Jews and Judaism in the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire

Note 1:

The Roman Republic was the period during Ancient Rome beginning with the overthrow of the Roman Kingdom, traditionally dated to 509 BC, and ending in 27 BC with the establishment of the Roman Empire.
The Roman Empire, later also known as the Western Roman Empire, lasted from 27 BCE (when Augustus became the first Roman emperor) until 476 AD (CE) (when Romulus Augustulus was deposed).