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Biscay (Basque Parliament constituency)

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For the Congress of Deputies constituency, see Biscay (Congress of Deputies constituency). For the Senate constituency, see Biscay (Senate constituency).
Biscay
Basque Parliament
Electoral constituency
Location of Biscay within the Basque Country
ProvinceBiscay
Autonomous communityBasque Country
Population1,152,651 (2019)[1]
Electorate950,563 (2020)[2]
Major settlementsBilbao, Barakaldo, Getxo
Current constituency
Created1980
Seats20 (1980–1984)
25 (1984–present)
Member(s)
  •   PNV (12)
  •   EH Bildu (7)
  •   PSE–EE (3)
  •   Podemos (1)
  •   EzAn–IU (1)
  •   PP (1)

Biscay (Basque: Bizkaia, Spanish: Vizcaya) is one of the three constituencies (Spanish: circunscripciones) represented in the Basque Parliament, the regional legislature of the Basque Autonomous Community. The constituency currently elects 25 deputies. Its boundaries correspond to those of the Spanish province of Biscay. The electoral system uses the D'Hondt method and a closed-list proportional representation, with a minimum threshold of three percent.

Electoral system

[edit]

The constituency was created as per the Statute of Autonomy for the Basque Country of 1979 and was first contested in the 1980 regional election. The Statute provided for the three provinces in the Basque Country—Álava, Biscay and Gipuzkoa—to be established as multi-member districts in the Basque Parliament, with this regulation being maintained under the 1983 and 1990 regional electoral laws. Each constituency is allocated a fixed number of 25 seats each, to provide for an equal representation of the three provinces in Parliament as required under the regional Statute. The exception was the 1980 election, when this number was 60.[3][4][5]

Voting is on the basis of universal suffrage, which comprises all nationals over eighteen, registered in the Basque Country and in full enjoyment of their political rights. Amendments to the electoral law in 2011 required for Basques abroad to apply for voting before being permitted to vote, a system known as "begged" or expat vote (Spanish: Voto rogado) which was abolished in 2022.[6][7] Seats are elected using the D'Hondt method and a closed list proportional representation, with an electoral threshold of three percent of valid votes—which, until 1983 and from 1990 includes blank ballots; also and until a 2000 reform, the threshold was set at five percent—being applied in each constituency.[3][4][5] The use of the D'Hondt method may result in a higher effective threshold, depending on the district magnitude.[8]

The electoral law allows for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, coalitions and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form a coalition ahead of an election are required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days of the election call—fifteen before 1985—whereas groupings of electors need to secure the signature of at least one percent of the electorate in the constituencies for which they seek election—one-thousandth of the electorate, with a compulsory minimum of 500 signatures, until 1983; and only the signature of 500 electors from 1983 to 1990—disallowing electors from signing for more than one list of candidates.[4][5][9][10]

Deputies

[edit]
Deputies 1980–present
Key to parties
  HB
  EH
  EHAK
  EH Bildu[a]
  EH Bildu[b]
  EPK
  IU/EB
  EB–B
  Elkarrekin Podemos
  Aralar
  EE
  PSE/PSE–EE
  EA
  PNV/PNV–EA
  UCD
  PP+Cs
  PP
  CP
  AP/AP–PL
Parliament Election Distribution
1st 1980
4 1 1 3 9 1 1
2nd 1984
3 2 6 12 2
3rd 1986
4 3 6 3 8 1
4th 1990
4 2 5 2 10 2
5th 1994
3 2 4 2 10 4
6th 1998
4 1 5 1 9 5
7th 2001
2 1 4 12 6
8th 2005
2 1 6 11 5
9th 2009
1 8 12 4
10th 2012
6 5 11 3
11th 2016
5 4 3 11 2
12th 2020
6 2 3 12 2
13th 2024
8 4 11 2

Elections

[edit]

2024 regional election

[edit]
Summary of the 21 April 2024 Basque Parliament election results in Biscay
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV) 223,118 39.08 –3.08 11 –1
Basque Country Gather (EH Bildu) 161,486 28.28 +4.58 8 +2
Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE (PSOE)) 79,575 13.94 +0.47 4 +1
People's Party (PP)1 51,644 9.04 +2.25 2 ±0
Unite (Sumar)2 19,155 3.35 n/a 0 ±0
United We Can–Green Alliance (Podemos/Ahal Dugu–AV)2 12,738 2.23 n/a 0 –2
Vox (Vox) 10,822 1.90 +0.04 0 ±0
Animalist Party with the Environment (PACMA)3 2,827 0.50 –0.09 0 ±0
Blank Seats to Leave Empty Seats (EB/AZ) 1,260 0.22 –0.01 0 ±0
For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 920 0.16 +0.03 0 ±0
To Be (Izan) 780 0.14 New 0 ±0
Communist Party of the Workers of Spain (PCTE) 666 0.12 ±0.00 0 ±0
Humanist Party (PH) 475 0.08 +0.02 0 ±0
Blank ballots 5,528 0.96 +0.01
Total 570,994 25 ±0
Valid votes 570,994 99.24 +0.06
Invalid votes 4,371 0.76 –0.06
Votes cast / turnout 575,365 60.83 +10.43
Abstentions 370,513 39.17 –10.43
Registered voters 945,878
Sources[11][12]
Footnotes:

2020 regional election

[edit]
Summary of the 12 July 2020 Basque Parliament election results in Biscay
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV) 200,339 42.16 +0.35 12 +1
Basque Country Gather (EH Bildu) 112,619 23.70 +6.24 6 +1
Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE (PSOE)) 64,001 13.47 +1.82 3 ±0
United We Can–United Left (Podemos/Ahal Dugu, Ezker Anitza–IU) 40,453 8.51 –6.24 2 –2
People's Party+Citizens (PP+Cs)1 32,248 6.79 –4.79 2 ±0
Vox (Vox) 8,815 1.86 New 0 ±0
Equo Greens–Basque Country Greens (Equo Berdeak–Verdes) 5,533 1.16 New 0 ±0
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA/ATTKAA) 2,797 0.59 –0.21 0 ±0
Blank Seats (EB/AZ) 1,079 0.23 +0.07 0 ±0
Zero Cuts–The Greens–Municipalists (Recortes Cero–LV–M) 676 0.14 –0.08 0 ±0
For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 613 0.13 New 0 ±0
Communist Party of the Workers of the Basque Country (PCTE/ELAK) 549 0.12 New 0 ±0
Free for the Basque Country (LxE/EaL) 359 0.08 New 0 ±0
Humanist Party (PH) 279 0.06 ±0.00 0 ±0
Foralist League (LFF) 258 0.05 New 0 ±0
Blank ballots 4,524 0.95 +0.34
Total 475,142 25 ±0
Valid votes 475,142 99.18 –0.38
Invalid votes 3,916 0.82 +0.38
Votes cast / turnout 479,058 50.40 –10.08
Abstentions 471,506 49.60 +10.08
Registered voters 950,564
Sources[11][12]
Footnotes:

2016 regional election

[edit]
Summary of the 25 September 2016 Basque Parliament election results in Biscay
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV) 238,581 41.81 +3.87 11 ±0
Basque Country Gather (EH Bildu) 99,610 17.46 –3.74 5 –1
United We Can (Podemos, Ezker Anitza–IU, Equo)1 84,195 14.75 +11.33 4 +4
Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE (PSOE)) 66,506 11.65 –7.06 3 –2
People's Party (PP) 55,128 9.66 –2.00 2 –1
Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's) 10,963 1.92 New 0 ±0
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA/ATTKAA) 4,556 0.80 +0.46 0 ±0
Let's Win the Basque Country: Yes We Can (Ganemos Irabazi) 3,337 0.58 New 0 ±0
Zero Cuts–Green Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 1,277 0.22 New 0 ±0
Family and Life Party (PFyV) 1,031 0.18 +0.04 0 ±0
Blank Seats (EB/AZ) 903 0.16 –0.76 0 ±0
Basque Communists–Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (EK–PCPE) 466 0.08 +0.01 0 ±0
Humanist Party (PH) 351 0.06 –0.03 0 ±0
Welcome (Ongi Etorri) 250 0.04 New 0 ±0
Blank ballots 3,484 0.61 –0.65
Total 570,638 25 ±0
Valid votes 570,638 99.56 +0.33
Invalid votes 2,495 0.44 –0.33
Votes cast / turnout 573,133 60.48 –3.99
Abstentions 374,503 39.52 +3.99
Registered voters 947,636
Sources[11][12]
Footnotes:

2012 regional election

[edit]
Summary of the 21 October 2012 Basque Parliament election results in Biscay
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/-
Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV) 230,204 37.94 –3.16 11 –1
Basque Country Gather (EH Bildu)1 128,644 21.20 +14.11 6 +5
Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE (PSOE)) 113,536 18.71 –11.54 5 –3
People's Party (PP) 70,749 11.66 –2.26 3 –1
United Left–The Greens: Plural Left (IU–LV) 16,109 2.65 New 0 ±0
Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) 10,855 1.79 –0.07 0 ±0
United Left–Greens (EB–B) 9,817 1.62 –1.79 0 ±0
Blank Seats (EB/AZ) 5,598 0.92 New 0 ±0
Equo Greens–Basque Ecologists (Equo)2 4,656 0.77 +0.31 0 ±0
Hartos.org (Hartos.org) 2,831 0.47 New 0 ±0
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA/ATTKAA) 2,052 0.34 +0.08 0 ±0
For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 1,159 0.19 –0.02 0 ±0
Family and Life Party (PFyV) 821 0.14 –0.04 0 ±0
Internationalist Socialist Workers' Party (POSI) 778 0.13 –0.03 0 ±0
Humanist Party (PH) 555 0.09 +0.02 0 ±0
Basque Communists–Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (EK–PCPE) 442 0.07 New 0 ±0
Communist Unification of Spain (UCE) 307 0.05 New 0 ±0
Blank ballots 7,649 1.26 +0.24
Total 606,762 25 ±0
Valid votes 606,762 99.23 +6.19
Invalid votes 4,721 0.77 –6.19
Votes cast / turnout 611,483 64.47 –1.87
Abstentions 336,939 35.53 +1.87
Registered voters 948,422
Sources[11][12]
Footnotes:

2009 regional election

[edit]
Summary of the 1 March 2009 Basque Parliament election results in Biscay
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV)1 241,732 41.10 n/a 12 +2
Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE (PSOE)) 177,875 30.25 +7.05 8 +2
People's Party (PP) 81,837 13.92 –3.55 4 –1
Aralar (Aralar) 24,639 4.19 +2.63 1 +1
United Left–Greens (EB–B) 20,080 3.41 –2.10 0 –1
Basque Solidarity (EA)1 17,033 2.90 n/a 0 –1
Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) 10,916 1.86 New 0 ±0
The Greens (B/LV) 2,689 0.46 New 0 ±0
Anti-Bullfighting Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA/ZAAAA) 1,504 0.26 –0.02 0 ±0
For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 1,232 0.21 +0.02 0 ±0
Family and Life Party (PFyV) 1,052 0.18 New 0 ±0
Internationalist Socialist Workers' Party (POSI) 969 0.16 –0.07 0 ±0
Humanist Party (PH) 418 0.07 –0.03 0 ±0
Carlist Party of the Basque Country–Carlist Party (EKA–PC) 151 0.03 ±0.00 0 ±0
Communist Party of the Basque Homelands (PCTV/EHAK) n/a n/a –9.99 0 –2
Blank ballots 5,972 1.02 +0.28
Total 588,099 25 ±0
Valid votes 588,099 93.04 –6.63
Invalid votes 43,971 6.96 +6.63
Votes cast / turnout 632,070 66.34 –1.57
Abstentions 320,774 33.66 +1.57
Registered voters 952,844
Sources[11][12]
Footnotes:

2005 regional election

[edit]
Summary of the 17 April 2005 Basque Parliament election results in Biscay
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
Basque Nationalist Party–Basque Solidarity (PNV–EA) 267,247 40.66 –2.76 11 –1
Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE (PSOE)) 152,459 23.20 +5.14 6 +2
People's Party (PP) 114,845 17.47 –5.98 5 –1
Communist Party of the Basque Homelands (PCTV/EHAK)1 65,623 9.99 +1.99 2 ±0
United Left–Greens (EB–B)2 36,226 5.51 –0.14 1 ±0
Aralar (Aralar) 10,242 1.56 New 0 ±0
Greens–Anti-Bullfighting Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (B–PACMA) 1,865 0.28 New 0 ±0
Internationalist Socialist Workers' Party (POSI) 1,499 0.23 New 0 ±0
For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 1,261 0.19 New 0 ±0
Humanist Party (PH) 674 0.10 –0.08 0 ±0
Alavese Unity (UA) 216 0.03 New 0 ±0
Carlist Party of the Basque Country–Carlist Party (EKA–PC) 179 0.03 New 0 ±0
Blank ballots 4,866 0.74 –0.05
Total 657,202 25 ±0
Valid votes 657,202 99.67 +0.08
Invalid votes 2,164 0.33 –0.08
Votes cast / turnout 659,366 67.91 –11.21
Abstentions 311,591 32.09 +11.21
Registered voters 970,957
Sources[11][12]
Footnotes:

2001 regional election

[edit]
Summary of the 13 May 2001 Basque Parliament election results in Biscay
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
Basque Nationalist Party–Basque Solidarity (PNV–EA)1 335,945 43.42 +4.85 12 +2
People's Party (PP)2 181,404 23.45 +3.12 6 +1
Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE (PSOE)) 139,684 18.06 –0.21 4 –1
Basque Citizens (EH) 61,894 8.00 –6.57 2 –2
United Left (IU/EB) 43,701 5.65 –0.55 1 ±0
Party of the Democratic Karma (PKD) 2,000 0.26 New 0 ±0
Humanist Party (PH) 1,361 0.18 –0.09 0 ±0
Workers for Democracy Coalition (TD) 1,017 0.13 New 0 ±0
Freedom (Askatasuna) 257 0.03 New 0 ±0
Carlist Party (EKA/PC) 220 0.03 New 0 ±0
Blank ballots 6,145 0.79 –0.60
Total 773,628 25 ±0
Valid votes 773,628 99.59 +0.16
Invalid votes 3,180 0.41 –0.16
Votes cast / turnout 776,808 79.12 +15.59
Abstentions 204,995 20.88 –15.59
Registered voters 981,803
Sources[11][12]
Footnotes:

1998 regional election

[edit]
Summary of the 25 October 1998 Basque Parliament election results in Biscay
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV) 224,542 32.60 –2.51 9 –1
People's Party (PP) 139,161 20.20 +5.17 5 +1
Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE (PSOE)) 125,834 18.27 +0.89 5 +1
Basque Citizens (EH)1 100,377 14.57 +1.18 4 +1
United Left (IU/EB) 42,714 6.20 –3.85 1 –1
Basque Solidarity (EA) 41,096 5.97 –1.12 1 –1
Natural Law Party (PLN/LNA) 2,769 0.40 New 0 ±0
Humanist Party (PH) 1,892 0.27 New 0 ±0
Alavese Unity (UA) 913 0.13 –0.13 0 ±0
Blank ballots 9,556 1.39 –0.15
Total 688,854 25 ±0
Valid votes 688,854 99.43 +0.03
Invalid votes 3,972 0.57 –0.03
Votes cast / turnout 692,781 63.53 +3.16
Abstentions 298,457 36.47 –3.16
Registered voters 991,238
Sources[11][12]
Footnotes:

1994 regional election

[edit]
Summary of the 23 October 1994 Basque Parliament election results in Biscay
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV) 201,833 35.11 +0.74 10 ±0
Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE (PSOE))1 99,931 17.38 –9.86 4 –3
People's Party (PP) 86,398 15.03 +6.41 4 +2
Popular Unity (HB) 76,988 13.39 –2.83 3 –1
United Left (IU/EB) 57,765 10.05 +8.34 2 +2
Basque Solidarity (EA) 40,752 7.09 –0.91 2 ±0
Alavese Unity (UA) 1,489 0.26 +0.23 0 ±0
Coalition for a New Socialist Party (NPS)2 804 0.14 +0.08 0 ±0
Blank ballots 8,865 1.54 +0.88
Total 574,825 25 ±0
Valid votes 574,825 99.40 –0.08
Invalid votes 3,496 0.60 +0.08
Votes cast / turnout 578,321 60.37 –0.16
Abstentions 379,691 39.63 +0.16
Registered voters 958,012
Sources[11][12]
Footnotes:

1990 regional election

[edit]
Summary of the 28 October 1990 Basque Parliament election results in Biscay
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV) 192,903 34.37 +5.56 10 +2
Socialist Party of the Basque Country (PSE–PSOE) 111,920 19.94 –2.54 5 –1
Popular Unity (HB) 91,047 16.22 +0.27 4 ±0
People's Party (PP)1 48,405 8.62 +3.48 2 +1
Basque Solidarity (EA) 44,922 8.00 –3.75 2 –1
Basque Country Left (EE) 40,983 7.30 –2.91 2 –1
United Left (IU/EB) 9,609 1.71 +0.92 0 ±0
Socialist Democracy (DS) 3,724 0.66 New 0 ±0
Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) 3,069 0.55 –2.65 0 ±0
The Ecologist Greens (LVE) 2,447 0.44 New 0 ±0
Basque Country Greens (EHB) 2,415 0.43 New 0 ±0
Ruiz-Mateos Group–European Democratic Alliance (ARM–ADE) 2,070 0.37 New 0 ±0
Workers' Socialist Party (PST) 1,878 0.32 +0.01 0 ±0
Communist Party of the Basque Country People (PCPE/EHAC) 599 0.11 New 0 ±0
Humanist Party (PH) 441 0.08 –0.05 0 ±0
Alliance for the Republic (AxR)2 347 0.06 –0.05 0 ±0
Revolutionary Communist League–Communist Movement (LKI–EMK) 326 0.06 New 0 ±0
Communist Party of Spain (Marxist–Leninist) (PCE (m–l))3 272 0.05 –0.02 0 ±0
Alavese Unity (UA) 183 0.03 New 0 ±0
Blank ballots 3,679 0.66 +0.22
Total 561,239 25 ±0
Valid votes 561,239 99.48 –0.03
Invalid votes 2,923 0.52 +0.03
Votes cast / turnout 564,162 60.53 –9.24
Abstentions 367,834 39.47 +9.24
Registered voters 931,996
Sources[11][12]
Footnotes:

1986 regional election

[edit]
Summary of the 30 November 1986 Basque Parliament election results in Biscay
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV) 183,766 28.81 –14.94 8 –4
Socialist Party of the Basque Country (PSE–PSOE) 143,387 22.48 –0.59 6 ±0
Popular Unity (HB) 101,733 15.95 +3.02 4 +1
Basque Solidarity (EA) 74,921 11.75 New 3 +3
Basque Country Left (EE) 65,116 10.21 +2.78 3 +1
People's Alliance–Liberal Party (AP–PL)1 32,764 5.14 –4.25 1 –1
Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) 20,387 3.20 New 0 ±0
United Left (IU/EB) 5,055 0.79 New 0 ±0
Communist Party of the Basque Country (PCE/EPK) 3,895 0.61 –1.16 0 ±0
Workers' Socialist Party (PST) 1,994 0.31 –0.05 0 ±0
Humanist Party (PH) 856 0.13 New 0 ±0
Internationalist Socialist Workers' Party (POSI) 683 0.11 New 0 ±0
Republican Popular Unity (UPR)2 414 0.07 –0.06 0 ±0
Blank ballots3 2,798 0.44 ±0.00
Total 637,769 25 ±0
Valid votes 637,769 99.51 +0.05
Invalid votes 3,169 0.49 –0.05
Votes cast / turnout 640,938 69.77 +1.51
Abstentions 277,747 30.23 –1.51
Registered voters 918,685
Sources[11][12]
Footnotes:
  • 1 People's Alliance–Liberal Party results are compared to People's Coalition totals in the 1984 election.
  • 2 Republican Popular Unity results are compared to Communist Party of Spain (Marxist–Leninist) totals in the 1984 election.
  • 3 The 1983 electoral law provided that blank ballots would not count as valid votes for the application of the 5 percent threshold in each district. However, this rule was not determinant in excluding any party from seat distribution during its time of application (the 1984 and 1986 elections). As a result, and for comparison purposes, blank ballots are shown here included within valid votes.

1984 regional election

[edit]
Summary of the 26 February 1984 Basque Parliament election results in Biscay
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV) 261,911 43.75 +3.78 12 +3
Socialist Party of the Basque Country (PSE–PSOE) 138,093 23.07 +8.64 6 +3
Popular Unity (HB) 77,407 12.93 –3.42 3 –1
People's Coalition (AP–PDP–UL)1 56,207 9.39 +3.62 2 +1
Basque Country Left (EE) 44,500 7.43 –0.35 2 +1
Communist Party of the Basque Country (PCE/EPK) 10,611 1.77 –3.01 0 –1
Neighborhood Labor (Auzolan)2 4,357 0.73 –0.88 0 ±0
Workers' Socialist Party (PST) 2,173 0.36 –0.05 0 ±0
Communist Party of Spain (Marxist–Leninist) (PCE (m–l)) 792 0.13 New 0 ±0
Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD) n/a n/a –6.75 0 –1
Blank ballots3 2,641 0.44 +0.02
Total 598,692 25 +5
Valid votes 598,692 99.46 +0.54
Invalid votes 3,235 0.54 –0.54
Votes cast / turnout 601,927 68.26 +7.26
Abstentions 279,916 31.74 –7.26
Registered voters 881,843
Sources[11][12]
Footnotes:
  • 1 People's Coalition results are compared to People's Alliance totals in the 1980 election.
  • 2 Auzolan results are compared to the combined totals of Communist Movement of the Basque Country and Revolutionary Communist League in the 1980 election.
  • 3 The 1983 electoral law provided that blank ballots would not count as valid votes for the application of the 5 percent threshold in each district. However, this rule was not determinant in excluding any party from seat distribution during its time of application (the 1984 and 1986 elections). As a result, and for comparison purposes, blank ballots are shown here included within valid votes.

1980 regional election

[edit]
Summary of the 9 March 1980 Basque Parliament election results in Biscay
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV) 206,051 39.97 n/a 9 n/a
People's Unity (HB) 84,273 16.35 n/a 4 n/a
Socialist Party of the Basque Country (PSE–PSOE) 74,379 14.43 n/a 3 n/a
Basque Country Left (EE) 40,085 7.78 n/a 1 n/a
Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD) 34,781 6.75 n/a 1 n/a
People's Alliance (AP) 29,747 5.77 n/a 1 n/a
Communist Party of the Basque Country (PCE/EPK) 24,660 4.78 n/a 1 n/a
Communist Movement of the Basque Country (EMK/MCE) 5,654 1.10 n/a 0 n/a
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (historical) (PSOEh) 2,760 0.54 n/a 0 n/a
Revolutionary Communist League (LKI/LCR) 2,652 0.51 n/a 0 n/a
Workers' Socialist Party (PST) 2,099 0.41 n/a 0 n/a
Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS) 1,466 0.28 n/a 0 n/a
Workers' Party of the Basque Country (ORT–PTE) 1,404 0.27 n/a 0 n/a
Basque Socialists' Unity Force (ESEI) 1,343 0.26 n/a 0 n/a
Communist Unity (UC) 1,340 0.26 n/a 0 n/a
Carlist Party (EKA/PC) 684 0.13 n/a 0 n/a
Blank ballots 2,164 0.42 n/a
Total 515,542 20 n/a
Valid votes 515,542 98.92 n/a
Invalid votes 5,652 1.08 n/a
Votes cast / turnout 521,194 61.00 n/a
Abstentions 333,173 39.00 n/a
Registered voters 854,367
Sources[11][12]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ From 2023.
  2. ^ Until 2023.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Cifras oficiales de población resultantes de la revisión del Padrón municipal a 1 de enero. Población por provincias y por sexo". ine.es (in Spanish). National Institute of Statistics. Retrieved 8 February 2020.
  2. ^ "Elecciones al Parlamento del País Vasco y al Parlamento de Galicia del 12 de julio de 2020" (PDF). www.ine.es (in Spanish). National Institute of Statistics. 22 May 2020. Retrieved 23 May 2020.
  3. ^ a b Ley Orgánica 3/1979, de 18 de diciembre, de Estatuto de Autonomía para el País Vasco (Organic Law 3) (in Spanish). 18 December 1979. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  4. ^ a b c Ley 28/1983, de 25 de noviembre, de Elecciones al Parlamento Vasco (Law 28) (in Spanish). 25 November 1983. Retrieved 8 August 2017.
  5. ^ a b c Ley 5/1990, de 15 de junio, de Elecciones al Parlamento Vasco (Law 5) (in Spanish). 15 June 1990. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  6. ^ Reig Pellicer, Naiara (16 December 2015). "Spanish elections: Begging for the right to vote". cafebabel.co.uk. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  7. ^ Araque Conde, Pilar (8 June 2022). "El Congreso acaba con el voto rogado: diez años de trabas burocráticas para los residentes en el extranjero". Público (in Spanish). Madrid. Retrieved 31 July 2022.
  8. ^ Gallagher, Michael (30 July 2012). "Effective threshold in electoral systems". Trinity College, Dublin. Archived from the original on 30 July 2017. Retrieved 22 July 2017.
  9. ^ Real Decreto-ley 20/1977, de 18 de marzo, sobre Normas Electorales (Royal Decree-Law 20) (in Spanish). 18 March 1977. Retrieved 14 December 2019.
  10. ^ Ley Orgánica 5/1985, de 19 de junio, del Régimen Electoral General (Organic Law 5) (in Spanish). 19 June 1985. Retrieved 30 January 2020.
  11. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m "Election Results Archive". euskadi.eus (in Spanish). Basque Government. Retrieved 9 May 2024.
  12. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m "Basque Parliament elections since 1980". historiaelectoral.com (in Spanish). Electoral History. Retrieved 9 May 2024.

43°15′N 2°59′W / 43.250°N 2.983°W / 43.250; -2.983

Licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0 | Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biscay_(Basque_Parliament_constituency)
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