Callitris endlicheri

Callitris endlicheri
	In Oxley Wild Rivers National Park
Conservation status
	; Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Gymnospermae
Division:	Pinophyta
Class:	Pinopsida
Order:	Cupressales
Family:	Cupressaceae
Genus:	Callitris
Species:	C. endlicheri
Binomial name
	Callitris endlicheri; (Parl.) F.M.Bailey
Synonyms
	Frenela calcarata A.Cunn. ex Mirb.; Juniperus ericoides Nois. ex Desf.; Juniperus rigida Nois. ex Desf.; Callitris pyramidalis Sweet; Frenela rigida Endl.; Frenela endlicheri Parl.; Frenela gunnii var. mucronata Parl.; Callitris calcarata R.Br. ex F.Muell.; Frenela endlicheri var. mucronata (Parl.) Benth.;

Callitris endlicheri, commonly known as the black cypress pine, is a species of conifer in the family Cupressaceae that is native to eastern Australia.

Distribution and habitat

C. endlicheri is widespread in eastern Australia along the Great Dividing Range and can be found in Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Queensland, and Victoria at elevations of 350–1,100 m (1,150–3,610 ft).^[1] It commonly grows on rocky hills and ridges and can be found in dry sclerophyll woodlands and shrublands.^[3]^[4]

Description

Callitris endlicheri is an evergreen tree growing 5–15 m (16–49 ft) tall^[5] with tough, furrowed bark. The branches may be erect or spreading with keeled green leaves measuring 2–4 mm (0.08–0.2 in) long.^[6] This species is monoecious, with female cones occurring solitarily or in clusters on slender fruiting branchlets. The cones are smooth, almost spherical, measuring 15–20 mm (0.6–0.8 in) in diameter^[5] and containing a number of sticky seeds coated in resin. Cones may persist on the tree for a number of years.^[4]

Uses

The Wiradjuri people of New South Wales, who refer to this species as kara, use the trunks of young trees to make spears, the wood and dry needles as kindling, and the resinous sap as a glue and medicine.^[7] It is sometimes logged for commercial purposes.^[3]

Gallery

Cone and foliage of Callitris endlicheri
Bark of C. endlicheri trunk

References

^ ^a ^b Thomas, P. (2013). "Callitris endlicheri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2013: e.T42202A2960662. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T42202A2960662.en. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
^ "Callitris endlicheri (Parl.) F.M.Bailey". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Archived from the original on 21 September 2023. Retrieved 21 May 2024.
^ ^a ^b Earle, Christopher J. (ed.). "Callitris endlicheri (black cypress pine)". The Gymnosperm Database. Archived from the original on 3 December 2022. Retrieved 3 December 2022.
^ ^a ^b Sheather, Warren; Sheather, Gloria (24 May 2017). Clarke, Dan (ed.). "Callitris endlicheri". Australian Plants Society NSW. Archived from the original on 3 December 2022. Retrieved 3 December 2022.
^ ^a ^b Costermans, Leon (1981). Native Trees and Shrubs of South-Eastern Australia (Revised ed.). New Holland Publishers. p. 142. ISBN 9781877069703.
^ "Callitris endlicheri". New South Wales Flora Online. Archived from the original on 29 March 2023. Retrieved 3 December 2022.
^ Williams, Alice; Sides, Tim, eds. (2008). Wiradjuri Plant Use in the Murrumbidgee Catchment. Murrumbidgee Catchment Management Authority. p. 24. ISBN 978-0-7347-5856-9.

[IUCN-1] Thomas, P. (2013). "Callitris endlicheri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2013: e.T42202A2960662. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T42202A2960662.en. Retrieved 16 November 2021.

[POWO-2] "Callitris endlicheri (Parl.) F.M.Bailey". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Archived from the original on 21 September 2023. Retrieved 21 May 2024.

[GymnospermDatabase-3] Earle, Christopher J. (ed.). "Callitris endlicheri (black cypress pine)". The Gymnosperm Database. Archived from the original on 3 December 2022. Retrieved 3 December 2022.

[austplants-4] Sheather, Warren; Sheather, Gloria (24 May 2017). Clarke, Dan (ed.). "Callitris endlicheri". Australian Plants Society NSW. Archived from the original on 3 December 2022. Retrieved 3 December 2022.

[Costermans-5] Costermans, Leon (1981). Native Trees and Shrubs of South-Eastern Australia (Revised ed.). New Holland Publishers. p. 142. ISBN 9781877069703.

[6] "Callitris endlicheri". New South Wales Flora Online. Archived from the original on 29 March 2023. Retrieved 3 December 2022.

[wpu-7] Williams, Alice; Sides, Tim, eds. (2008). Wiradjuri Plant Use in the Murrumbidgee Catchment. Murrumbidgee Catchment Management Authority. p. 24. ISBN 978-0-7347-5856-9.

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