The 1952 Soviet football championship was the 20th seasons of competitive football in the Soviet Union and the 14th among teams of sports societies and factories. Spartak Moscow won the championship becoming the Soviet domestic champions for the fourth time and the first after World War II, the Spartak's main rivals Dinamo again had a difficult season struggling only for the second.
The defending champions CDSA were expelled from the league for the poor performance of the USSR national football team at the 1952 Summer Olympics in Helsinki. The Class A started late mid-summer consisting only of a single round-robin with almost all games played in Moscow.