1816 in science

	… 1806; 1807; 1808; 1809; 1810; 1811; 1812; ; 1813; 1814; 1815; 1816; 1817; 1818; 1819; ; 1820; 1821; 1822; 1823; 1824; 1825; 1826 …;
	Art; Archaeology; Architecture; Literature; Music; Philosophy; Science; +...

The year 1816 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.

Botany

Botanic Gardens, Sydney, established in Australia.

Chemistry

Veuve Clicquot invents the riddling table process to clarify champagne.

Mathematics

John Farey notes the Farey sequence.^[1]

Medicine

René Laennec invents the stethoscope.^[2]
Caleb Parry publishes An Experimental Inquiry into the Nature, Cause and Varieties of the Arterial Pulse, describing the mechanisms for the pulse.^[3]

Mineralogy

Johann Fischer von Waldheim publishes Essai sur la Turquoise et sur la Calaite in Moscow, the first scientific treatise on the mineral turquoise.

Physics

Sir David Brewster (1781–1868) discovers stress birefringence.

Technology

January 9 – Sir Humphry Davy's Davy lamp is first tested underground as a coal mining safety lamp at Hebburn Colliery in north east England.^[4]
The Spider Bridge at Falls of Schuylkill, a temporary iron-wire footbridge erected across the Schuylkill River, north of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, is the first wire-cable suspension bridge in history.^[5]
Johann Nepomuk Maelzel begins production of the metronome with a scale.^[6]
Rev. Robert Stirling obtains a patent in the United Kingdom for the Stirling hot air engine.
English inventor Francis Ronalds demonstrates the practicability of the electric telegraph but it is rejected as "wholly unnecessary" at this time.^[7]^[8]^[9]
approx. date – Simeon North in New England produces a practicable milling machine for working metal.^[10]

Awards

Copley Medal: Not awarded^[11]

Births

January 2 – Anastasie Fătu, Moldavian and Romanian physician and naturalist (died 1886)
July 7 – Rudolf Wolf, Swiss astronomer (died 1893)
July 20 – Sir William Bowman, 1st Baronet, English ophthalmologist, histologist and anatomist (died 1892)
December 13 – Werner Siemens, German electrical engineer (died 1892)

Deaths

January 2 – Louis-Bernard Guyton de Morveau, French chemist (born 1737)
April 7 – Christian Konrad Sprengel, German botanist (born 1750)
September 18 – Bernard McMahon, Irish American horticulturalist (born c. 1775)
September 28 – Edward Howard, English chemist (born 1774)
December 15 – Charles Stanhope, 3rd Earl Stanhope, English engineer (born 1753)

References

^ Philosophical Magazine 47: 385–86. 1816.
^ Laennec, R. T. H. (1819). "preface". De l’Auscultation Médiate ou Traité du Diagnostic des Maladies des Poumons et du Coeur. Paris: Brosson & Chaudé.
^ "Parry, Caleb Hillier". Whonamedit?. Retrieved 2011-02-27.
^ Thompson, Roy (2004). Thunder underground: Northumberland mining disasters, 1815-1865. Ashbourne: Landmark. p. 121. ISBN 9781843061694. Retrieved 2013-01-08.
^ Peterson, Charles E. (22 March 1986). "The Spider Bridge: a curious work at the Falls of Schuylkill, 1816". Canal History and Technology Proceedings. 5: 243–59.
^ Willems, J. de Vos (1830). "The Metronome". The Harmonicon. 8. Retrieved 2011-05-18.
^ Ronalds, Francis (1823). Descriptions of an Electrical Telegraph and of some other Electrical Apparatus. London: Hunter.
^
- Ronalds, Beverley Frances. Sir Francis Ronalds: Father Of The Electric Telegraph. World Scientific, 2016. p. 142. ISBN 1783269197.
- Ronalds, B. F. (2016). "Sir Francis Ronalds and the Electric Telegraph". International Journal for the History of Engineering & Technology. 86: 42–55. doi:10.1080/17581206.2015.1119481. S2CID 113256632.
^ "August 5, 1816: Sir Francis Ronalds' telegraph design rejected". This Month in Physics History. American Physical Society. Retrieved 2020-08-03.
^ Muir, Diana. Reflections in Bullough's Pond: Economy and Ecosystem in New England. Lebanon, New Hampshire: University Press of New England. ISBN 978-0-87451-909-9.
^ "Copley Medal | British scientific award". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 21 July 2020.

[1] Philosophical Magazine 47: 385–86. 1816.

[2] Laennec, R. T. H. (1819). "preface". De l’Auscultation Médiate ou Traité du Diagnostic des Maladies des Poumons et du Coeur. Paris: Brosson & Chaudé.

[3] "Parry, Caleb Hillier". Whonamedit?. Retrieved 2011-02-27.

[4] Thompson, Roy (2004). Thunder underground: Northumberland mining disasters, 1815-1865. Ashbourne: Landmark. p. 121. ISBN 9781843061694. Retrieved 2013-01-08.

[5] Peterson, Charles E. (22 March 1986). "The Spider Bridge: a curious work at the Falls of Schuylkill, 1816". Canal History and Technology Proceedings. 5: 243–59.

[6] Willems, J. de Vos (1830). "The Metronome". The Harmonicon. 8. Retrieved 2011-05-18.

[7] Ronalds, Francis (1823). Descriptions of an Electrical Telegraph and of some other Electrical Apparatus. London: Hunter.

[8] 
Ronalds, Beverley Frances. Sir Francis Ronalds: Father Of The Electric Telegraph. World Scientific, 2016. p. 142. ISBN 1783269197.
Ronalds, B. F. (2016). "Sir Francis Ronalds and the Electric Telegraph". International Journal for the History of Engineering & Technology. 86: 42–55. doi:10.1080/17581206.2015.1119481. S2CID 113256632.

[9] Ronalds, Beverley Frances. Sir Francis Ronalds: Father Of The Electric Telegraph. World Scientific, 2016. p. 142. ISBN 1783269197.

[10] Ronalds, B. F. (2016). "Sir Francis Ronalds and the Electric Telegraph". International Journal for the History of Engineering & Technology. 86: 42–55. doi:10.1080/17581206.2015.1119481. S2CID 113256632.

[9] "August 5, 1816: Sir Francis Ronalds' telegraph design rejected". This Month in Physics History. American Physical Society. Retrieved 2020-08-03.

[10] Muir, Diana. Reflections in Bullough's Pond: Economy and Ecosystem in New England. Lebanon, New Hampshire: University Press of New England. ISBN 978-0-87451-909-9.

[11] "Copley Medal | British scientific award". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 21 July 2020.

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