29, 2010: Tribal Law and Order Act of 2010
• August 3, 2010: Fair Sentencing Act of 2010, Pub. L. 111–220 (text) (PDF)
• August 10, 2010: Securing the Preservation of Our Enduring and Established Constitutional Heritage Act, Pub. L. 111–223 (text) (PDF)
• September 27, 2010: Small Business Jobs and Credit Act of 2010, Pub. L. 111–240 (text) (PDF)
• October 5, 2010: Rosa's Law, Pub.L. 111-256
• October 8, 2010: Twenty-First Century Communications and Video Accessibility Act (CVAA) of 2010, Pub.L. 111-260
• October 11, 2010: NASA Authorization Act of 2010, Pub.L. 111-267
• October 13, 2010: Plain Writing Act of 2010, Pub.L. 111-274
• October 15, 2010: Pre-Election Presidential Transition Act of 2010, Pub.L. 111-283
• December 8, 2010: Claims Resolution Act of 2010, Pub. L. 111–291 (text) (PDF)
• December 9, 2010: Animal Crush Video Prohibition Act, Pub.L. 111-294
• December 13, 2010: Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act of 2010, Pub. L. 111–296 (text) (PDF)
• December 15, 2010: Medicare and Medicaid Extenders Act of 2010, Pub.L. 111-309
• December 15, 2010: Commercial Advertisement Loudness Mitigation (CALM) Act, Pub.L. 111-311
• December 17, 2010: Tax Relief, Unemployment Insurance Reauthorization, and Job Creation Act of 2010, Pub. L. 111–312 (text) (PDF), H.R. 4853
• December 18, 2010: Fur Products Labeling Act, Pub.L. 111-313
• December 22, 2010: Don't Ask, Don't Tell Repeal Act of 2010, Pub. L. 111–321 (text) (PDF), H.R. 2965
• December 22, 2010: Truth In Caller ID Act of 2009, Pub.L. 111-331
• January 2, 2011: James Zadroga 9/11 Health and Compensation Act of 2010, Pub. L. 111–347 (text) (PDF), H.R. 847
• January 4, 2011: Shark Conservation Act, Pub. L. 111–348 (text) (PDF), H.R. 81
• January 4, 2011: GPRA Modernization Act of 2010, Pub.L. 111-352
• January 4, 2011: Food Safety and Modernization Act, Pub. L. 111–353 (text) (PDF), H.R. 2751
• January 4, 2011: America COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010, Pub.L. 111-358
• January 4, 2011: Local Community Radio Act, Pub.L. 111-371
• January 4, 2011: National Alzheimer's Project Act, Pub.L. 111-375
• January 7, 2011: Ike Skelton National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2011, Pub.L. 111-383

At the encouragement of the Obama administration, Congress devoted significant time considering health care reform. In March 2010, Obama signed the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act into law, the first comprehensive health care reform legislation in decades, along with further amendments in the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010. Other major reform proposals during the health care debate included:

• Affordable Health Care for America Act (known as the House bill)
• America's Healthy Future Act (known as the Baucus bill)
• Healthy Americans Act (known as the Wyden/Bennett bill)
• United States National Health Care Act (known as the Conyers bill, a single payer proposal)
• Physician Payments Sunshine Act

Proposed bills include (in alphabetical order):^[b]

• American Clean Energy and Security Act
• District of Columbia House Voting Rights Act
• DISCLOSE Act
• Domestic Partnership Benefits and Obligations Act
• DREAM Act
• Employee Free Choice Act
• Employment Non-Discrimination Act
• Federal Reserve Transparency Act of 2009
• Food Desert Oasis Act of 2009
• Food Safety Enhancement Act
• Fracturing Responsibility and Awareness of Chemicals Act
• Gun Show Loophole Closing Act of 2009
• Homeowner's Defense Act
• Military Readiness Enhancement Act
• Native Hawaiian Government Reorganization Act
• Personal Data Privacy and Security Act of 2009
• Puerto Rico Democracy Act of 2009
• Public Option Act
• Respect for Marriage Act
• Stem Cell Research Enhancement Act
• Uniting American Families Act
• Universal Right to Vote by Mail Act

• December 30, 2009: H.J.Res. 64, a continuing appropriations resolution that became unnecessary
• October 7, 2010: H.R. 3808, Interstate Recognition of Notarizations Act of 2010

• December 22, 2010: New START (111-5)

• January–April 2009: Senate held confirmation hearings for Barack Obama's cabinet.
• July 13–16, 2009: Senate Committee on the Judiciary held a hearing on Sonia Sotomayor's appointment to the United States Supreme Court.
• June 28–30, 2010: Senate Committee on the Judiciary held a hearing on Elena Kagan's appointment to the United States Supreme Court.

• H.Res. 520: Judge Samuel B. Kent: impeached June 19, 2009,^[13][14] resigned June 30, 2009, before trial;^[15][16] charges dismissed July 22, 2009.^[17][18]
• H.Res. 1031: Judge Thomas Porteous: impeached March 11, 2010,^[19][20] convicted December 8, 2010.^[21][22]

Resignations and new members are discussed in the "Changes in membership" section, below.

Senate membership Final (from November 29, 2010) January 3, 2009 – January 15, 2009 January 15, 2009 – January 20, 2009 January 20, 2009 – January 26, 2009 January 26, 2009 – April 30, 2009 April 30, 2009 – July 7, 2009 July 7, 2009 – August 25, 2009 August 25, 2009 – September 9, 2009 September 9, 2009 – September 10, 2009 September 10, 2009 – September 25, 2009 September 25, 2009 – February 4, 2010 February 4, 2010 – June 28, 2010 June 28, 2010 – July 16, 2010 July 16, 2010 – November 29, 2010

	Party (Shading indicates majority caucus)			Total
	Democratic	Independent (caucusing with Democrats)	Republican		Vacant
End of previous Congress	48	2	49	99	1
Begin	55	2	41	98	2
January 15, 2009	56			99	1
January 20, 2009	55			98	2
January 26, 2009	56			99	1
April 30, 2009	57		40
July 7, 2009	58			100	0
August 25, 2009	57			99	1
September 9, 2009			39	98	2
September 10, 2009			40	99	1
September 25, 2009	58			100	0
February 4, 2010	57		41
June 28, 2010	56			99	1
July 16, 2010	57			100	0
November 29, 2010	56		42
Final voting share	58%		42%
Beginning of the next Congress	51	2	47	100	0

	Party (Shading indicates majority caucus)		Total
	Democratic	Republican		Vacant
End of previous Congress	235	198	433	2
Begin	256	178	434	1
January 26, 2009	255		433	2
February 24, 2009	254		432	3
March 31, 2009	255		433	2
April 7, 2009	256		434	1
June 26, 2009	255		433	2
July 14, 2009	256		434	1
September 21, 2009		177	433	2
November 3, 2009	258		435	0
December 22, 2009	257	178
January 3, 2010	256		434	1
February 8, 2010	255		433	2
February 28, 2010	254		432	3
March 8, 2010	253		431	4
March 21, 2010		177	430	5
April 13, 2010	254		431	4
May 18, 2010	255		432	3
May 21, 2010		176	431	4
May 22, 2010		177	432	3
June 8, 2010		178	433	2
November 2, 2010		180	435	0
November 29, 2010		179	434	1
Final voting share	58.8%	41.2%
Non-voting members	6	0	6	0
Beginning of next Congress	193	242	435	0

Section contents: Senate: Majority (D), Minority (R) • House: Majority (D), Minority (R)

• President: Dick Cheney (R), until January 20, 2009
  • Joe Biden (D), from January 20, 2009
• President pro tempore: Robert Byrd (D), until June 28, 2010
  • Daniel Inouye (D), from June 28, 2010^[23]

• Majority Leader and Conference Chairman:^[24] Harry Reid
• Assistant Majority Leader (Majority Whip): Richard Durbin
• Democratic Caucus Vice Chairman: Charles Schumer
• Democratic Conference Secretary: Patty Murray
• Senatorial Campaign Committee Chairman: Bob Menendez
• Policy Committee Chairman: Byron Dorgan
• Steering and Outreach Committee Chairman: Debbie Stabenow
• Committee Outreach Chairman: Jeff Bingaman
• Rural Outreach Chairman: Blanche Lincoln
• Chief Deputy Whip: Barbara Boxer
• Deputy Whips: Tom Carper, Bill Nelson, and Russ Feingold

• Minority Leader: Mitch McConnell
• Assistant Minority Leader (Minority Whip): Jon Kyl
• Counselor to the Minority Leader: Bob Bennett
• Republican Conference Chairman: Lamar Alexander
• Republican Conference Vice Chairman: Lisa Murkowski,^[25] until September 17, 2010^[26]
  • John Barrasso, from September 22, 2010^[27]
• Policy Committee Chairman: John Ensign, until June 17, 2009
  • John Thune, from June 25, 2009^[25]
• National Senatorial Committee Chair: John Cornyn
• Chief Deputy Whip: Richard Burr

• Speaker: Nancy Pelosi (D)
• Assistant to the Speaker: Chris Van Hollen (D)

• Majority Leader: Steny Hoyer
• Majority Whip: Jim Clyburn
• Senior Chief Deputy Majority Whip: John Lewis
• Chief Deputy Majority Whips: Maxine Waters, John S. Tanner, Ed Pastor, Jan Schakowsky, Joseph Crowley, Diana DeGette, G. K. Butterfield, Debbie Wasserman Schultz
• Democratic Caucus Chairman: John B. Larson
• Democratic Caucus Vice-Chairman: Xavier Becerra
• Democratic Campaign Committee Chairman: Chris Van Hollen
• Steering/Policy Committee Co-Chairs: George Miller and Rosa DeLauro
• Organization, Study, and Review Chairman: Michael Capuano

• Minority Leader: John Boehner
• Minority Whip: Eric Cantor
• Chief Deputy Whip: Kevin McCarthy
• Republican Conference Chairman: Mike Pence
• Republican Conference Vice-Chairman: Cathy McMorris-Rodgers
• Republican Conference Secretary: John Carter
• Policy Committee Chairman: Thaddeus McCotter
• Republican Campaign Committee Chairman: Pete Sessions
• Ranking Member of the House Rules Committee: David Dreier

• Skip to House of Representatives, below

In this Congress, Class 3 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 2010; Class 1 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 2012; and Class 2 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 2014.

Four of the changes are associated with the 2008 presidential election and appointments to the Obama Administration, one senator changed parties, one election was disputed, two senators died, one senator resigned, and three appointed senators served only until special elections were held during this Congress.

Senate changes

State (class)	Vacated by	Reason for change	Successor	Date of successor's formal installation[d]
Minnesota (2)	Disputed	Incumbent Norm Coleman (R) challenged the election of Al Franken (D). The results were disputed, and the seat remained vacant at the beginning of the Congress. Following recounts and litigation, successor elected June 30, 2009.	Al Franken (DFL)	July 7, 2009[39]
Illinois (3)	Vacant	Barack Obama (D) resigned near the end of the previous Congress, after being elected President of the United States.[40] Successor appointed December 31, 2008, during the last Congress, but due to a credentials challenge, his credentials were not deemed "in order" until January 12, and he was not sworn in to fill his seat until 12 days after the initiation of this Congress.[41]	Roland Burris[42] (D)	January 12, 2009[41]
Delaware (2)	Joe Biden (D)	Resigned January 15, 2009, to assume the position of Vice President.[43] Successor appointed January 15, 2009, to finish the term.	Ted Kaufman[44] (D)	January 16, 2009[45]
Colorado (3)	Ken Salazar (D)	Resigned January 20, 2009, to become Secretary of the Interior. Successor appointed on January 21, 2009, and later elected for a full six-year term.	Michael Bennet[46] (D)	January 21, 2009[47]
New York (1)	Hillary Clinton (D)	Resigned January 21, 2009, to become Secretary of State. Successor appointed on January 26, 2009, and later elected to finish the term.	Kirsten Gillibrand[48] (D)	January 26, 2009
Pennsylvania (3)	Arlen Specter (R)	Changed party affiliation April 30, 2009.[30]	Arlen Specter (D)	April 30, 2009
Massachusetts (1)	Ted Kennedy (D)	Died August 25, 2009. Successor appointed September 23, 2009, to finish the term.[49][50][51]	Paul G. Kirk (D)	September 25, 2009
Florida (3)	Mel Martinez (R)	Resigned September 9, 2009, for personal reasons.[52] Successor appointed September 9, 2009, to finish the term.	George LeMieux (R)	September 10, 2009[53][54]
Massachusetts (1)	Paul G. Kirk (D)	Appointment ended February 4, 2010.[55] Successor elected in the special election for the remainder of the term ending January 3, 2013.	Scott Brown (R)[56]	February 4, 2010
West Virginia (1)	Robert Byrd (D)	Died June 28, 2010.[57] Successor appointed July 16, 2010, to finish the term.[58]	Carte Goodwin (D)[31]	July 16, 2010[59]
Delaware (2)	Ted Kaufman (D)	The appointment lasted only until the November 2010 special election, in which he was not a candidate.[60] Successor elected in the special election for the remainder of the term ending January 3, 2015.	Chris Coons (D)	November 15, 2010[61][62]
West Virginia (1)	Carte Goodwin (D)	The appointment lasted only until the November 2010 special election, in which he was not a candidate. Successor elected in the special election for the remainder of the term ending January 3, 2013.	Joe Manchin (D)	November 15, 2010[61][62]
Illinois (3)	Roland Burris (D)	The appointment lasted only until the November 2010 special election, in which he was not a candidate. Successor elected to finish the final weeks of the Congress, and a full six-year term.	Mark Kirk (R)	November 29, 2010[61][62]

Five changes are associated with appointments to the Obama Administration, four directly and one indirectly. Two representatives changed parties, one died, and five resigned. House vacancies are only filled by elections. State laws regulate when (and if) there will be special elections.

House changes

District	Vacated by	Reason for change	Successor	Date of successor's formal installation[d]
Illinois 5	Vacant	Rahm Emanuel (D) resigned near the end of the previous Congress after being named White House Chief of Staff. A special election was held April 7, 2009	Michael Quigley (D)	April 7, 2009
New York 20	Kirsten Gillibrand (D)	Resigned January 26, 2009, when appointed to the Senate. A special election was held March 31, 2009.	Scott Murphy (D)	March 31, 2009
Northern Marianas at-large	Gregorio Sablan (I)	Changed party affiliation February 23, 2009.[e]	Gregorio Sablan (D)	February 23, 2009
California 32	Hilda Solis (D)	Resigned February 24, 2009, to become U.S. Secretary of Labor. A special election was held July 14, 2009.	Judy Chu (D)	July 14, 2009
California 10	Ellen Tauscher (D)	Resigned June 26, 2009, to become U.S. Undersecretary of State for Arms Control and International Security. A special election was held November 3, 2009.	John Garamendi (D)[63]	November 3, 2009[64]
New York 23	John M. McHugh (R)	Resigned September 21, 2009, to become U.S. Secretary of the Army.[65] A special election was held November 3, 2009.	Bill Owens (D)[66]	November 3, 2009
Alabama 5	Parker Griffith (D)	Changed party affiliation December 22, 2009.[67]	Parker Griffith (R)	December 22, 2009
Florida 19	Robert Wexler (D)	Resigned January 3, 2010, to become president of the Center for Middle East Peace & Economic Cooperation.[68] A special election was held April 13, 2010.	Ted Deutch (D)	April 13, 2010
Pennsylvania 12	John Murtha (D)	Died February 8, 2010. A special election was held May 18, 2010.	Mark Critz (D)	May 18, 2010
Hawaii 1	Neil Abercrombie (D)	Resigned February 28, 2010,[69] to focus on run for Governor of Hawaii. A special election was held May 22, 2010.	Charles Djou (R)	May 22, 2010
New York 29	Eric Massa (D)	Resigned March 8, 2010,[70] due to a recurrence of his cancer, as well as an ethics investigation. A special election was held contemporaneously with the general election on November 2, 2010.	Tom Reed (R)	November 2, 2010[62][71]
Georgia 9	Nathan Deal (R)	Resigned March 21, 2010, to focus on run for Governor of Georgia. A special election runoff was held June 8, 2010.	Tom Graves (R)	June 8, 2010
Indiana 3	Mark Souder (R)	Resigned May 21, 2010, after an affair with a staff member was revealed.[72] A special election was held contemporaneously with the general election on November 2, 2010.[73]	Marlin Stutzman (R)	November 2, 2010[62]
Illinois 10	Mark Kirk (R)	Resigned November 29, 2010, after being elected U.S. Senator.	Vacant until the next Congress

Lists of committees and their party leaders for members of the House and Senate committees can be found through the Official Congressional Directory at the bottom of this article. The directory after the pages of terms of service lists committees of the Senate, House (Standing with Subcommittees, Select and Special) and Joint and, after that, House/Senate committee assignments. On the committees section of the House and Senate in the Official Congressional Directory, the committee's members on the first row on the left side shows the chairman of the committee and on the right side shows the ranking member of the committee.

• Aging (Special) (Herb Kohl, Chair; Bob Corker, Vice Chair)
• Agriculture (Blanche Lincoln, Chair; Saxby Chambliss, Ranking)
  • Domestic and Foreign Marketing, Inspection, and Plant and Animal Health (Kirsten Gillibrand, Chair; Mike Johanns, Ranking)
  • Energy, Science and Technology (Michael Bennet, Chair; John Thune, Ranking)
  • Hunger, Nutrition and Family Farms (Sherrod Brown, Chair; Richard Lugar, Ranking)
  • Production, Income Protection and Price Support (Bob Casey, Chair; Pat Roberts, Ranking)
  • Rural Revitalization, Conservation, Forestry and Credit (Debbie Stabenow, Chair; Mike Crapo, Ranking)
• Appropriations (Daniel Inouye, Chair; Thad Cochran, Ranking)
  • Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies (Herb Kohl, Chair; Sam Brownback, Ranking)
  • Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies (Barbara Mikulski, Chair; Richard Shelby, Ranking)
  • Defense (Daniel Inouye, Chair; Thad Cochran, Ranking)
  • Energy and Water Development (Byron Dorgan, Chair; Bob Bennett, Ranking)
  • Financial Services and General Government (Richard Durbin, Chair; Susan Collins, Ranking)
  • Homeland Security (Frank Lautenberg, Chair; George Voinovich, Ranking)
  • Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies (Dianne Feinstein, Chair; Lamar Alexander, Ranking)
  • Labor, Health and Human Services, Education, and Related Agencies (Tom Harkin, Chair; Arlen Specter,^[f] Ranking)
  • Legislative Branch (Ben Nelson, Chair; Lisa Murkowski, Ranking)
  • Military Construction, Veterans Affairs, and Related Agencies (Tim P. Johnson, Chair; Kay Bailey Hutchison, Ranking)
  • State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs (Patrick Leahy, Chair; Judd Gregg, Ranking)
  • Transportation, Housing and Urban Development, and Related Agencies (Patty Murray, Chair; Kit Bond, Ranking)
• Armed Services (Carl Levin, Chair; John McCain, Ranking)
  • Airland (Joe Lieberman, Chair; John Thune, Ranking)
  • Emerging Threats and Capabilities (Bill Nelson, Chair; George LeMieux, Ranking)
  • Personnel (Jim Webb, Chair; Lindsey Graham, Ranking)
  • Readiness and Management Support (Evan Bayh, Chair; Richard Burr, Ranking)
  • SeaPower (Jack Reed, Chair; Roger Wicker, Ranking)
  • Strategic Forces (Ben Nelson, Chair; David Vitter, Ranking)
• Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs (Christopher Dodd, Chair; Richard Shelby, Ranking)
  • Economic Policy (Sherrod Brown, Chair; Jim DeMint, Ranking)
  • Financial Institutions (Tim P. Johnson, Chair; Mike Crapo, Ranking)
  • Housing, Transportation, and Community Development (Robert Menendez, Chair; David Vitter, Ranking)
  • Securities, Insurance, and Investment (Jack Reed, Chair; Jim Bunning, Ranking)
  • Security and International Trade and Finance (Evan Bayh, Chair; Bob Corker, Ranking)
• Budget (Kent Conrad, Chair; Judd Gregg, Ranking)
• Commerce, Science and Transportation (Jay Rockefeller, Chair; Kay Bailey Hutchison, Ranking)
  • Aviation Operations, Safety, and Security (Byron Dorgan, Chair; Jim DeMint, Ranking)
  • Communications and Technology (John Kerry, Chair; John Ensign, Ranking)
  • Competitiveness, Innovation, and Export Promotion (Amy Klobuchar, Chair; George LeMieux, Ranking)
  • Consumer Protection, Product Safety, and Insurance (Mark Pryor, Chair; Roger Wicker, Ranking)
  • Oceans, Atmosphere, Fisheries, and Coast Guard (Maria Cantwell, Chair; Olympia Snowe, Ranking)
  • Science and Space (Bill Nelson, Chair; David Vitter, Ranking)
  • Surface Transportation and Merchant Marine Infrastructure, Safety, and Security (Frank Lautenberg, Chair; John Thune, Ranking)
• Energy and Natural Resources (Jeff Bingaman, Chair; Lisa Murkowski, Ranking)
  • Energy (Maria Cantwell, Chair; Jim Risch, Ranking)
  • National Parks (Mark Udall, Chair; Richard Burr, Ranking)
  • Public Lands and Forests (Ron Wyden, Chair; John Barrasso, Ranking)
  • Water and Power (Debbie Stabenow, Chair; Sam Brownback, Ranking)
• Environment and Public Works (Barbara Boxer, Chair; Jim Inhofe, Ranking)
  • Children's Health (Amy Klobuchar, Chair; Lamar Alexander, Ranking)
  • Clean Air and Nuclear Safety (Tom Carper, Chair; David Vitter, Ranking)
  • Green Jobs and the New Economy (Bernie Sanders, Chair; Kit Bond, Ranking)
  • Oversight (Sheldon Whitehouse, Chair; John Barrasso, Ranking)
  • Superfund, Toxics and Environmental Health (Frank Lautenberg, Chair; Jim Inhofe, Ranking)
  • Transportation and Infrastructure (Max Baucus, Chair; George Voinovich, Ranking)
  • Water and Wildlife (Ben Cardin, Chair; Mike Crapo, Ranking)
• Select Committee on Ethics (Barbara Boxer, Chair; Johnny Isakson, Vice Chair)
• Finance (Max Baucus, Chair; Charles Grassley, Ranking)
  • Energy, Natural Resources, and Infrastructure (Jeff Bingaman, Chair; Jim Bunning, Ranking)
  • Health Care (John D. Rockefeller IV, Chair; Orrin Hatch, Ranking)
  • International Trade and Global Competitiveness (Ron Wyden, Chair; Mike Crapo, Ranking)
  • Social Security, Pensions, and Family Policy (Blanche Lincoln, Chair; Pat Roberts, Ranking)
  • Taxation, IRS Oversight, and Long-Term Growth (Kent Conrad, Chair; Jon Kyl, Ranking)
• Foreign Relations (John Kerry, Chair; Richard Lugar, Ranking)
  • African Affairs (Russ Feingold, Chair; Johnny Isakson, Ranking)
  • East Asian and Pacific Affairs (Jim Webb, Chair; Jim Inhofe, Ranking)
  • European Affairs (Jeanne Shaheen, Chair; Jim DeMint, Ranking)
  • International Development and Foreign Assistance, Economic Affairs, and International Environmental Protection (Robert Menendez, Chair; Bob Corker, Ranking)
  • International Operations and Organizations, Human Rights, Democracy and Global Women's Issues (Barbara Boxer, Chair; Roger Wicker, Ranking)
  • Near Eastern and South and Central Asian Affairs (Bob Casey, Chair; Jim Risch, Ranking)
  • Western Hemisphere, Peace Corps and Narcotics Affairs (Chris Dodd, Chair; John Barrasso, Ranking)
• Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions (Tom Harkin, Chair; Mike Enzi, Ranking)
  • Children and Families (Chris Dodd, Chair; Lamar Alexander, Ranking)
  • Employment and Workplace Safety (Patty Murray, Chair; Johnny Isakson, Ranking)
  • Retirement and Aging (Barbara Mikulski, Chair; Richard Burr, Ranking)
• Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs (Joe Lieberman, Chair; Susan Collins, Ranking)
  • Contracting Oversight (Ad Hoc) (Claire McCaskill, Chair; Susan Collins Ranking)
  • Disaster Recovery (Ad Hoc) (Mary Landrieu, Chair; Lindsey Graham, Ranking)
  • Federal Financial Management, Government Information and International Security (Tom Carper, Chair; John McCain, Ranking)
  • Oversight of Government Management, the Federal Workforce and the District of Columbia (Daniel Akaka, Chair; George Voinovich, Ranking)
  • Investigations (Permanent) (Carl Levin, Chair; Tom Coburn, Ranking)
  • State, Local, and Private Sector Preparedness and Integration (Ad Hoc) (Mark Pryor, Chair; John Ensign, Ranking)
• Impeachment Trial Committee (Kent) (Claire McCaskill, Chair; Mel Martinez, Vice Chair)^[74]
• Impeachment Trial Committee (Porteous) (Claire McCaskill, Chair; Orrin Hatch, Vice Chair)^[75]
• Indian Affairs^[76] (Byron Dorgan, Chair; John Barrasso, Vice Chair)
• Intelligence (Select) (Dianne Feinstein, Chair; Kit Bond, Vice Chair)
• International Narcotics Control^[77] (Dianne Feinstein, Chair; Chuck Grassley, Co-chairman)
• Judiciary (Patrick Leahy, Chair; Jeff Sessions, Ranking)
  • Administrative Oversight and the Courts (Sheldon Whitehouse, Chair; Jeff Sessions, Ranking)
  • Antitrust, Competition Policy and Consumer Rights (Herb Kohl, Chair; Orrin Hatch, Ranking)
  • The Constitution (Russ Feingold, Chair; Tom Coburn, Ranking)
  • Crime and Drugs (Arlen Specter, Chair; Lindsey Graham, Ranking)
  • Human Rights and the Law (Dick Durbin, Chair; Tom Coburn, Ranking)
  • Immigration, Refugees, and Border Security (Chuck Schumer, Chair; John Cornyn, Ranking)
  • Terrorism and Homeland Security (Ben Cardin, Chair; Jon Kyl, Ranking)
• Rules and Administration (Chuck Schumer, Chair; Bob Bennett, Ranking)
• Small Business and Entrepreneurship (Mary Landrieu, Chair; Olympia Snowe, Ranking)
• Veterans' Affairs (Daniel Akaka, Chair; Richard Burr, Ranking)

• Agriculture (Collin C. Peterson, Chair; Frank Lucas, Ranking)
  • Conservation, Credit, Energy, and Research (Tim Holden, Chair; Bob Goodlatte, Ranking)
  • Department Operations, Oversight, Nutrition and Forestry (Joe Baca, Chair; Jeff Fortenberry, Ranking)
  • General Farm Commodities and Risk Management (Leonard Boswell, Chair; Jerry Moran, Ranking)
  • Horticulture and Organic Agriculture (Dennis Cardoza, Chair; Jean Schmidt, Ranking)
  • Livestock, Dairy, and Poultry (David Scott, Chair; Randy Neugebauer, Ranking)
  • Specialty Crops, Rural Development and Foreign Agriculture (Mike McIntyre, Chair; Mike Conaway, Ranking)
• Appropriations (David Obey, Chair; California Jerry Lewis, Ranking)
  • Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies (Rosa DeLauro, Chair; Jack Kingston, Ranking)
  • Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies (Alan Mollohan, Chair; Frank Wolf, Ranking)
  • Defense (Norman Dicks, Chair; Bill Young, Ranking)
  • Energy and Water Development (Pete Visclosky, Chair; Rodney Frelinghuysen, Ranking)
  • Financial Services and General Government (José Serrano, Chair; Jo Ann Emerson, Ranking)
  • Homeland Security (David E. Price, Chair; Hal Rogers, Ranking)
  • Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies (Jim Moran, Chair; Mike Simpson, Ranking)
  • Labor, Health and Human Services, Education, and Related Agencies (David Obey, Chair; Todd Tiahrt, Ranking)
  • Legislative Branch (Debbie Wasserman Schultz, Chair; Robert Aderholt, Ranking)
  • Military Construction, Veterans Affairs, and Related Agencies (Chet Edwards, Chair; Zach Wamp, Ranking)
  • State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs (Nita Lowey, Chair; Kay Granger, Ranking)
  • Transportation, Housing and Urban Development, and Related Agencies (John Olver, Chair; Tom Latham, Ranking)
• Armed Services (Ike Skelton, Chair; Buck McKeon, Ranking)
  • Readiness (Solomon P. Ortiz, Chair; Randy Forbes, Ranking)
  • Seapower and Expeditionary Forces (Gene Taylor, Chair; Todd Akin, Ranking)
  • Air and Land Forces (Neil Abercrombie, Chair; Roscoe Bartlett, Ranking)
  • Oversight and Investigations (Vic Snyder, Chair; Rob Wittman, Ranking)
  • Military Personnel (Susan A. Davis, Chair; Joe Wilson, Ranking)
  • Terrorism and Unconventional Threats (Adam Smith, Chair; Jeff Miller, Ranking)
  • Strategic Forces (Jim Langevin, Chair; Mike Turner, Ranking)
• Budget (John Spratt, Chair; Paul Ryan, Ranking)
• Education and Labor (George Miller, Chair; John Kline, Ranking)
  • Early Childhood, Elementary and Secondary Education (Dale Kildee, Chair; Michael N. Castle, Ranking)
  • Healthy Families and Communities (Carolyn McCarthy, Chair; Todd Platts, Ranking)
  • Health, Employment, Labor, and Pensions (Robert E. Andrews, Chair; Tom Price, Ranking)
  • Higher Education, Lifelong Learning, and Competitiveness (Rubén Hinojosa, Chair; Brett Guthrie, Ranking)
  • Workforce Protections (Lynn C. Woolsey, Chair; Cathy McMorris Rodgers, Ranking)
• Energy and Commerce (Henry Waxman, Chair; Joe Barton, Ranking)
  • Health (Frank Pallone, Chair; Nathan Deal, Ranking)
  • Energy and Environment (Ed Markey, Chair; Fred Upton, Ranking)
  • Commerce, Trade and Consumer Protection (Bobby Rush, Chair; George Radanovich, Ranking)
  • Communications, Technology and the Internet (Rick Boucher, Chair; Cliff Stearns, Ranking)
  • Oversight and Investigations (Bart Stupak, Chair; Greg Walden, Ranking)
• Energy Independence and Global Warming (Select)^[78][79] (Ed Markey, Chair; James Sensenbrenner, Ranking)
• Financial Services (Barney Frank, Chair; Spencer Bachus, Ranking)
  • Domestic Monetary Policy and Technology (Mel Watt, Chair; Ron Paul, Ranking)
  • Oversight and Investigations (Mel Watt, Chair; Judy Biggert, Ranking)
  • International Monetary Policy and Trade (Gregory Meeks, Chair; Gary Miller, Ranking)
  • Housing and Community Opportunity (Maxine Waters, Chair; Shelley Moore Capito, Ranking)
  • Financial Institutions and Consumer Credit (Luis Gutierrez, Chair; Jeb Hensarling, Ranking)
  • Capital Markets, Insurance, and Government-Sponsored Enterprises (Paul Kanjorski, Chair; Scott Garrett, Ranking)
• Foreign Affairs (Howard Berman, Chair; Ileana Ros-Lehtinen, Ranking)
  • Africa and Global Health (Donald M. Payne, Chair; Chris Smith, Ranking)
  • Asia, the Pacific, and the Global Environment (Eni Faleomavaega, Chair; Donald A. Manzullo, Ranking)
  • Europe (Robert Wexler, Chair; Elton Gallegly, Ranking)
  • International Organizations, Human Rights, and Oversight (Bill Delahunt, Chair; Dana Rohrabacher, Ranking)
  • Middle East and South Asia (Gary Ackerman, Chair; Mike Pence, Ranking)
  • Terrorism, Nonproliferation, and Trade (Brad Sherman, Chair; Ed Royce, Ranking)
  • Western Hemisphere (Eliot L. Engel, Chair; Dan Burton, Ranking)
• Homeland Security (Bennie Thompson, Chair; Peter T. King, Ranking)
  • Border, Maritime and Global Counterterrorism (Loretta Sanchez, Chair; Mark Souder, Ranking)
  • Emergency Communications, Preparedness, and Response (Henry Cuellar, Chair; Charlie Dent, Ranking)
  • Emerging Threats, Cybersecurity, and Science and Technology (James Langevin, Chair; Michael McCaul, Ranking)
  • Intelligence, Information Sharing, and Terrorism Risk Assessment (Jane Harman, Chair; Dave Reichert, Ranking)
  • Management, Investigations, and Oversight (Chris Carney, Chair; Mike D. Rogers, Ranking)
  • Transportation Security and Infrastructure Protection (Sheila Jackson-Lee, Chair; Dan Lungren, Ranking)
• House Administration (Bob Brady, Chair; Dan Lungren, Ranking)
  • Capitol Security (Bob Brady, Chair; Dan Lungren, Ranking)
  • Elections (Zoe Lofgren, Chair; Kevin McCarthy, Ranking)
• Intelligence (Permanent Select) (Silvestre Reyes, Chair; Peter Hoekstra, Ranking)
  • Terrorism/HUMINT, Analysis and Counterintelligence (Mike Thompson, Chair; Mike Rogers, Ranking)
  • Technical and Tactical Intelligence (C.A. Dutch Ruppersberger, Chair;, Ranking)
  • Intelligence Community Management (Anna Eshoo, Chair; Darrell Issa, Ranking)
  • Oversight and Investigations (Robert E. Cramer, Chair; Terry Everett, Ranking)
• Judiciary (John Conyers, Chair; Lamar S. Smith, Ranking)
  • Commercial and Administrative Law (Linda T. Sánchez, Chair; Trent Franks, Ranking)
  • Constitution, Civil Rights, and Civil Liberties (Jerrold Nadler, Chair; James Sensenbrenner, Ranking)
  • Courts, the Internet, and Intellectual Property (Howard Berman, Chair; Howard Coble, Ranking)
  • Crime, Terrorism, and Homeland Security (Robert C. Scott, Chair; Louie Gohmert, Ranking)
  • Immigration, Citizenship, Refugees, Border Security, and International Law (Zoe Lofgren, Chair; Steve King, Ranking)
• Natural Resources (Nick Rahall, Chair; Doc Hastings, Ranking)
  • Energy and Mineral Resources (Jim Costa, Chair; Doug Lamborn, Ranking)
  • Insular Affairs, Oceans and Wildlife (Madeleine Bordallo, Chair; Henry E. Brown, Ranking)
  • National Parks, Forests and Public Lands (Raúl Grijalva, Chair; Rob Bishop, Ranking)
  • Water and Power (Grace Napolitano, Chair; Cathy McMorris Rodgers, Ranking)
• Oversight and Government Reform (Edolphus Towns, Chair; Darrell Issa, Ranking)
  • Domestic Policy (Dennis Kucinich, Chair; Jason Chaffetz, Ranking)
  • Federal Workforce, Post Office, and District of Columbia (Stephen Lynch, Chair; Kenny Marchant, Ranking)
  • Government Management, Organization, and Procurement (Diane Watson, Chair; Brian Bilbray, Ranking)
  • Information Policy, Census, and National Archives (Lacy Clay, Chair; Michael Turner, Ranking)
  • National Security and Foreign Affairs (John F. Tierney, Chair; [data missing], Ranking)
• Rules (Louise Slaughter, Chair; David Dreier, Ranking)
  • Legislative and Budget Process (Alcee Hastings, Chair; Lincoln Diaz-Balart, Ranking)
  • Rules and the Organization of the House (Jim McGovern, Chair; Doc Hastings, Ranking)
• Science and Technology (Bart Gordon, Chair; Ralph Hall, Ranking)
  • Space and Aeronautics (Gabby Giffords, Chair; Pete Olson, Ranking)
  • Technology and Innovation (David Wu, Chair; Adrian Smith, Ranking)
  • Research and Science Education (Daniel Lipinski, Chair; Vern Ehlers, Ranking)
  • Investigations and Oversight (Brad Miller, Chair; Paul Broun, Ranking)
  • Energy and Environment (Brian Baird, Chair; Bob Inglis, Ranking)
• Small Business (Nydia Velazquez, Chair; Sam Graves, Ranking)
  • Finance and Tax (Melissa Bean, Chair; Dean Heller, Ranking)
  • Contracting and Technology (Glenn Nye, Chair; Aaron Schock, Ranking)
  • Rural and Urban Entrepreneurship (Heath Shuler, Chair; Jeff Fortenberry, Ranking)
  • Regulations, Healthcare and Trade (Kathy Dahlkemper, Chair; Lynn Westmoreland, Ranking)
  • Investigations and Oversight (Jason Altmire, Chair; Louie Gohmert, Ranking)
• Standards of Official Conduct (Zoe Lofgren, Chair; Jo Bonner, Ranking)
• Transportation and Infrastructure (James Oberstar, Chair; John Mica, Ranking)
  • Aviation (Jerry Costello, Chair; Thomas Petri, Ranking)
  • Coast Guard and Maritime Transportation (Elijah Cummings, Chair; Frank LoBiondo, Ranking)
  • Economic Development, Public Buildings and Emergency Management (Eleanor Holmes Norton, Chair; Sam Graves, Ranking)
  • Highways and Transit (Peter DeFazio, Chair; Jimmy Duncan, Ranking)
  • Railroads, Pipelines, and Hazardous Materials (Corrine Brown, Chair; Bill Shuster, Ranking)
  • Water Resources and Environment (Eddie Bernice Johnson, Chair; Jimmy Duncan, Ranking)
• Veterans' Affairs (Bob Filner, Chair; Steve Buyer, Ranking)
  • Disability Assistance and Memorial Affairs (John Hall, Chair; Doug Lamborn, Ranking)
  • Economic Opportunity (Stephanie Herseth Sandlin, Chair; John Boozman, Ranking)
  • Health (Michael Michaud, Chair; Jeff Miller, Ranking)
  • Oversight and Investigations (Harry Mitchell, Chair; Ginny Brown-Waite, Ranking)
• Ways and Means (Sander Levin, from March 4, 2010 (acting; Dave Camp, Ranking)
  • Health (Pete Stark, Chair; Wally Herger, Ranking)
  • Social Security (John S. Tanner, Chair; Sam Johnson, Ranking)
  • Income Security and Family Support (Jim McDermott, Chair; John Linder, Ranking)
  • Trade (Sander Levin, Chair; Kevin Brady, Ranking)
  • Oversight (John Lewis, Chair; Charles Boustany, Ranking)
  • Select Revenue Measures (Richard Neal, Chair; Pat Tiberi, Ranking)
• Whole

• Economic (Rep. Carolyn Maloney, Chair; Sen. Sam Brownback, Ranking)
• The Library (Rep. Zoe Lofgren, Chair; Sen. Bob Bennett, Ranking)
• Printing, (Rep. Bob Brady, Chair; Rep. Dan Lungren, Ranking)
• Joint Committee on Taxation (Sen. Max Baucus, Chair; Sen. Chuck Grassley, Ranking)

• Architect of the Capitol: Stephen T. Ayers (acting until May 12, 2010, and starting May 12, 2010)
• Attending Physician of the United States Congress: Brian Monahan
• Comptroller General of the United States: Eugene Louis Dodaro (acting until December 22, 2010, and starting December 22, 2010)
• Director of the Congressional Budget Office: Robert A. Sunshine (acting), until January 22, 2009
  • Douglas W. Elmendorf, from January 22, 2009
• Librarian of Congress: James H. Billington
• Public Printer of the United States: Robert C. Tapella, until December 29, 2010
  • William J. Boarman, from December 29, 2010

• Chaplain: Barry C. Black (Seventh-day Adventist)
• Curator: Diane K. Skvarla
• Historian: Richard A. Baker, until 2009
  • Donald A. Ritchie, from 2009
• Parliamentarian: Alan Frumin
• Secretary: Nancy Erickson
• Librarian: Leona I. Faust
• Sergeant at Arms: Terrance W. Gainer
• Secretary for the Majority: Lula J. Davis
• Secretary for the Minority: David J. Schiappa

Employees include:^[g]

• Chaplain: Daniel P. Coughlin (Roman Catholic)
• Chief Administrative Officer: Daniel P. Beard, until July 1, 2010^[80]
  • Daniel Strodel, from July 18, 2010^[81]
• Clerk: Lorraine Miller
• Historian: Robert Remini, until 2010
  • Matthew Wasniewski, from October 20, 2010^[82]
• Parliamentarian: John V. Sullivan
• Reading Clerks: Jaime Zapata, Susan Cole
• Sergeant at Arms: Wilson "Bill" Livingood
• Inspector General: James J. Cornell,^[83] until January 2, 2010^[84]
  • Theresa M. Grafenstine, from July 30, 2010^[85]

• 2008 United States elections (elections leading to this Congress)
  • 2008 United States presidential election
  • 2008 United States Senate elections
  • 2008 United States House of Representatives elections
• 2010 United States elections (elections during this Congress, leading to the next Congress)
  • 2010 United States Senate elections
  • 2010 United States House of Representatives elections

• Members of the 111th United States Congress
• List of new members of the 111th United States Congress
• Caucuses of the United States Congress

• H.Res. 1, Electing officers of the House of Representatives, 111th Congress
• Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress
• 111th United States Congress Congress.gov Project at the Library of Congress
• Member Information, via U.S. House of Representatives
• Statistics and Lists, via U.S. Senate
• Membership of the 111th Congress: A Profile, Congressional Research Service, December 31, 2008
• Congressional Directory: Main Page, Government Printing Office Online. Detailed listings of many aspects of current & previous memberships and sessions of Congress.
• "Videos of House of Representatives Sessions for the 111th Congress from www.C-SPAN.org".
• "Videos of Senate Sessions for the 111th Congress from www.C-SPAN.org".
• "Videos of Committees from the House and Senate for the 111th Congress from www.C-SPAN.org".
• House of Representatives Session Calendar for the 111th Congress, 2009 calendar (PDF).
• House of Representatives Session Calendar for the 111th Congress, 2010 calendar (PDF).
• Senate Session Calendar for the 111th Congress (PDF).
• Congressional Pictorial Directory for the 111th Congress (PDF).
• "Official Congressional Directory for the 111th Congress", Congressional Directory, 1991/1992- : S. Pub., 1887