Almonda

Almonda is a Portuguese village of around 300 inhabitants in the civil parish of Zibreira, within the municipality of Torres Novas and the Santarém District.

The village was named after the river Almonda, whose source is located nearby.

Aroeira 3 skull of a 400,000 year old Homo Heidelbergensis; the oldest trace of human history in Portugal

Almonda is noted for the Aroeira cave (possibly the largest cave in the country) in the Karst limestone landscape, where the 400,000 year old Aroeira 3 skull of a Homo Heidelbergensis was discovered in 2014. It is the oldest trace of human history in Portugal.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]

The local conditions of Karstic limestone topography and abundance of water provided the possibility of obtaining energy, and thus, in 1818, Domingos Ardisson established the Renova paper factory. The company is an important commercial engine of the Torres Novas region, and well-known both nationally and internationally. Although the company has expanded, the "old factory" continues to function.

References

^ Phys Org, March 13, 2017, 400,000-year-old fossil human cranium is oldest ever found in Portugal
^ Joan Daura et al.: New Middle Pleistocene hominin cranium from Gruta da Aroeira (Portugal). In Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) Online pre-release of 13 March 2017.
^ The primitive man from Portugal, Article from 16 March 2017 in des Hamburger Abendblatt, accessed March 22, 2017.
^ Crânio de 400 mil anos é o fóssil humano mais antigo descoberto em Portugal (English: 400,000 year old skull found; the oldest human fossil in Portugal) Article from March 13, 2017 in the Portuguese newspaper Público, accessed March 22, 2017.

39°30′21″N 8°36′57″W / 39.5057°N 8.6157°W / 39.5057; -8.6157

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[Phys.org_March_2017-1] Phys Org, March 13, 2017, 400,000-year-old fossil human cranium is oldest ever found in Portugal

[Daura_et_al-2] Joan Daura et al.: New Middle Pleistocene hominin cranium from Gruta da Aroeira (Portugal). In Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) Online pre-release of 13 March 2017.

[Hamburger_Abendblatt_March_2017-3] The primitive man from Portugal, Article from 16 March 2017 in des Hamburger Abendblatt, accessed March 22, 2017.

[Publico_March_2017-4] Crânio de 400 mil anos é o fóssil humano mais antigo descoberto em Portugal (English: 400,000 year old skull found; the oldest human fossil in Portugal) Article from March 13, 2017 in the Portuguese newspaper Público, accessed March 22, 2017.

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