2023 United States state legislative elections
Map of upper house elections: Democrats retained control Republicans retained control Special elections held
Map of lower house elections: Democrats gained control Democrats retained control Republicans retained control Special elections held
The 2023 United States state legislative elections were held on November 7, 2023, for eight state legislative chambers in four states.[ 1] These off-year elections coincided with other state and local elections , including gubernatorial elections in three states . Special elections were held throughout the year in several states.
The Democratic Party flipped control of Virginia's lower house, the House of Delegates , which it had lost two years earlier, and retained its majority in Virginia's upper house, the Senate . Democrats also expanded their majority in the New Jersey Legislature . The Republican Party strengthened its majorities in the Mississippi and Louisiana legislatures.
Regularly-scheduled elections were held in 8 of the 99 state legislative chambers in the United States. Nationwide, regularly-scheduled elections were or are to be held for 578 of the 7,383 legislative seats. This table only covers regularly-scheduled elections; additional special elections may take place concurrently with these regularly-scheduled elections.
Election predictions [ edit ]
Several sites and individuals publish predictions of competitive chambers. These predictions look at factors such as the strength of the party, the strength of the candidates, and the partisan leanings of the state (reflected in part by the state's Cook Partisan Voting Index rating). The predictions assign ratings to each chambers, with the rating indicating the predicted advantage that a party has in winning that election.
Most election predictors use:
"Tossup ": No advantage
"Tilt ": Advantage that is not quite as strong as "lean"
"Lean ": Slight advantage
"Likely ": Significant, but surmountable, advantage
"Safe " or "Solid ": Near-certain chance of victory
All seats of the Louisiana State Senate and the Louisiana House of Representatives were up for election to four-year terms in 2023. Republicans retained control of both chambers.
All seats of the Mississippi State Senate and the Mississippi House of Representatives were up for election to four-year terms in 2023. Republicans retained control of both chambers.
All seats of the New Jersey Senate and the New Jersey General Assembly were up for election. In 2023, senators were be elected to four-year terms in single-member districts, while Assembly members were be elected to two-year terms in two-member districts.[ 5] Democrats retained control in both chambers, expanding their majority in the General Assembly.
All seats of the Virginia Senate and the Virginia House of Delegates were up for election in 2023. Senators were elected to four-year terms, while delegates serve terms of two years. At the time of the elections, the Democrats controlled the Senate while the Republicans controlled the House of Delegates. Following the elections, the Democrats flipped control of the House of Delegates and held on to the Senate with a reduced majority.
There were fifty-one state legislative special elections scheduled for 2023.[ 6] The Democratic Party flipped a seat in the Virginia Senate on January 10 and a seat in the New Hampshire House of Representatives on September 19.[ 7] [ 8] The Republican Party flipped a seat in the Maine House of Representatives on June 13 and a seat in the Massachusetts Senate on November 7.
District
Incumbent
This race
Chamber
No.
Representative
Party
First elected
Results
Candidates
House
37
Ruth Briggs King
Republican
2009(special)
Incumbent resigned November 15, 2023, after moving out of her district.[ 13] New member elected December 21, 2023 . Republican hold.
District
Incumbent
This race
Chamber
No.
Representative
Party
First elected
Results
Candidates
House
24
Joe Harding
Republican
2020
Incumbent resigned December 8, 2022, after being indicted for wire fraud and money laundering.[ 15] New member elected May 16, 2023 . Republican hold.
House
118
Juan Fernandez-Barquin
Republican
2018
Incumbent resigned June 11, 2023, to become clerk of the court and comptroller of Miami-Dade County .[ 17] New member elected December 5, 2023 . Republican hold.
▌ Y Mike Redondo (Republican) 51.8%
▌ Johnny Farias (Democratic) 45.6%
▌ Francisco De La Paz (Independent) 2.6%[ 18]
District
Incumbent
This race
Chamber
No.
Representative
Party
First elected
Results
Candidates
House
7
David Ralston
Republican
2002
Incumbent died November 16, 2022, after a long illness.[ 19] New member elected January 31, 2023, after no one received over 50% of the vote on January 3, 2023. Republican hold.
First round:
▌ Y Sheree Ralston (Republican) 45.0%
▌ Y Johnny Chastain (Republican) 39.3%
▌ Justin Heitman (Republican) 7.4%
▌ Brian Pritchard (Republican) 6.2%
▌ Richie Stone (Republican) 2.1%[ 20]
Runoff:
▌ Y Johnny Chastain (Republican) 52.8%
▌ Sheree Ralston (Republican) 47.2%[ 21]
House
119
Terry England Redistricted from the 116th district
Republican
2004
Incumbent's term expired January 9, 2023. Representative-elect Danny Rampey withdrew prior to being seated, after being arrested for stealing prescription narcotics.[ 22] New member elected February 28, 2023, after no one received over 50% of the vote on January 31, 2023. Republican hold.
First round:
▌ Y Holt Persinger (Republican) 27.9%
▌ Y Charles Chase III (Republican) 25.5%
▌ Bill Ritter (Republican) 18.3%
▌ Renee Lord (Republican) 12.4%
▌ Shelbey Diamond Alexander (Democratic) 11.7%
▌ Joseph Grodzicki (Republican) 2.2%
▌ Joe Price (Republican) 2.0%[ 23]
Runoff:
▌ Y Holt Persinger (Republican) 59.3%
▌ Charles Chase III (Republican) 40.7%[ 24]
House
172
Sam Watson
Republican
2012
Incumbent resigned December 30, 2022, to run for State Senate .[ 25] New member elected January 31, 2023 . Republican hold.
Senate
11
Dean Burke
Republican
2013(special)
Incumbent resigned December 31, 2022, to become chief medical officer of the Georgia Department of Community Health.[ 27] New member elected January 31, 2023 . Republican hold.
▌ Y Sam Watson (Republican) 76.0%
▌ Mary Weaver-Anderson (Democratic) 23.0%
▌ John Monds (Libertarian) 1.0%[ 28]
House
75
Mike Glanton
Democratic
2012
Incumbent resigned January 24, 2023, for health reasons.[ 29] New member elected March 21, 2023 . Democratic hold.
▌ Y Eric Bell II (Democratic) 61.6%
▌ Herman Andrews (Democratic) 27.0%
▌ Della Ashley (Republican) 11.4%[ 30]
House
68
Tish Naghise
Democratic
2022
Incumbent died March 8, 2023, of a recent illness.[ 31] New member elected June 13, 2023, after no one received over 50% of the vote on May 16, 2023. Democratic hold.
First round:
▌ Y Mark Baker (Democratic) 33.1%
▌ Y Derrick Jackson (Democratic) 32.2%
▌ Taiwo Idowu (Democratic) 17.6%
▌ Jane Williams (Democratic) 13.5%
▌ John Culbreth (Democratic) 3.6%[ 32]
Runoff:
▌ Y Derrick Jackson (Democratic) 50.4%
▌ Mark Baker (Democratic) 49.6%[ 33]
District
Incumbent
This race
Chamber
No.
Representative
Party
First elected
Results
Candidates
Senate
19
Morgan McGarvey
Democratic
2012
Incumbent resigned January 1, 2023, to become a U.S. representative .[ 34] New member elected February 21, 2023 . Democratic hold.
Senate
28
Ralph Alvarado
Republican
2014
Incumbent resigned January 6, 2023, to become commissioner of the Tennessee Department of Health .[ 36] New member elected May 16, 2023 . Republican hold.
House
93
Lamin Swann
Democratic
2022
Incumbent died May 14, 2023, after being hospitalized for a medical emergency.[ 38] New member elected November 7, 2023 . Democratic hold.
District
Incumbent
This race
Chamber
No.
Representative
Party
First elected
Results
Candidates
House
93
Royce Duplessis
Democratic
2018(special)
Incumbent resigned December 6, 2022, to join the State Senate .[ 40] New member elected March 25, 2023, after no one received over 50% of the vote on February 18, 2023. Democratic hold.
First round:
▌ Y Sibil "Fox" Richardson (Democratic) 37.2%
▌ Y Alonzo Knox (Democratic) 30.6%
▌ Steven Kennedy (Democratic) 10.5%
▌ Morgan Clevenger (Democratic) 10.3%
▌ Matthew Hill (Republican) 7.0%
▌ Naj Wallace (Democratic) 4.4%[ 41]
Runoff:
▌ Y Alonzo Knox (Democratic) 54.3%
▌ Sibil "Fox" Richardson (Democratic) 45.7%[ 42]
District
Incumbent
This race
Chamber
No.
Representative
Party
First elected
Results
Candidates
House
45
Clinton Collamore
Democratic
2022
Incumbent resigned February 16, 2023, after being indicted for forging signatures to qualify for public campaign funds.[ 43] [ 44] New member elected June 13, 2023 . Republican gain .
House
50
Sean Paulhus
Democratic
2019(special)
Incumbent resigned July 14, 2023, to become register of probate of Sagadahoc County .[ 46] New member elected November 7, 2023 . Democratic hold.
District
Incumbent
This race
Chamber
No.
Representative
Party
First elected
Results
Candidates
House
Suffolk 9
Jon Santiago
Democratic
2018
Incumbent resigned March 1, 2023, to become Massachusetts' Secretary of the Executive Office of Veterans' Services.[ 48] New member elected May 30, 2023 . Democratic hold.
House
Suffolk 10
Ed Coppinger
Democratic
2010
Incumbent resigned February 28, 2023, to become head of government affairs of the Massachusetts Biotechnology Council.[ 50] New member elected May 30, 2023 . Democratic hold.
Senate
Worcester and Hampshire
Anne Gobi
Democratic
2014
Incumbent resigned June 4, 2023, to become Massachusetts' Director of Rural Affairs of the Executive Office of Economic Development.[ 51] New member elected November 7, 2023 . Republican gain .
District
Incumbent
This race
Chamber
No.
Representative
Party
First elected
Results
Candidates
House
52B
Ruth Richardson
DFL
2018
Incumbent resigned September 1, 2023, to focus on her role as president and CEO of Planned Parenthood North Central States.[ 53] New member elected December 5, 2023 . Democratic hold.
▌ Y Bianca Virnig (DFL) 58.2%
▌ Cynthia Lonnquist (Republican) 40.9%
▌ Charles Kuchlenz (Libertarian) 0.9%[ 54]
District
Incumbent
This race
Chamber
No.
Representative
Party
First elected
Results
Candidates
House
23
Charles Beckett
Republican
2003
Incumbent resigned September 22, 2022, to become executive director of the Mississippi Public Utilities Staff.[ 55] New member elected January 31, 2023, after no one received over 50% of the vote on January 10, 2023. Republican hold.[ c]
District
Incumbent
This race
Chamber
No.
Representative
Party
First elected
Results
Candidates
House
Strafford 8
Chuck Grassie
Democratic
2016
Regular election tied, resulting in a do-over election.[ 59] Incumbent re-elected February 21, 2023 . Democratic hold.
House
Hillsborough 3
Stacie-Marie Laughton
Democratic
2020
Incumbent resigned December 22, 2022, after being arrested for stalking.[ 61] New member elected May 16, 2023 . Democratic hold.
House
Grafton 16
Joshua Adjutant
Democratic
2018
Incumbent resigned April 1, 2023, after suffering a head injury while working as a security officer.[ 63] New member elected August 22, 2023 . Democratic hold.
House
Rockingham 1
Benjamin T. Bartlett IV
Republican
2022
Incumbent resigned April 26, 2023, for health reasons.[ 65] New member elected September 19, 2023 . Democratic gain .
▌ Y Hal Rafter (Democratic) 55.9%
▌ Jim Guzofski (Republican) 44.1%[ 8]
House
Hillsborough 3
David Cote
Democratic
1982
Incumbent resigned July 5, 2023, due to health issues.[ d] [ 66] New member elected November 7, 2023 . Democratic hold.
District
Incumbent
This race
Chamber
No.
Representative
Party
First elected
Results
Candidates
Assembly
27
Daniel Rosenthal
Democratic
2017(special)
Incumbent resigned July 14, 2023, to take a position at UJA-Federation of New York .[ 68] New member elected September 12, 2023 . Democratic hold.
▌ Y Sam Berger (Democratic) 55.3%
▌ ▌ David Hirsch (Republican) 44.5%
▌ Write-in 0.2%[ 69]
District
Incumbent
This race
Chamber
No.
Representative
Party
First elected
Results
Candidates
Senate
27
John Gordner
Republican
2003(special)
Incumbent resigned November 30, 2022, to become counsel to incoming President pro tempore of the Pennsylvania Senate Kim Ward .[ 72] New member elected January 31, 2023 . Republican hold.
House
32
Anthony DeLuca
Democratic
1982
Incumbent died October 9, 2022, of lymphoma.[ 74] New member elected February 7, 2023 .[ e] Democratic hold.
House
34
Summer Lee
Democratic
2018
Incumbent resigned December 7, 2022, to become a U.S. representative .[ 77] New member elected February 7, 2023 .[ e] Democratic hold.
House
35
Austin Davis
Democratic
2018(special)
Incumbent resigned December 7, 2022, to become Lieutenant Governor of Pennsylvania .[ 77] New member elected February 7, 2023 .[ e] Democratic hold.
House
108
Lynda Schlegel Culver
Republican
2010
Incumbent resigned February 28, 2023, to join the State Senate .[ 80] New member elected May 16, 2023 . Republican hold.
▌ Y Michael Stender (Republican) 58.3%
▌ Trevor Finn (Democratic) 38.2%
▌ Elijah Scretching (Libertarian) 3.5%[ 81]
House
163
Michael Zabel
Democratic
2018
Incumbent resigned March 16, 2023, following accusations of sexual harassment.[ 82] New member elected May 16, 2023 . Democratic hold.
▌ Y Heather Boyd (Democratic) 60.2%
▌ Katie Ford (Republican) 38.6%
▌ Alfe Goodwin (Libertarian) 1.2%[ 83]
House
21
Sara Innamorato
Democratic
2018
Incumbent resigned July 19, 2023, to focus on her campaign for Allegheny County executive .[ 84] New member elected September 19, 2023 . Democratic hold.
District
Incumbent
This race
Chamber
No.
Senator
Party
First elected
Results
Candidates
Senate
1
Maryellen Goodwin
Democratic
1986
Incumbent died April 15, 2023, of colorectal cancer.[ 86] New member elected November 7, 2023 . Democratic hold.
District
Incumbent
This race
Chamber
No.
Representative
Party
First elected
Results
Candidates
Senate
42
Marlon Kimpson
Democratic
2013(special)
Incumbent resigned May 11, 2023, after an appointment to the Advisory Committee for Trade Policy and Negotiations within the Office of the U.S. Trade Representative .[ 88] New member elected November 7, 2023 . Democratic hold.
▌ Y Deon Tedder (Democratic) 81.7%
▌ Rosa Kay (Republican) 17.9%
▌ Write-in 0.4%[ 89]
District
Incumbent
This race
Chamber
No.
Representative
Party
First elected
Results
Candidates
House
86
Barbara Cooper
Democratic
1996
Incumbent died October 25, 2022.[ 90] New member elected March 14, 2023 .[ f] Democratic hold.
House
3
Scotty Campbell
Republican
2020
Incumbent resigned April 20, 2023, after an ethics subcommittee found he sexually harassed two interns.[ 93] New member elected August 3, 2023. [ g] Republican hold.
House
52
Justin Jones
Democratic
2022
Incumbent expelled April 6, 2023, after violating decorum rules.[ 96] Incumbent re-elected August 3, 2023. [ h] Democratic hold.
House
86
Justin J. Pearson
Democratic
2023(special)
Incumbent expelled April 6, 2023, after violating decorum rules.[ 96] Incumbent re-elected August 3, 2023. [ i] Democratic hold.
House
51
Bill Beck
Democratic
2014
Incumbent died June 4, 2023, of a heart attack.[ 101] New member elected September 14, 2023 .[ j] Democratic hold.
▌ Y Aftyn Behn (Democratic) 75.6%
▌ David Hooven (Republican) 21.5%
▌ Annabelle Lee (Independent) 2.9%[ 103]
District
Incumbent
This race
Chamber
No.
Representative
Party
First elected
Results
Candidates
House
24
Ronnie Campbell
Republican
2018(special)
Incumbent died December 13, 2022, of cancer.[ 104] New member elected January 10, 2023 . Republican hold.
House
35
Mark Keam
Democratic
2009
Incumbent resigned September 6, 2022, to become Deputy Assistant Secretary for Travel and Tourism within the International Trade Administration .[ 106] New member elected January 10, 2023 . Democratic hold.
▌ Y Holly Seibold (Democratic) 67.7%
▌ Monique Baroudi (Republican) 32.2%
▌ Write-in 0.1%[ 107]
Senate
7
Jen Kiggans
Republican
2019
Incumbent resigned November 15, 2022, to become a U.S. representative .[ 108] New member elected January 10, 2023 . Democratic gain .
▌ Y Aaron Rouse (Democratic) 50.8%
▌ Kevin Adams (Republican) 49.1%
▌ Write-in 0.1%[ 109]
Senate
9
Jennifer McClellan
Democratic
2017(special)
Incumbent resigned March 7, 2023, to become a U.S. representative .[ 110] New member elected March 28, 2023 . Democratic hold.
▌ Y Lamont Bagby (Democratic) 89.8%
▌ Stephen Imholt (Republican) 9.9%
▌ Write-in 0.3%[ 111]
House
6
Jeff Campbell
Republican
2013
Incumbent resigned July 14, 2023, to assume a judicial appointment.[ 112] New member elected August 29, 2023 . Republican hold.
District
Incumbent
This race
Chamber
No.
Representative
Party
First elected
Results
Candidates
Senate
8
Alberta Darling
Republican
1992
Incumbent resigned December 1, 2022, for personal reasons.[ 114] New member elected April 4, 2023 . Republican hold.
Assembly
24
Dan Knodl
Republican
2008
Incumbent resigned May 3, 2023, to join the State Senate .[ 116] New member elected July 18, 2023 . Republican hold.
District
Incumbent
This race
Chamber
No.
Representative
Party
First elected
Results
Vote
House
8
Paul Holvey
Democratic
2004(appointed)
Recall election failed October 3, 2023 .[ 118]
N No 90.0%
Yes 10.0%
^ The Alaska House of Representatives is controlled by a coalition of 19 Republicans, 2 Democrats, and 2 Independents. The Alaska Senate is controlled by a grand coalition of 9 Democrats and 8 Republicans.
^ The upper houses of Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Hawaii, Illinois, Minnesota, New Jersey, and Texas use a 2-4-4 term length system.
^ Special elections in Mississippi are officially nonpartisan. However, the candidate qualifying list for the 2023 Mississippi elections indicates that Perry Van Bailey and Andrew Stepp are Republicans, while Andy Clark is an independent.[ 56]
^ Cote was never officially sworn in for the 2023 session and did not cast a single vote.
^ a b c Democratic Majority Leader of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives Joanna McClinton scheduled the special election for February 7. However, Republican Minority Leader Bryan Cutler unsuccessfully sought to wait until May 13 as an attempt to delay the Democrats from leading the chamber.[ 75]
^ Justin J. Pearson was appointed as interim representative by the Shelby County Board of Commissioners on January 25.[ 91]
^ Timothy Hill was appointed as interim representative by the Johnson County Commission on May 11.[ 94]
^ Justin Jones was appointed as interim representative by the Nashville Metro Council on April 10.[ 97]
^ Justin J. Pearson was appointed as interim representative by the Shelby County Board of Commissioners on April 12.[ 99]
^ Anthony Davis was appointed as interim representative by the Nashville Metro Council on June 20.[ 102]
^ "State legislative elections, 2023" . Ballotpedia . Retrieved May 22, 2022 .
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^ "Election Ratings" . November 2, 2023. Retrieved November 2, 2023 .
^ "New Jersey Secretary of State" . state.nj.us .
^ "State legislative special elections, 2023" . Ballotpedia . Retrieved October 8, 2022 .
^ Manchester, Julia (January 11, 2023). "Democrat appears to flip Virginia state Senate seat in closely watched special election" . The Hill . Retrieved February 8, 2023 .
^ a b Kisluk, Jessica (September 20, 2023). "Balance of power tightens at NH state House after special election in Northwood, Nottingham" . WMUR . Retrieved September 20, 2023 .
^ Pazniokas, Mark (January 3, 2023). "Hartford Democratic Rep. Edwin Vargas is resigning his seat" . The Connecticut Mirror . Retrieved February 22, 2023 .
^ a b c Pazniokas, Mark (February 28, 2023). "Democrats hold three CT House seats in special elections" . The Connecticut Mirror . Retrieved February 28, 2023 .
^ Sundby, Alex (January 5, 2023). "U.S. Connecticut state Rep. Quentin Williams killed in wrong-way crash at age 39" . CBS News . Retrieved February 22, 2023 .
^ Pazniokas, Mark (December 22, 2022). "Rep. Dan Fox, D-Stamford, expected to leave House" . The Connecticut Mirror . Retrieved February 22, 2023 .
^ Curtis, Sean (November 15, 2023). "Delaware State Rep. Ruth Briggs King Resigns" . WBOC-TV . Retrieved November 19, 2023 .
^ "2023 Special Election – Representative District 37" (PDF) . Retrieved December 21, 2023 .
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^ "2023 Special General Election: State Representative House District 24" . Marion County Supervisor of Elections . May 16, 2023. Retrieved May 17, 2023 .
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^ "January 3, 2023: House District 7 – Special Election" . Georgia Secretary of State . January 3, 2023. Retrieved January 24, 2023 .
^ "January 31, 2023: State House District 7 – Special Election" . Georgia Secretary of State . January 31, 2023. Retrieved February 4, 2023 .
^ "New Georgia House member steps aside after drug arrest" . WXIA-TV . January 2, 2023. Retrieved January 7, 2023 .
^ "January 31, 2023: State House District 119 – Special Election" . Georgia Secretary of State . January 31, 2023. Retrieved February 4, 2023 .
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^ "January 31, 2023: State House District 172 – Special Election" . Georgia Secretary of State . January 31, 2023. Retrieved February 4, 2023 .
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^ Middleton, Heather (January 25, 2023). "Rep. Mike Glanton resigns House seat for health reasons" . Clayton News-Daily . Retrieved January 27, 2023 .
^ "March 21, 2023: House District 75 – Special Election" . Georgia Secretary of State . March 21, 2023. Retrieved March 24, 2023 .
^ "Ga. Representative Tish Naghise dies while serving first term" . WSB-TV . March 8, 2023. Retrieved March 9, 2023 .
^ "May 16, 2023: House District 68 – Special Election" . Georgia Secretary of State . May 16, 2023. Retrieved May 16, 2023 .
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^ "State Representative – 93rd Representative District" . Louisiana Secretary of State . February 18, 2023. Retrieved March 24, 2023 .
^ "State Representative – 93rd Representative District" . Louisiana Secretary of State . March 25, 2023. Retrieved March 25, 2023 .
^ Bellavance, Meaghan (February 16, 2023). "Maine lawmaker Clinton Collamore pleads not guilty, resigns after fraud indictment" . WCSH . Retrieved February 17, 2022 .
^ Walztoni, Elizabeth (March 16, 2023). "June Special Election Set for House District 45 Seat" . The Lincoln County News . Retrieved March 29, 2023 .
^ Shepherd, Michael (June 13, 2023). "Republicans flip Maine House seat along midcoast in Tuesday special election" . Bangor Daily News . Retrieved June 13, 2023 .
^ Claffey, Jason (July 17, 2023). "Bath Rep. Sean Paulhus resigns to take register of probate appointment" . The Times Record . Retrieved July 20, 2023 .
^ Claffey, Jason (November 8, 2023). "Bath election results: Sinclair new state rep while Mansfield-Pryor wins City Council seat; voters also approve $30M for infrastructure" . Portland Press Herald . Retrieved November 8, 2023 .
^ Kuznitz, Alison (February 17, 2023). "Gov. Maura Healey taps Rep. Jon Santiago as veterans' secretary" . MassLive . Retrieved April 30, 2023 .
^ a b "Boston Special State Election May 2023" . City of Boston . May 30, 2023. Retrieved June 1, 2023 .
^ Lisinski, Chris (February 24, 2023). "Coppinger heads for exit as latest lawmaker lured to MassBio" . Worcester Business Journal . Retrieved April 30, 2023 .
^ Wright, Sarah (May 31, 2023). "State Sen. Anne Gobi will become Massachusetts' first director of rural affairs starting June 5" . The Berkshire Edge . Retrieved June 9, 2023 .
^ "2023 State Senate Special General Election: Worcester & Hampshire District" . Secretary of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts . November 7, 2023. Retrieved December 17, 2023 .
^ Miles, Kyra (September 2, 2023). "Minnesota State Rep. Ruth Richardson resigns to focus on Planned Parenthood role" . KNOW-FM . Retrieved September 3, 2023 .
^ "Results for State Representative District 52B" . Minnesota Secretary of State . November 7, 2023. Retrieved December 5, 2023 .
^ Arbuckle, Alyssa (September 23, 2022). "Reeves appoints two new executive directors, one district attorney" . Supertalk Mississippi . Retrieved January 8, 2023 .
^ "2023 Candidate Qualifying List" (PDF) . Mississippi Secretary of State . June 20, 2023. Retrieved August 2, 2023 .
^ Ford, Craig (January 10, 2023). "Special election for Mississippi House District 23 goes to a runoff" . WTVA . Retrieved January 10, 2023 .
^ Ford, Craig (February 8, 2023). "Winner determined in runoff for local seat in Mississippi House" . WTVA . Retrieved February 9, 2023 .
^ Russell, Jenna (December 12, 2022). "After an Election Tie in New Hampshire, a Do-Over Without the Drama" . The New York Times . Retrieved December 12, 2022 .
^ West, Nancy (February 21, 2023). "Grassie Wins Ward 4 Rochester House Seat in Special Election" . InDepthNH.org . Retrieved February 21, 2023 .
^ Feely, Paul (December 27, 2022). "Nashua state Rep. Laughton resigns House seat" . New Hampshire Union Leader . Retrieved February 23, 2023 .
^ Landrigan, Kevin (May 16, 2023). "NH House GOP majority shrinks after Dems special election win" . New Hampshire Union Leader . Retrieved May 18, 2023 .
^ Doyle-Burr, Nora (April 4, 2023). "Enfield state rep resigns seat following head injury" . Valley News . Retrieved April 5, 2023 .
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^ Burack, Beatrice (April 26, 2023). "Citing poor health, Nottingham Republican House member steps down" . New Hampshire Bulletin . Retrieved April 7, 2023 .
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^ Kornbluh, Jacob (June 13, 2023). "Queens lawmaker resigning to take top job at Jewish philanthropy" . The Forward . Retrieved June 13, 2023 .
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^ "2023 Special Election 27th Senatorial District" . Pennsylvania Department of State . Retrieved February 4, 2023 .
^ "Tony DeLuca, Penn Hills representative and longest-serving member of Pa. House, dies at 85" . Pittsburgh Post-Gazette . October 10, 2022. Retrieved October 10, 2022 .
^ "GOP seeks May vote on Democrat vacancies in Pa. House power struggle" . Pittsburgh Post-Gazette . December 15, 2022. Retrieved December 15, 2022 .
^ "2023 Special Election 32nd Legislative District" . Pennsylvania Department of State . Retrieved February 16, 2023 .
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^ "2023 Special Election 34th Legislative District" . Pennsylvania Department of State . Retrieved February 16, 2023 .
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^ "2023 Special Election 108th Legislative District" . Pennsylvania Department of State . May 16, 2023. Retrieved May 17, 2023 .
^ Caruso, Stephen (March 8, 2023). "Pa. House lawmaker accused of sexual harassment says he will resign" . Spotlight PA . Retrieved March 8, 2023 .
^ "2023 Special Election 163rd Legislative District" . Pennsylvania Department of State . May 16, 2023. Retrieved May 17, 2023 .
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^ Dube, Alex (April 15, 2023). "Senate Majority Whip Maryellen Goodwin passes away after battling cancer" . WLNE-TV . Retrieved April 16, 2023 .
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^ Kinnard, Meg (March 12, 2023). "Kimpson leaving South Carolina Senate to join Biden admin" . Associated Press . Retrieved March 13, 2023 .
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^ a b "Two Democrats, one from Memphis, expelled from TN House following gun law protest" . WHBQ-TV . April 6, 2023. Retrieved April 6, 2023 .
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^ VanderHart, Dirk (October 4, 2023). "Eugene voters reject recall against state Rep. Paul Holvey in resounding fashion" . OPB . Retrieved October 5, 2023 .
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