1999 in paleontology
From Wikipedia - Reading time: 21 min
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Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils.[1] This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1999.
| 1999 in science |
|---|
| Fields |
| Technology |
| Social sciences |
| Paleontology |
| Extraterrestrial environment |
| Terrestrial environment |
| Other/related |
Flora
[edit]Ferns and fern allies
[edit]| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Type locality | Location | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Gen et sp nov |
valid |
Stockey, Nishida, & Rothwell |
An athyriaceous fern |
Cycads
[edit]| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Type locality | Location | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Sp nov |
valid |
Kvaček & Manchester |
An eostangerioid zamiaceous cycad. |
Angiosperms
[edit]| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Type locality | Location | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
comb nov |
valid |
(Kryshtofovich) Manchester |
A mallow relative, |
|||||
|
Sp nov |
Valid |
Borgardt & Pigg |
Middle Miocene |
"Yakima Canyon Flora" |
A white oak, permineralized acorns |
 | ||
|
Comb nov |
valid |
(Manchester) Manchester |
A lardizabalaceous species; |
Arthropods
[edit]Insects
[edit]| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Comb nov |
Valid |
(Vierbergen & Scheven) |
Burdigalian |
Dominican amber |
A myrmicinae ant, |
 | ||
|
Sp nov |
Valid |
De Andrade & Baroni Urbani |
Burdigalian |
Dominican amber |
A myrmicinae ant. |
 | ||
|
Sp nov |
Valid |
De Andrade & Baroni Urbani |
Burdigalian |
Dominican amber |
A myrmicinae ant. |
 | ||
|
Sp nov |
Valid |
De Andrade & Baroni Urbani |
Burdigalian |
Dominican amber |
A myrmicinae ant. |
 | ||
|
Comb nov |
valid |
(Vierbergen & Scheven, 1995) |
Burdigalian |
Dominican amber |
A myrmicinae ant, |
 | ||
|
Sp nov |
Valid |
Riou |
Turolian |
A formicine ant. |
 | |||
|
Sp nov |
valid |
Aguiar & Janzen |
A stephanid wasp |
|||||
|
Sp nov |
jr synonym |
Aguiar & Janzen |
A stephanid wasp, |
|||||
|
sp. nov |
valid |
A neoephemerid mayfly |
_plate1,_fig_B.png) | |||||
|
sp. nov |
valid |
Rust & Andersen |
A Myrmeciinae ant |
 | ||||
|
Comb nov |
valid |
(Scudder) |
A bibionid fly |
Mollusca
[edit]Newly named bivalves
[edit]| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
sp nov |
Valid |
Sánchez |
third species in the genus |
|||||
|
subfam nov |
Valid |
Sánchez |
one of two Subfamilies in Praenuculidae |
|||||
|
Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Sánchez |
Monotypic with the species C. symmetricus |
|||||
|
Gen et sp nov |
Sánchez |
genus name preoccupied by Emiliania Hay & Mohler, 1967, renamed to Emiliodonta |
||||||
|
Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Sánchez |
third genus in the subfamily Concavodontinae |
|||||
|
subfam nov |
Valid |
Sánchez |
one of two Subfamilies in Praenuculidae |
|||||
|
Sp nov |
Valid |
Cope |
Gilfach Farm No. 1 Borehole |
oldest species in the genus Similodonta |
||||
|
Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Sánchez |
Monotypic with the species T. acuta |
|||||
|
Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Sánchez |
Monotypic with the species V. canteraensis |
Fish
[edit]Newly named actinopterygii ("ray-finned fish")
[edit]| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
gen et sp nov |
Valid |
C. Sorbini & L. Sorbini |
Campanian |
Nardo |
 |
Reptiles
[edit]Archosauromorphs
[edit]- Ornithomimid gastroliths documented.[19]
Newly named dinosauriforms
[edit]| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Sullivan & Lucas |
Chinle Formation, New Mexico |
Sister genus to the Dinosaurs; first identified as a relative of coelophysid. |
Newly named dinosaurs
[edit]Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list.[21]
| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
A large dromaeosaurid. |
 | |||||
|
Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
An armored sauropod |
 | |||||
|
gen nov |
A dromaeosaurid, now Kuru kulla, which was later described in 2021. |
|||||||
|
Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Cedar Mountain Formation, Utah |
Nodosaur whose name means "living citadel." |
 | ||||
|
Hoax |
Stephen Czerkas vide:C. P. Sloan vide:Olson |
Chimera of Yanornis and Microraptor. |
||||||
|
gen et sp nov |
Valid |
A primitive sauropod |
||||||
|
gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Xu, Tang, & Wang |
 | |||||
|
Burge, Bird, McClelland, & Cicconetti |
Cedar Mountain Formation, Utah |
informal name for Cedarpelta. |
||||||
|
gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Tidwell, Carpenter, & Brooks |
Cedar Mountain Formation, Utah |
A sauropod. |
||||
|
gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Zhao, Cheng, & Xu |
An extremely primitive ceratopsian |
 | ||||
|
gen et sp nov |
Valid |
|
A diplodocid. |
|||||
|
gen nov |
Knoll |
A ?hypsilophodont that hasn't yet been formally named. |
||||||
|
gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Kellner & Azevedo |
||||||
|
gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Bonaparte, Ferigolo, & Ribeiro |
A sauropodomorph. |
 | ||||
| Jobaria[35] |
gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Sereno, et al |
 | ||||
|
gen et sp nov |
Valid |
A primitive sauropodomorph |
 | |||||
|
gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Sanz et al |
A titanosaur. |
|||||
|
gen et sp nov |
Valid |
A hadrosaur |
 | |||||
| "Newtonsaurus"[39] |
gen et sp nov |
Welles vide: Welles & Pickering |
Informal name |
 | ||||
|
gen et sp nov |
Valid |
|
 | |||||
|
gen et sp nov |
Valid taxon |
|
An ankylosaurid |
|||||
|
gen nov |
Knoll |
informal name for Hexinlusaurus |
||||||
|
gen et sp nov |
Valid |
A possible hypsilophodontid |
 | |||||
|
gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Kellner |
A theropod |
 | ||||
|
gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Langer, Abdala, Richter, & Benton |
A basal sauropodomorph |
 | ||||
|
gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Xu, Wang, & Wu |
 | |||||
|
Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Allain et at |
||||||
|
Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Rich et al |
Newly named birds
[edit]| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Late Pliocene |
|
An Accipitridae. |
||||
|
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Early Eocene |
|
An Anseranatidae, Anatalavinae Olson, 1999. In 2002 Jíří Mlíkovský made this species the type species of his not widely accepted new genus Nettapterornis.[49] |
||||
|
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Late Pliocene |
|
An Accipitridae. |
||||
|
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Late Eocene |
Northern Caucasus |
An Apodiformes, Jungornithidae Karkhu, 1988. |
||||
|
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Middle Maastrichtian |
A Hesperornithidae Marsh, 1872. |
|||||
|
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
A Confuciusornithidae Hou, Zhou, Gu et Zhang, 1995. |
||||||
|
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
An Anhimidae. |
||||||
|
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
A Phasianidae. |
||||||
|
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
A Confuciusornithidae Hou, Zhou, Gu et Zhang, 1995. |
||||||
|
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
A Rallidae. |
||||||
|
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Late Pleistocene-Holocene |
An Emberizidae. |
|||||
|
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Late Eocene |
Early Chadronian |
|
A ?Cuculidae. |
|||
|
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
An Enantiornithes Walker, 1981, Eoenantiornithiformes Hou, Martin, Zhou et Feduccia, 1999, Eoenantiornithidae Hou, Martin, Zhou et Feduccia, 1999, this is the type species of the new genus. |
||||||
|
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Late Pliocene |
A Falconidae. |
|||||
|
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Late Pliocene |
A Rallidae. |
|||||
|
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Late Maastrichtian, |
|
A Graculavidae Fürbringer, 1888. |
||||
|
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
An Enantiornithes Walker, 1981, Alexornithiformes Brodkorb, 1976, Enantiornithidae Nessov & Borkin, 1983. |
||||||
|
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Ornithothoraces Chiappe et Calvo, 1994, this is the type species of the new genus. Vescornis hebeiensis Zhang, Ericson et Zhou, 2004. is a junior synonym.[65] |
||||||
|
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
A Liaoxiornithidae L. H. Hou et Chen, 1999, this is the type species of the new genus. Lingyuanornis parvus Ji & Ji, 1999. is a junior synonym.[67] |
||||||
|
Gen, nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
?Early Miocene |
An Oriolidae, this is the type species of the new genus. |
|||||
|
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Late Pliocene |
A Fringillidae. |
|||||
|
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Middle Eocene |
A stem Podargidae, this is the type species of the new genus. |
|||||
|
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Late Oligocene |
A stem Megapodiidae, this is the type species of the new genus. |
|||||
|
Sp. nov. |
Valid ? |
Early Miocene |
A Jacanidae. Mourer-Chauviré, 1999 transferred this species to the genus Geranopterus Milne-Edwards, 1892 and later it was placed in the Geranopteridae Mayr & Mourer-Chauviré, 2000.[73] |
|||||
|
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Middle Eocene |
A stem Nyctibiidae, this is the type species of the new genus. |
|||||
|
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Middle Eocene |
A stem Nyctibiidae. |
|||||
|
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Early Pliocene |
|
A Pelecanidae. |
||||
|
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Middle Oligocene |
A stem Trogonidae, the type species of the new genus. |
|||||
|
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Middle Eocene |
Order and family Incerta Sedis, the type species of the new genus. |
|||||
|
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Late Pliocene |
A Regulidae. |
|||||
|
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Late Pliocene |
A Scolopacidae. |
|||||
|
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Middle Eocene |
A Coliiformes, Selmeidae Zelenkov et Dyke, 2008, the type species of the new genus. |
|||||
|
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Late Pleistocene-Early Holocene |
A Tytonidae. |
|||||
|
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Early Late Cretaceous |
An Enentiornithes, this is the type species of the new genus. |
Newly named pterosaurs
[edit]| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
gen nov |
Valid |
Ji S.-A., Ji Q., & Padian |
A new genus for "Dendrorhynchus" curvidentatus (Ji & Ji, 1998) |
|||||
|
gen et sp nov |
Mader & Kellner |
possibly a jr synonym of Coloborhynchus? |
||||||
|
gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Unwin & Heinrich |
Monotypic with the species T. recki |
Lepidosauromorphs
[edit]Newly named plesiosaurs
[edit]| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
gen nov |
Valid |
New genus for the species "Alzadasaurus" colombiensis Wells, 1962 |
Newly named scincomorphans
[edit]| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
gen nov |
Valid |
Gao and Cheng |
Early Cretaceous |
Eastern China |
Has a distinctly small amount of dentary teeth. |
Other Animals
[edit]| Name | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Charniodiscus yorgensis | Disputed | Borchvardt et Nessov | Ediacaran | Zimnie Gory Formation and Ust-Pinega Formation |  Russia
|
References
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- ^ Kvaček, Z.; Manchester, S.R. (1999-05-01). "Eostangeria Barthel (Extinct Cycadales) from the Paleogene of Western North America and Europe". International Journal of Plant Sciences. 160 (3): 621–629. doi:10.1086/314152. ISSN 1058-5893. JSTOR 10.1086/314152. S2CID 83978433.
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- ^ Borgardt, S. J.; Pigg, K. B. (1999). "Anatomical and developmental study of petrified Quercus (Fagaceae) fruits from the Middle Miocene, Yakima Canyon, Washington, USA". American Journal of Botany. 86 (3): 307–325. doi:10.2307/2656753. JSTOR 2656753. PMID 10077494.
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- ^ Sullivan, R.M.; Lucas, S.G. (1999). "Eucoelophysis baldwini, a new theropod dinosaur from the Upper Triassic of New Mexico, and the status of the original types of Coelophysis". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 19 (1): 81–90. doi:10.1080/02724634.1999.10011124.
- ^ Olshevsky, George. "Dinogeorge's Dinosaur Genera List". Archived from the original on 2011-07-15. Retrieved 2008-08-07.
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- ^ Bonaparte, J.F., J. Ferigolo, and A.M. Ribeiro. (1999). A new early Late Triassic saurischian dinosaur from Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. In: Proceedings of the Second Gondwanan Dinosaur Symposium (Y. Tomida, T.H. Rich, and P. Vickers-Rich, eds.): pp. 89-109.
- ^ a b Sereno, P.C; Allison, L.; Beck, D.B.; Dutheil, H.C.E.; Larsson, G.H.; Lyon, B.M.; Rudyard, W.; Sadleir, C.; Sidor, C. A.; Varricchio, D.J.; Wilson, G.P.; Wilson, J.A. (1999). "Cretaceous sauropods from the Sahara and the uneven rate of skeletal evolution among dinosaurs". Science. 286 (5443): 1342–1347. doi:10.1126/science.286.5443.1342. PMID 10558986.
- ^ Bonaparte, J. F. (1999). "Evolución de las vértebras presacras en Sauropodomorpha". Ameghiniana. 36: 115–187.
- ^ Sanz, J.L., J.E. Powell, J. Le Loueff, R. Martinez, and X. Pereda-Suberbiola. (1999). Sauropod remains from the Upper Cretaceous of Laño (Northcentral Spain). Titanosaur phylogenetic relationships. Est. Mus. Cienc. Nat. de Alava 14 (Num. Espec. 1): pp. 235-255 [1] [2].
- ^ Taquet, P. D.A. Russell (1999). "A massively constructed iguandont from Gadoufaouna, Lower Cretaceous of Niger". Annales de Paléontologie. 85 (1): 85–96. doi:10.1016/s0753-3969(99)80009-3.
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- ^ Sullivan, R.M. (1999). "Nodocephalosaurus kirtlandensis, gen. et sp. nov., a new ankylosaurid dinosaur (Ornithischia: Ankylosauria) from the Upper Cretaceous Kirtland Formation (upper Campanian), San Juan Basin, New Mexico". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 19 (1): 126–139. doi:10.1080/02724634.1999.10011128.
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