Advertising postcard

An advertising postcard is a postcard used for advertising purposes (as opposed to a tourism or greeting postcard). Postcards are used in advertising as an alternative to or to complement other print advertising such as catalogs, letters, and flyers. Advertising postcards may be mailed or distributed in other ways.

An advertising postcard is a privately, commercially produced, rectangular piece of stiff paper (typically 3.5 X 5.5 inches, or 148mm x 105mm in Europe)^[1] printed in a form that is easy to send through the post and is designed to carry promotional messages of products or services.^[2]

From the 18th century, trade cards were used by businesses to promote a wide variety of goods and services.^[3] Commercial 18th century publishing houses not only printed cards, but also assisted local business with their distribution.^[4] These trade cards were the precursor to the modern advertising postcard.^[5] By the late 19th century many well-known companies used trade cards as a form of promotion including: Colgate & Palmolive, Van Houten's cocoa, Clark's spool cotton, Tarrant's seltzer as well as many cigarette companies, sporting clubs and celebrities. These advertising postcards were also used for propaganda.^[6]

These popularity of trade cards continued until well after the first world war, but began to wane with the introduction of commercial radio broadcasting in the 1920s due to advertisers' preferences for the immediacy of radio as a means of reaching mass audiences in a cost efficient manner. However, in the 1990s, advertising postcards regained some of their former popularity. Advertisers began to resurrect them as part of an overall integrated media strategy designed to reach highly mobile and 'hard-to-reach' youth markets.^[7]

Trade cards and advertising postcards through the ages

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  A trade card for a furniture retailer and upholsterer, 1730-1742, V & A Museum
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  Trade card of Thomas Jeffreys, 1750
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  Trade Cards operated as advertising in the 18th century, Retail trade card, c. 1750
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  Cigarette card featuring the popular actress, Georgia Cayvan, c 1882
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  Retail trade card for Jeremiah M Grimley, c. 1884
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  Trade card for Miller & Hutchinson, piano, organ and musical instrument dealers, 1891
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  Erie Railroad trade card, before 1900
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  Ogden's cigarette card featuring jockey, Elijah Wheatley, c.1905
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  Fordham baseball card c. 1910
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  The Happy Day washing machine, 1910
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  Royalty Theatre, London, 1912
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  Willy's Overland Factory, Toledo, Ohio, 1915
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  Players' Cigarette Card featuring Australian batsman, Donald Bradman, 1930s

While there are many different types of postcards, there are two broad types - those that are mailed to customers, possibly names drawn from a mailing list, and those that are distributed directly.

Though postcards have traditionally always been rectangular in shape, some postal authorities, such as Canada Post Corporation, may allow non-rectangular shaped cards to be mailed.^[8] This has given rise to new marketing concepts such as round postcards or cards specifically die cut to match the theme of a particular campaign.

Advertising postcards are usually distributed by display on stands with patrons being encouraged to take them for free. These stands are typically situated in high traffic areas such as shopping malls, university campuses, public transport hubs and entertainment venues.

Advertising postcards have been very popular with collectors since their inception in the 18th and 19th centuries.^[9] They straddle the boundary between "low art" and "high art"^[10] One scholar has described the 19th century penchant for collecting postcards as a "mania."^[11] Scholars have recently become interested in studying trade cards and advertising postcards as a means of understanding the emergent commercialisation of consumption in the 18th century.^[12]

• Baseball card
• Corner card
• Cigarette cards
• Postcard
• Trade card
• Trading card

• Hubbard P., "Advertising and Print Culture in the Eighteenth Century," In: Craciun A., Schaffer S. (eds), The Material Cultures of Enlightenment Arts and Sciences, [Palgrave Studies in the Enlightenment, Romanticism and the Cultures of Print], London, Palgrave Macmillan, 2016

• Hubbard P., Trade Cards in 18th-Century Consumer Culture: Circulation, and Exchange in Commercial and Collecting Spaces, Material Culture Review, Volume 74/75, Spring, 2012, Online: https://journals.lib.unb.ca/index.php/MCR/article/view/20447/23603

• Victorian tradecards