1865 Gold Fields by-election

A by-election was held in the Gold Fields electorate on 29 May 1865. The by-election was won by Charles Edward Haughton, who defeated two other candidates.

Background

The Gold Fields electorate was a two-member constituency, and William Baldwin and George Brodie were the initial representatives starting with the 1863 supplementary election.^[1] Baldwin resigned, and this triggered the by-election. His resignation took effect on 27 April 1865, but it was known about well before that date.^[2] Henry Wirgman Robinson was appointed as returning officer, and he set the date for the nomination meeting for Monday, 22 May, with an election to be held if required the following Monday.^[3] Robinson also defined the polling places: thirteen courthouses throughout Otago, and six campsites.^[3]

Run up to the election

Charles Edward Haughton of Arrowtown was the first person to declare his candidacy; he was first mentioned in the newspapers on 12 April.^[4]^[5] The local Queenstown newspaper, the Lake Wakatip Mail, came out in strong opposition to Haughton and thought him unqualified to represent the electorate.^[6]

Other candidates were Messrs Manders of Queenstown, James Benn Bradshaw, Duncan Campbell, and Jackson.^[7]

Nomination meeting

The nomination meeting was held at the courthouse in Lawrence, the centre of the Tuapeka district.^[8] Manders and Jackson were delayed and could not get to the meeting in time, and their nominations were not allowed.^[9] Campbell won the show of hands at the nomination meeting by a large margin, and a poll was demanded on behalf of Haughton.^[8]

Election

Haughton received 227 votes out of a total of 506; his majority was 78 votes. Bradshaw came second with 149 votes. Campbell received 130 votes.^[10]^[11]

1865 Gold Fields by-election^[10]^[11]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Independent	Charles Edward Haughton	227	44.86
	Independent	James Benn Bradshaw	149	29.45
	Independent	Duncan Campbell	130	25.69
Majority			78	15.42
Turnout			506

Bradshaw put a protest to the returning officer regarding the deputy returning officer at Nevis not having received the official instructions until after the close of the poll. The returning officer declared that his deputy at Nevis had been sworn in as required, and that the instructions had not arrived in time was immaterial as no elector had come to the polling station during the day.^[10] The table below shows the results for the individual polling stations.^[11]

Sortable and collapsible table
Polling station	Haughton	Bradshaw	Campbell
Alexandra	32	18	0
Arrow	62	0	0
Blackstone Hill	0	11	0
Cardrona	23	0	0
Clyde	0	16	0
Cromwell	9	6	0
Dunstan Creek	2	4	9
Hamilton	0	7	8
Hindon	2	1	8
Hyde	0	0	21
Lawrence	40	3	64
Maori Point	16	19	5
Mount Benger	0	18	2
Mount Ida	0	0	1
Nevis	0	0	0
Nokomai	0	9	0
Queenstown	17	32	2
Waipori	18	1	1
Waitahuna	6	4	9
total	227	149	130

Haughton represented the Gold Fields electorate until the end of the term in 1866, and was then successful in the 1866 election in the Hampden electorate.^[12] Bradshaw stood in the 1866 election in the Gold Field Towns electorate and was also returned.^[13]

References

^ Wilson 1985, pp. 181, 185, 263.
^ Wilson 1985, p. 181.
^ ^a ^b "Election Notice". Lake Wakatip Mai l. No. 213. 13 May 1865. p. 3. Retrieved 8 January 2017.
^ "Monthly Summary of Current Events: Political". Lake Wakatip Mai l. No. 213. 13 May 1865. p. 3. Retrieved 8 January 2017.
^ "Resident Magistrate's Court". Otago Daily Times. No. 1053. 5 May 1865. p. 5. Retrieved 8 January 2017.
^ "Untitled". Lake Wakatip Mail. No. 210. 3 May 1865. p. 2. Retrieved 8 January 2017.
^ "Untitled". Lake Wakatip Mail. No. 216. 24 May 1865. p. 2. Retrieved 8 January 2017.
^ ^a ^b "Election for the Gold Fields". Otago Daily Times. No. 1070. 25 May 1865. p. 5. Retrieved 8 January 2017.
^ "The Lake Wakatip Mail". Lake Wakatip Mail. No. 217. 27 May 1865. p. 2. Retrieved 8 January 2017.
^ ^a ^b ^c "The Gold Fields Election". Otago Daily Times. No. 1085. 12 June 1865. p. 5. Retrieved 8 January 2017.
^ ^a ^b ^c "The Gold Fields Election". Otago Daily Times. No. 1085. 12 June 1865. p. 5. Retrieved 8 January 2017.
^ Wilson 1985, p. 203.
^ Wilson 1985, p. 185.

Citations

Wilson, James Oakley (1985) [First published in 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1984 (4th ed.). Wellington: V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer. OCLC 154283103.

[FOOTNOTEWilson1985181,_185,_263-1] Wilson 1985, pp. 181, 185, 263.

[FOOTNOTEWilson1985181-2] Wilson 1985, p. 181.

[Election_Notice-3] "Election Notice". Lake Wakatip Mai l. No. 213. 13 May 1865. p. 3. Retrieved 8 January 2017.

[4] "Monthly Summary of Current Events: Political". Lake Wakatip Mai l. No. 213. 13 May 1865. p. 3. Retrieved 8 January 2017.

[5] "Resident Magistrate's Court". Otago Daily Times. No. 1053. 5 May 1865. p. 5. Retrieved 8 January 2017.

[6] "Untitled". Lake Wakatip Mail. No. 210. 3 May 1865. p. 2. Retrieved 8 January 2017.

[7] "Untitled". Lake Wakatip Mail. No. 216. 24 May 1865. p. 2. Retrieved 8 January 2017.

[Nom_mtg-8] "Election for the Gold Fields". Otago Daily Times. No. 1070. 25 May 1865. p. 5. Retrieved 8 January 2017.

[9] "The Lake Wakatip Mail". Lake Wakatip Mail. No. 217. 27 May 1865. p. 2. Retrieved 8 January 2017.

[results_1-10] "The Gold Fields Election". Otago Daily Times. No. 1085. 12 June 1865. p. 5. Retrieved 8 January 2017.

[results_2-11] "The Gold Fields Election". Otago Daily Times. No. 1085. 12 June 1865. p. 5. Retrieved 8 January 2017.

[FOOTNOTEWilson1985203-12] Wilson 1985, p. 203.

[FOOTNOTEWilson1985185-13] Wilson 1985, p. 185.

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1st Parliament	Nelson, 1854 Waimea, 1854 City of Auckland, 1854
2nd Parliament	Motueka and Massacre Bay, 1856 Christchurch Country, 1856 Grey and Bell, 1856 Christchurch, 1856 Hutt, 1856 Auckland, 1858 Pensioner Settlements, 1858 Southern Division, 1858 Grey and Bell, 1858 Waimea, 1858 Wairau, 1858 Town of Lyttelton, 1858 Akaroa, 1858 Dunedin Country, 1858 Wairarapa and Hawkes Bay, 1858 Wellington, 1858 Wellington Country, 1858 Hutt, 1858 Dunedin, 1859
Supplementary elections, 1859	Cheviot Marsden Wairarapa Wallace
2nd Parliament (continued)	Waimea, 1859 Christchurch, 1860 Suburbs of Auckland, Jan 1860 Suburbs of Auckland, Apr 1860 Suburbs of Auckland, Aug 1860 Dunedin Country, 1860 Christchurch Country, 1860 Auckland, 1860 Omata, 1860 County of Hawke, 1860 Northern Division, 1860 Grey and Bell, 1860
3rd Parliament	Grey and Bell, 1861 Suburbs of Nelson, 1861 Napier, 1861 Wanganui, 1861 Dunedin, 1862 New Plymouth, 1862 Ellesmere, 1862 Avon, 1862 Heathcote, 1862 Auckland West, 1862 Bruce, 1862 Hampden, 1862
Supplementary elections, 1863	Dunedin and Suburbs North Gold Fields
3rd Parliament (continued)	Dunedin and Suburbs South, 1863 Hampden, 1863 Kaiapoi, 1863 Dunedin and Suburbs North, 1863 New Plymouth, 1863 Heathcote, 1863 Akaroa, 1863 Franklin, 1864 New Plymouth, 1864 Waimea, 1864 Bruce, Apr 1865 Raglan, 1865 Parnell, 1865 New Plymouth, 1865 Bruce, Jul 1865 Gold Fields, 1865 Rangitikei, 1865 Omata, 1865 Wairarapa, 1865
4th Parliament	Mount Herbert, 1866 Port Chalmers, 1866 Dunedin, 1867 City of Christchurch, 1867 Avon, 1867 Manuherikia, 1867 Wanganui, 1867 New Plymouth, 1867 Auckland West, 1867 Raglan, 1867 Parnell, 1867 Port Chalmers, 1867 Waimea, 1867 Lyttelton, 1867 Kaiapoi, 1867 Picton, 1867 Pensioner Settlements, 1867 Ashley, 1867 Omata, 1868 Collingwood, 1868 Westland Boroughs, 1868
Supplementary elections, 1868	Westland North Westland South
First Māori elections	Eastern Maori Northern Maori Southern Maori Western Maori
4th Parliament (continued)	Avon, 1868 Picton, 1868 Rangitikei, 1868 Franklin, 1868 Waikouaiti, 1868 Lyttelton, 1868 Timaru, 1868 Nelson, 1868 Marsden, 1869 Roslyn, 1869 Dunedin, 1869 Newton, 1869 Waikouaiti, 1869 New Plymouth, 1869 Wallace, 1869 Oamaru, 1869 Taieri, 1869 Bruce, 1870 Mongonui, 1870 Caversham, 1870 Omata, 1870 Parnell, 1870 Riverton, 1870 Westland North, 1870 City of Christchurch, 1870
5th Parliament	Auckland West, 1871 Roslyn, 1871 Wairau, 1872 Waikato, 1872 Wakatipu, 1872 Rodney, 1872 Nelson, 1872 Waikouaiti, 1872 Coleridge, 1872 Heathcote, 1872 Caversham, 1872 Egmont 1872 Suburbs of Nelson, 1873 Lyttelton, 1873 Invercargill, 1873 Waikouaiti, 1873 Mongonui and Bay of Islands, 1873 Wakatipu, 1873 Collingwood, 1873 Franklin, 1874 Akaroa, 1874 Dunedin, 1874 Waitemata,1874 Kaiapoi, 1875 Auckland West, 1875 Rangitikei, 1875 Waikouaiti, 1875 Wairau, 1875 Wallace, 1875 Caversham, 1875
6th Parliament	Auckland West, 1876 Wanganui, 1876 Napier, 1877 Wellington, 1877 Totara, 1877 City of Auckland West, 1877 Wairarapa, 1877 Wellington, 1878 Parnell, 1878 Timaru, 1878 Port Chalmers, 1878 Franklin, 1878 Cheviot, 1878 Grey Valley, 1878 Hokitika, 1878 Dunedin, 1878 Taieri, 1878 Invercargill, 1878 Waipa, 1878 Roslyn, 1878 Gladstone, 1879 Mataura, 1879 Nelson, 1879 Auckland West, 1879 Coleridge, 1879 Hutt, 1879 Eastern Maori, 1879 Southern Maori, 1879 Dunedin, 1879
7th Parliament	Rangitikei, 1880 Waitaki, 1880 Waikaia, 1880 Suburbs of Nelson, 1881 Southern Maori, 1881 Nelson, 1881 Grey Valley, 1881
8th Parliament	Franklin North, 1882 Wakanui, 1882 Stanmore, 1882 Peninsula, 1883 Selwyn, 1883 Inangahua, 1883 Bruce, 1883 Selwyn, 1884 Thorndon, 1884 Kaiapoi, 1884 East Coast, 1884
9th Parliament	Oamaru, 1885 Tauranga, 1885 Waimea, 1885 Southern Maori, 1885 Wakanui, 1885 Bruce, 1885 Sydenham, 1886 Dunedin Central, 1886 Waitemata, 1886 Western Maori, 1886 Heathcote, 1887 Port Chalmers, 1887 Te Aro, 1887 Northern Maori, 1887 Avon, 1887
10th Parliament	Ashley, 1888 Lincoln, 1889 Nelson, 1889 Christchurch North, 1889 Oamaru, 1889 Waipa, 1889 East Coast, 1889 Timaru, 1890