1999 Indonesian presidential election

1999 Indonesian presidential election

20–21 October 1999
Presidential election
← 1998 20 October 1999 2004 →
700 members of the People's Consultative Assembly 351 votes needed to win
Turnout	98.71% ( 5.64pp)
Candidate Abdurrahman Wahid Megawati Sukarnoputri Party PKB PDI-P Electoral vote 373 313 Percentage 54.37% 45.63%
Votes of the People's Consultative Assembly   Abdurrahman Wahid: 373   Megawati Sukarnoputri: 313   Invalid/blank: 5   Abstentions: 9
President before election B. J. Habibie Golkar Elected President Abdurrahman Wahid PKB
Vice-presidential election
← 1998 21 October 1999 2001 →
700 members of the People's Consultative Assembly 351 votes needed to win
Turnout	97.86% ( 2.14pp)
Candidate Megawati Sukarnoputri Hamzah Haz Party PDI-P PPP Electoral vote 396 284 Percentage 58.24% 41.76%
Votes of the People's Consultative Assembly   Megawati Sukarnoputri: 396   Hamzah Haz: 284   Invalid/blank: 5   Abstentions: 15
Vice President before election Vacant Elected Vice President Megawati Sukarnoputri PDI-P

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From 20 to 21 October 1999, the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR), the legislative branch of Indonesia, met to elect both the president and vice president of the country for a five-year term. The incumbent president, B. J. Habibie, declined to stand for election. On 20 October, Abdurrahman Wahid, chairman of the Nahdlatul Ulama, was elected president and inaugurated on the same day. Wahid's opponent, Megawati Sukarnoputri was subsequently elected vice president the next day.^[1] The elections represented the first relatively democratic and peaceful transfer of power in the history of Indonesia.^[2]

In October, the People's Consultative Assembly made up of the People's Representative Council and 200 nominated members from the military and selected civilians, a total of 700, met to elect the president and vice president.

There were initially four candidates for the presidency; Abdurrahman Wahid, B. J. Habibie, Megawati Sukarnoputri, and Yusril Ihza Mahendra. However, Habibie refused the nomination from Golkar after his accountability speech was rejected by the MPR the day before election, while Yusril withdrew his candidacy on election day.^[3]

On 20 October, PKB chairman Abdurrahman Wahid was elected, beating Megawati Sukarnoputri by 373 votes to 313, although her party (PDI-P) won the most votes in the legislative election and had one-third of the parliamentary seats. This triggered riots among Megawati's supporters. The following day, Megawati was nominated by Gus Dur's party (PKB) as vice president and got elected, beating Hamzah Haz from the PPP by 396 votes to 284. This ended the street protests.^[4][5]

This was the first and only democratically indirect presidential election in Indonesia and the first presidential election that did not feature a candidate from the ruling party (Golkar).