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Charles de Gaulle Airport

From Wikipedia - Reading time: 35 min

Paris Charles de Gaulle Airport
Roissy Airport

Aéroport de Paris-Charles-de-Gaulle
Aéroport de Roissy
Satellite image of the airport
Summary
Airport typePublic
OwnerGroupe ADP
OperatorParis Aéroport
ServesParis metropolitan area
LocationRoissy-en-France, France
Opened8 March 1974; 50 years ago (1974-03-08)
Hub for
Operating base for
Elevation AMSL119 m / 392 ft
Coordinates49°00′35″N 002°32′52″E / 49.00972°N 2.54778°E / 49.00972; 2.54778
Websitewww.parisaeroport.fr/en/charles-de-gaulle-airport
Maps
Map
CDG/LFPG is located in Île-de-France (region)
CDG/LFPG
CDG/LFPG
Location in Île-de-France
CDG/LFPG is located in France
CDG/LFPG
CDG/LFPG
CDG/LFPG (France)
Map
Runways
Direction Length Surface
m ft
08L/26R 4,142 13,589 Asphalt
08R/26L 2,700 8,858 Asphalt
09L/27R 2,700 8,858 Asphalt
09R/27L 4,200 13,780 Asphalt
FATO 08/26 440 1,444 Turf
Statistics (2023)
Passengers67,421,316
Aircraft movements448,305
  • Source: AIP France[1]
  • Passenger Traffic & Aircraft Movements[2]
Freight Movements[3]

Paris Charles de Gaulle Airport (IATA: CDG, ICAO: LFPG), also known as Roissy Airport, is the main international airport serving Paris, the capital of France. Opened in 1974, it is in Roissy-en-France, 23 km (14 mi) northeast of Paris and is named after World War II statesman Charles de Gaulle (1890–1970), whose initials form its IATA airport code.

Charles de Gaulle Airport serves as the principal hub for Air France and a destination for other legacy carriers (from Star Alliance, Oneworld and SkyTeam), as well as an operating base for easyJet and Norse Atlantic Airways. It is operated by Groupe ADP (Aéroports de Paris) under the brand Paris Aéroport.

In 2023, the airport handled 67,421,316 passengers and 448,305 aircraft movements,[4] thus making it the world's ninth busiest airport and Europe's third busiest airport (after Istanbul and Heathrow) in terms of passenger numbers. Charles de Gaulle is also the busiest airport within the European Union. In terms of cargo traffic, the airport is the eleventh busiest in the world and the busiest in Europe, handling 2,102,268 tonnes (2,069,066 long tons; 2,317,354 short tons) of cargo in 2019.[5] It is also the airport that is served by the greatest number of airlines, with more than 105 airlines operating at the airport.[6]

As of 2017, the airport offered direct flights to the most countries and hosts the most airlines in the world.[7] Marc Houalla has been the director of the airport since 12 February 2018.

Location

[edit]

Paris Charles de Gaulle Airport covers 32.38 square kilometres (12.50 sq mi) of land. The airport area, including terminals and runways, spans over three départements and six communes:

The choice of constructing an international aviation hub outside of central Paris was made due to a limited prospect of potential relocations or expropriations and the possibility of further expanding the airport in the future.

Management of the airport lies solely on the authority of Groupe ADP, which also manages Orly (south of Paris), Le Bourget (to the immediate southwest of Charles de Gaulle Airport, now used for general aviation and Paris Air Shows), several smaller airfields in the suburbs of Paris, and other airports directly or indirectly worldwide.

History

[edit]

Development

[edit]

The planning and construction phase of what was known then as Aéroport de Paris Nord (Paris North Airport)[9] began in 1966. On 8 March 1974 the airport, renamed Charles de Gaulle Airport, opened. Terminal 1 was built in an avant-garde design of a ten-floors-high circular building surrounded by seven satellite buildings, each with six gates allowing sunlight to enter through apertures. The main architect was Paul Andreu, who was also in charge of the extensions during the following decades.

Terminal 2 opened in 1981 with the official inauguration in presence of the then President, Francois Mitterrand, in March 1982. Unlike Terminal 1, Terminal 2 was designed with a traditional linear layout, but has evolved over time into a series of distinct terminals, designated as 2A through to 2G.[citation needed]

Following the introduction of the brand Paris Aéroport to all its Parisian airports, Groupe ADP also announced major changes for the Charles de Gaulle Airport: Terminals of the Satellite 1 were to be merged,[clarification needed] as well as terminals 2B and 2D. A new luggage automated sorting system and conveyor under Terminal 2E Hall L was installed to speed luggage delivery time.[citation needed] The CDG Express, the direct express rail link from Paris to Charles de Gaulle Airport, is scheduled to open in early 2027.[10]

Corporate identity

[edit]

The Frutiger typeface was commissioned for use in the airport and implemented on signs throughout the building in 1975. Initially called Roissy, it was renamed after its designer Adrian Frutiger.

Until 2005, every PA announcement made at Terminal 1 was preceded by a distinctive chime, nicknamed "Indicatif Roissy" and composed by Bernard Parmegiani in 1971. The chime can be heard in the Roman Polanski film Frantic. The chime was officially replaced by the "Indicatif ADP" chime.

On 14 April 2016, the Groupe ADP rolled out the Connect 2020 corporate strategy and the commercial brand Paris Aéroport was applied to all Parisian airports, including Le Bourget airport.[11]

Terminals

[edit]
Airport Diagram
Aerial view of Terminal 1 (before refurbishment)
Aerial view of Terminal 2A and 2B (before refurbishment)

Charles de Gaulle Airport has three terminals: Terminal 1 is the oldest and situated opposite to Terminal 3; Terminal 2 is located at another side with 7 sub-terminal buildings (2A to 2G). Terminal 2 was originally built exclusively for Air France;[9] since then it has been expanded significantly and now houses other airlines. Terminals 2A to 2F are interconnected by elevated walkways and situated next to each other. Terminal 2G is a satellite building connected by shuttle bus.[9]

Terminal 3 (formerly known as "Terminal 9") hosts charter and low-cost airlines. The CDGVAL light-rail shuttle connects Terminal 2 to Terminals 1 and 3 and their parking lots.

Before the COVID-19 pandemic, Charles de Gaulle Airport had assigned all Star Alliance members to use Terminal 1, Oneworld members to use Terminal 2A and SkyTeam members to use Terminals 2C, 2E (intercontinental), 2D, 2F and 2G (European routes). The assignments changed several times due to the pandemic.

Today, the airport has assigned Star Alliance airlines to Terminal 1, Oneworld airlines to use Terminal 1 for routes to the Middle East and Asia, and 2B for flights to the Americas, Africa, and Europe (due to the closure of Terminal 2A), and SkyTeam airlines to use Terminals 2E for international routes and 2F for Schengen routes.

Terminal 1

[edit]

The first terminal, designed by Paul Andreu, was built in the image of an octopus. It consists of a circular terminal building which houses key functions such as check-in counters and baggage claim conveyors. Seven satellites with boarding gates are connected to the central building by underground walkways.

The central building, with a large skylight in its centre, dedicates each floor to a single function. The first floor is reserved for technical operations and not accessible to the public. The second floor contains shops and restaurants, the CDGVAL inter-terminal shuttle train platforms (for Terminal 2 and trains to central Paris) and check-in counters from a recent renovation. The majority of check-in counters, however, are located on the third floor, which also has access to taxi stands, bus stops and special pick-up vehicles. Departing passengers with valid boarding passes can reach the fourth floor, which houses duty-free stores and border control posts, for the boarding gates. The fifth floor contains baggage claim conveyors for arriving passengers. All four upper floors have assigned areas for parking and airline offices.

Passages between the third, fourth and fifth floors are provided by a tangle of escalators arranged through the centre of the building. These escalators are suspended over the central court. Each escalator is covered with a transparent tube to shelter from all weather conditions. These escalators were often used in film shootings (e.g., The Last Gang of Ariel Zeitoun). The Alan Parsons Project album I Robot features these escalators on its cover.

Terminal 1 closed in March 2020 in response to the drop in traffic during the COVID-19 pandemic. ADP used this time for a €250 million refurbishment. Completed in 2023, the refurbishment included the creation of a new junction building linking satellites 1, 2 and 3, and modernisation of the central body of the terminal. Various design details in the refurbished terminal pay homage to the circular shape of the original Andreu design. The upgraded Terminal 2 also features a new departure lounge designed by French designers Maxime Liautard and Hugo Toro, which reflects the ambiance of a Parisian bistro.[12][13]

All Star Alliance airlines use Terminal 1.[14] Other carriers using Terminal 1 include Oneworld carriers Cathay Pacific, Qatar Airways and SriLankan Airlines and non-aligned carriers Aer Lingus, Emirates, Etihad Airways, Eurowings, Icelandair, Kuwait Airways and Oman Air.[15]

Terminal 2

[edit]

Terminal 2 is spread across seven sub-terminals: 2A to 2G. Terminals 2A to 2F are connected by inter-terminal walkways, but Terminal 2G is a satellite building 800 m (0.5 mi) away. Terminal 2G can only be accessed by shuttle bus from Terminals 1, 2A to 2F and 3. The CDGVAL inter-terminal shuttle train, Paris RER Regional-Express and high-speed TGV rail station, Aéroport Charles de Gaulle 2 TGV, is located within the Terminal 2 complex and between 2C and 2E (on one side) or 2D and 2F (on the opposite side).

Terminal 2F was used for the filming of the music video for the U2 song "Beautiful Day". The band also had their picture taken inside Terminal 2F for the album artwork of their 2000 album All That You Can't Leave Behind.

Terminals 2B and 2D are used by the majority of the airlines part of the Oneworld alliance, except Oneworld's long haul carriers to Asia and the Middle East, French overseas airlines Air Austral and Air Tahiti Nui,[15] and all other non SkyTeam short-haul and mid-haul airlines which do not operate from Terminal 1.[16] and SkyTeam carrier Czech Airlines also use this terminal.[15]

Terminals 2E and 2F are dedicated use for Air France and its SkyTeam partners except Czech Airlines (Terminal 2D) and Saudia (Terminal 1). Several other carriers also use Terminal 2E, these are Oneworld carrier Japan Airlines[16] and non-aligned carriers Air Mauritius, China Southern Airlines, Gulf Air, LATAM Chile, and WestJet.[15]

Collapse of Terminal 2E

[edit]
Collapsed Terminal 2E, June 2004
Map of terminal 2 various halls

On 23 May 2004, shortly after the inauguration of terminal 2E, a portion of it collapsed near Gate E50, killing four people.[17] Two of the dead were reported to be Chinese citizens, one Czech and the other Lebanese.[18] Three other people were injured in the collapse. Terminal 2E had been inaugurated in 2003 after some delays in construction and was designed by Paul Andreu. Administrative and judicial enquiries were started.

Before this accident, ADP had been planning for an initial public offering in 2005 with the new terminal as a major attraction for investors. The partial collapse and indefinite closing of the terminal just before the beginning of summer seriously hurt the airport's business plan.

In February 2005, the results from the administrative inquiry were published. The experts pointed out that there was no single fault, but rather a number of causes for the collapse, in a design that had little margin for safety. The inquiry found the concrete vaulted roof was not resilient enough and had been pierced by metallic pillars and some openings weakened the structure. Sources close to the inquiry also disclosed that the whole building chain had worked as close to the limits as possible, so as to reduce costs. Paul Andreu denounced the building companies for having not correctly prepared the reinforced concrete.

On 17 March 2005, ADP decided to tear down and rebuild the whole part of Terminal 2E (the "jetty") of which a section had collapsed, at a cost of approximately €100 million.[19] The reconstruction replaced the innovative concrete tube style of the jetty with a more traditional steel and glass structure. During reconstruction, two temporary departure lounges were constructed in the vicinity of the terminal that replicated the capacity of 2E before the collapse. The terminal reopened completely on 30 March 2008.

Terminal 2G

[edit]
Terminal 2, former display screen
Air France aircraft on stands at Terminal 2F at Charles de Gaulle Airport.

Terminal 2G, dedicated to regional Air France and HOP! flights and its affiliates, opened in 2008. This terminal is to the east of all terminals and can only be reached by shuttle bus. Terminal 2G is used for passengers flying in the Schengen Area (and thus has no passport control) and handles Air France regional and European traffic and provides small-capacity planes (up to 150 passengers) with a faster turnaround time than is currently possible by enabling them to park close to the new terminal building and boarding passengers primarily by bus, or walking. A bus line called "navette orange" connects the terminal 2G inside the security check area with terminals 2E and 2F. Passengers transferring to other terminals need to continue their trip with other bus shuttles within the security check area if they do not need to get their bags.

Terminal 2E Hall L (Satellite 3)

[edit]

The completion of 750 m (2,460 ft) long Satellite 3 (or S3) to the immediate east of Terminals 2E and 2F provides further jetways for large-capacity airliners, specifically the Airbus A380. Check-in and baggage handling are provided by the existing infrastructure in Terminals 2E and 2F. Satellite 3 was opened in part on 27 June 2007 and fully operational in September 2007. It corresponds now to gates L of terminal 2E.

Terminal 2E Hall M (Satellite 4)

[edit]

The satellite S4, adjacent to the S3 and part of terminal 2E, officially opened on 28 June 2012. It corresponds now to gates M of terminal 2E. Dedicated to long-haul flights, it has the ability to handle 16 aircraft at the same time, with an expected capacity of 7.8 million passengers per year. Its opening has led to the relocation of all SkyTeam airlines to terminals 2E (for international carriers), 2F (for Schengen European carriers) and 2G.

Recent terminal reassignments

[edit]

Air France has moved all of its operations previously located at 2C to 2E. In October 2012, 2F closed its international operations and became completely Schengen, allowing for all Air France flights previously operating in 2D to relocate to 2F.

Further, in April 2013, Terminal 2B closed for a complete renovation (with all airlines relocating to 2D) and received upgrades including the addition of a second floor completely dedicated to arrivals. Terminal 2B reopened on 2 June 2021. Airlines including the Lufthansa group, Aegean Airlines, easyJet, Icelandair, LOT Polish Airlines, Norwegian Air Shuttle, Play, Royal Air Maroc, and Scandinavian Airlines began operations at Terminal 2B until 2 December 2022, when the airlines except easyJet and Royal Air Maroc moved back to Terminal 1. Low-cost carrier easyJet has shown interest in being the sole carrier at 2B.[20][irrelevant citation] To facilitate connections, a new boarding area between 2A and 2C was opened in March 2012. It allows for all security and passport control to be handled in a single area, allows for many new shopping opportunities as well as new airline lounges, and eases transfer restrictions between 2A and 2C. Terminal 2D was closed during the pandemic and received the same upgrade including an additional floor. Terminal 2D reopened on 18 April 2023 and some airlines have moved operations to the terminal.[15]

Terminals 2A and 2C are closed for baggage renovation system for 18 months (with all airlines relocating to Terminal 1 or 2B).[a]

Terminal 3

[edit]

Terminal 3 is located 1 km (0.62 mi) away from Terminal 1. It consists of one single building for arrivals and departures. The walking distance between Terminals 1 and 3 is 3 km (1.9 mi); however, the rail station (named as "CDG Airport Terminal 1") for RER and CDGVAL trains are only at a distance of 300 m (980 ft). Terminal 3 has no boarding gates constructed and all passengers are ferried by airport buses to the aircraft stands.

Terminal usage during COVID-19 pandemic

[edit]

The airport's services during the pandemic were sharply reduced. On 30 March 2020, the airport announced it would temporarily close Terminals 1 and 3, moving all remaining flights to Terminal 2. Terminal 2D was also closed during the pandemic and only Terminals 2A, 2C, 2E, 2F and 2G were opened. At the beginning of the pandemic, airlines were grouped by alliances: Star Alliance airlines operated at Terminal 2A, where Air Canada and Ethiopian Airlines operated prior to the pandemic, Oneworld airlines shifted their operations to Terminal 2C, and SkyTeam airlines operated at Terminals 2E and 2F. Between December 2020 and June 2021, only Terminals 2E and 2F were opened with non-Schengen flights operating at Terminal 2E and Schengen flights operated at Terminal 2F. 2B reopened on 2 June 2021 and some airlines were shifted to that concourse. Terminals 2A, 2C and 2D were then reopened for more space. Between June 2021 and December 2022, Star Alliance airlines operated at Terminals 2A (non-Schengen) and 2B (Schengen), Oneworld airlines operated at Terminals 2C (non-Schengen) and 2D (Schengen) and SkyTeam airlines operated at Terminals 2E (non-Schengen), 2F and 2G (both Schengen). However, Star Alliance airlines flights to Asia except Singapore Airlines, who operated at Terminal 2A were operating at Terminal 2E due to the capacity restrictions at Terminal 2A. Terminal 3 reopened on 3 May 2022 for the use of all charter and low cost airlines.[21] Terminal 1 remained closed for renovation at that time. It reopened on 1 December 2022 to reduce traffic at Terminal 2.[22]

Cancelled project for Terminal 4

[edit]

Plans for a new terminal, Terminal 4, were first announced in 2014. With an estimated cost of €9bn, the new terminal was to be built around 2025, when Charles de Gaulle Airport's maximum capacity of 80 million would have been reached. When constructed, the new terminal would have been able to accommodate 30–40 million passengers per year and would have likely been built north of Terminal 2E.[23][24] However, the Terminal 4 proposal was cancelled in 2021 due to reduced traffic resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic and new environmental regulations making the project unfeasible.[25] Environmentalist groups hailed the cancellation of the project as a "great victory."[24]

Roissypôle

[edit]

Roissypôle is a complex consisting of office buildings, shopping areas, hotels, and a bus coach and RER B station within Charles de Gaulle Airport. The complex includes the head office of Air France,[26] Continental Square,[27] the Hilton Paris Charles de Gaulle Airport,[28] and le Dôme building. Le Dôme includes the head office of Air France Consulting, an Air France subsidiary.[29] Continental Square has the head office of Air France subsidiary Servair[30] and the Air France Vaccinations Centre.[31]

Airlines and destinations

[edit]

Passenger

[edit]
AirlinesDestinations
Aegean Airlines Athens
Seasonal: Heraklion,[32] Thessaloniki
Aer Lingus Dublin, Shannon[33]
Aeroméxico Mexico City
Air Algérie Algiers, Annaba, Béjaïa, Biskra, Chlef, Constantine, Oran
Seasonal: El Oued, Tlemcen
Air Arabia Fès, Rabat, Tangier, Tétouan[34]
Air Austral Saint-Denis de la Réunion
Seasonal: Dzaoudzi
airBaltic Riga, Tallinn,[35] Vilnius[35]
Air Cairo Seasonal: Luxor[36]
Aircalin Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Nouméa (both begin 11 December 2024)[37]
Air Canada Montréal–Trudeau, Toronto–Pearson
Air China Beijing–Capital
Air Corsica Seasonal: Bastia
Air France Abidjan,[38] Abuja,[39] Algiers, Amsterdam,[40] Antananarivo,[38] Athens,[41] Atlanta,[38] Bamako,[39] Bangalore,[38] Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi,[42] Bangui,[39] Barcelona,[43] Basel/Mulhouse,[40] Beijing–Capital,[38] Beirut, Bergen,[40] Berlin,[40] Biarritz,[43] Bilbao,[40] Billund,[40] Birmingham,[40] Bogotá,[39] Bologna,[40] Bordeaux,[43] Boston,[38] Brazzaville,[38] Brest,[43] Bucharest–Otopeni,[40] Budapest,[40] Buenos Aires–Ezeiza,[38] Cairo,[38] Calvi, Cancún,[39] Casablanca,[44] Cayenne,[45] Chicago–O'Hare,[38] Clermont-Ferrand,[43] Conakry,[38] Copenhagen,[40] Cotonou,[38] Dakar–Diass,[39] Dallas/Fort Worth,[38] Delhi,[46] Denver,[47] Detroit,[38] Djibouti,[38] Douala,[39] Dubai–International,[39] Dublin,[40] Düsseldorf,[40] Edinburgh,[40] Florence,[43] Fortaleza,[48] Fort-de-France,[39] Frankfurt,[40] Geneva,[40] Gothenburg,[40] Hamburg,[40] Hannover,[40] Havana,[49] Helsinki,[43] Ho Chi Minh City,[50] Hong Kong,[51] Houston–Intercontinental,[38] Istanbul,[40] Johannesburg–O. R. Tambo,[52] Kilimanjaro ,[53] Kinshasa–N'djili,[38] Kraków,[54] Lagos,[39] Libreville,[39] Lima,[39] Lisbon,[40] Ljubljana,[40] Lomé,[55] London–Heathrow,[40] Los Angeles,[56] Luanda,[38] Lyon,[43] Madrid,[40] Malabo,[39] Málaga,[40] Manchester,[40] Manila (resumes 7 December 2024),[57] Marrakesh, Marseille,[43] Mauritius,[39] Mexico City,[38] Miami,[39] Milan–Linate,[43][43] Milan–Malpensa,[40] Minneapolis/St. Paul,[58] Mykonos,[40] Montpellier,[43] Montréal–Trudeau,[38] Mumbai,[59] Munich,[40] Nairobi–Jomo Kenyatta,[39] Nantes,[43] Naples,[43] N'Djamena,[39] New York–JFK,[38] Newark,[60][38] Newcastle upon Tyne,[40] Niamey,[61] Nice,[43] Nouakchott,[39] Nuremberg, Oran, Orlando (resumes 21 May 2025),[62] Osaka–Kansai,[38] Oslo,[40] Ottawa,[63] Ouagadougou,[39] Panama City–Tocumen,[38] Papeete,[64] Pau,[43] Phoenix–Sky Harbor,[65] Pointe-à-Pitre,[39] Pointe-Noire,[38] Porto,[40] Prague,[40] Rabat, Raleigh/Durham,[66] Rennes,[43] Rio de Janeiro–Galeão,[67] Rome–Fiumicino,[40] Saint-Denis de la Réunion,[68] Salvador da Bahia,[69] San Francisco,[38] San José (CR),[39] Santiago de Chile,[38] São Paulo–Guarulhos,[38] Seattle/Tacoma,[38] Seoul–Incheon,[70] Seville,[40] Shanghai–Pudong,[39] Singapore,[39] Sint Maarten,[39] Stockholm–Arlanda,[40] Stuttgart,[40] Tbilisi,[40] Tel Aviv,[38] Tenerife–South, Tokyo–Haneda,[71] Toronto–Pearson,[38] Toulouse,[43] Tromsø,[72] Tunis, Turin,[40] Valencia,[40] Vancouver,[38] Venice,[40] Vienna,[40] Warsaw–Chopin,[40] Washington–Dulles,[38] Yaoundé,[39] Yerevan,[40] Zagreb,[40] Zanzibar,[39] Zürich[40]
Seasonal: Ajaccio, Bari,[54] Bastia, Cagliari, Cape Town,[39] Catania,[40] Corfu, Cork,[40] Djerba, Dubrovnik,[40] Faro, Figari, Gran Canaria, Harstad/Narvik,[73] Heraklion, Ibiza, Kalamata,[73] Kiruna (begins 21 December 2024),[74] Kittilä,[75] Malé,[76] Malta, Olbia,[40] Palermo, Palma de Mallorca, Québec City,[38] Rhodes, Rovaniemi,[43] Salzburg,[77] Santorini, Sofia, Split, Tirana,[78] Verona[73]
Air India Delhi, Mumbai[79]
Air Mauritius Mauritius
Air Montenegro Podgorica[80]
Air Nostrum Seasonal charter: Palma de Mallorca[81]
Air Saint-Pierre Seasonal: Saint-Pierre[82]
Air Senegal Dakar–Diass
Air Serbia Belgrade[83]
Air Tahiti Nui Los Angeles, Papeete, Seattle/Tacoma (ends 5 January 2025)[84]
Air Transat Montréal–Trudeau, Québec City
Seasonal: Toronto–Pearson
AJet Ankara,[85] Istanbul–Sabiha Gökçen[86]
All Nippon Airways Tokyo–Haneda[87]
American Airlines Dallas/Fort Worth, New York–JFK, Philadelphia
Seasonal: Charlotte, Chicago–O'Hare,[88] Miami[89]
Animawings Bucharest–Otopeni (begins 2 March 2025)[90][91]
arkia Tel Aviv[92]
Asiana Airlines Seoul–Incheon
ASL Airlines France Algiers, Pau, Tel Aviv
Seasonal: Calvi, Chlef, Djerba, Oujda
Atlantic Airways Seasonal: Vágar[93]
Aurigny Guernsey[94]
Austrian Airlines Vienna[95]
Avianca Bogotá[96]
Azerbaijan Airlines Baku[97]
Azores Airlines Seasonal: Ponta Delgada[98]
British Airways London–Heathrow[99]
Brussels Airlines Brussels[100]
Bulgaria Air Sofia[101]
Seasonal: Varna[102]
Cabo Verde Airlines Praia, Sal, São Vicente[103]
Cathay Pacific Hong Kong[104]
China Eastern Airlines Shanghai–Pudong
China Southern Airlines Guangzhou[105]
Corendon Airlines Seasonal: Antalya,[106] İzmir[106]
Croatia Airlines Zagreb[107]
Seasonal: Dubrovnik,[108] Split[109]
Cyprus Airways Seasonal: Larnaca[110]
Delta Air Lines Atlanta, Boston, Cincinnati,[111] Detroit, Los Angeles,[112] Minneapolis/St. Paul, New York–JFK, Salt Lake City, Seattle/Tacoma
Eastern Airways[113] East Midlands, Southampton[114]
easyJet Barcelona, Belfast–International, Bergamo, Berlin, Biarritz, Birmingham,[115][116] Bristol, Budapest,[117] Catania, Copenhagen, Edinburgh, Faro, Fuerteventura,[118] Funchal,[119] Glasgow, Hurghada,[120] Kraków, Lanzarote, Leeds/Bradford,[121] Lisbon, Liverpool,[122] London–Gatwick, London–Luton, London–Southend,[123] Madrid, Málaga, Manchester,[124] Marrakesh, Milan–Linate, Milan–Malpensa, Newcastle upon Tyne,[125] Nice, Oslo,[126] Palermo,[127] Pisa, Porto, Rabat,[128] Tel Aviv (resumes 1 April 2025),[129] Venice
Seasonal: Agadir, Ajaccio, Bari, Bastia, Calvi, Corfu, Figari, Heraklion, Ibiza,[130] Kittilä,[131] Larnaca, Menorca, Mykonos, Naples, Olbia, Palma de Mallorca, Pula, Sharm El Sheikh,[132] Split, Tenerife–South, Toulon, Tromsø (begins 28 November 2024)[133]
Egyptair Cairo
Seasonal: Luxor
El Al Tel Aviv[134]
Emirates Dubai–International
Ethiopian Airlines Addis Ababa
Etihad Airways Abu Dhabi[135]
Eurowings Hamburg
EVA Air Taipei–Taoyuan
Finnair Helsinki[136]
FlyOne Seasonal: Chișinău[137]
FlyOne Armenia Seasonal: Yerevan[138]
Georgian Airways Tbilisi
Gulf Air Bahrain
Hainan Airlines Chongqing,[139] Shenzhen,[140] Xi'an[141]
HiSky Bucharest–Otopeni[142]
Iberia Express Madrid[143]
Icelandair Reykjavík–Keflavík[144]
Iran Air Tehran–Imam Khomeini (suspended)[145]
ITA Airways Milan–Linate, Rome–Fiumicino[146]
Japan Airlines Tokyo–Haneda
Jet2.com Leeds/Bradford
JetBlue Boston,[147] New York–JFK[148]
Kenya Airways Nairobi–Jomo Kenyatta
KLM Amsterdam[149]
KM Malta Airlines Malta[150][151]
Korean Air Seoul–Incheon[152]
Kuwait Airways Kuwait City
LATAM Brasil São Paulo–Guarulhos
LOT Polish Airlines Warsaw–Chopin[153]
Lufthansa Frankfurt, Munich
Luxair Luxembourg
Malaysia Airlines Kuala Lumpur–International (resumes 22 March 2025)[154]
Middle East Airlines Beirut
Norse Atlantic Airways New York–JFK[155]
Seasonal: Los Angeles[156]
Norwegian Air Shuttle Copenhagen, Oslo, Stockholm–Arlanda
Seasonal: Bergen, Stavanger,[157] Tromsø[158]
Nouvelair Monastir
Seasonal: Sfax[159]
Oman Air Muscat[160]
Pegasus Airlines Ankara, Istanbul–Sabiha Gökçen[161]
Play Reykjavík–Keflavík[162][163]
Qantas Perth,[164] Sydney[165][b]
Qatar Airways Doha
Royal Air Maroc Casablanca, Marrakesh[166]
Seasonal: Oujda[167]
Royal Jordanian Amman–Queen Alia[168]
RwandAir Kigali[169]
Saudia Jeddah,[170] Riyadh
Seasonal: Al Ula, Medina (begins 7 December 2024)[171]
Scandinavian Airlines Copenhagen, Oslo, Stockholm–Arlanda
Singapore Airlines Singapore
Sky Express Athens
Seasonal: Heraklion,[172] Rhodes[173]
Smartwings Prague[174]
SriLankan Airlines Colombo–Bandaranaike[175]
SunExpress Ankara, Antalya, İzmir
Seasonal: Bodrum[176]
Swiss International Air Lines Zürich[177]
TAROM Bucharest–Otopeni
Thai Airways International Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi
Tunisair Djerba, Monastir, Tozeur
Turkish Airlines Istanbul[178]
Tus Airways[179] Seasonal: Larnaca
T'way Air Seoul–Incheon[180]
United Airlines Chicago–O'Hare, Newark, San Francisco, Washington–Dulles
Uzbekistan Airways Tashkent, Urgench
Vietnam Airlines Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City
Vueling Barcelona, Gran Canaria, Santiago de Compostela, Seville
Seasonal: Bilbao
WestJet Calgary[181]
Seasonal: Halifax (resumes 16 May 2025),[182] St. John's (begins 18 May 2025)[182]
XiamenAir Xiamen[183]

Cargo

[edit]
AirlinesDestinations
AirBridgeCargo[184] Moscow–Sheremetyevo (suspended)
Air France Cargo[185] Bangalore,[186] Chicago–O'Hare, Dublin, Glasgow–Prestwick, Guadalajara, Hong Kong, Houston–Intercontinental, Tokyo–Narita
ASL Airlines France[187] Hannover, Istanbul, Katowice, Kyiv–Boryspil, Leipzig/Halle, Marseille, Toulouse
Cathay Cargo[188] Hong Kong
Central Airlines Shenzhen, Tianjin, Xiamen
China Cargo Airlines[189] Shanghai–Pudong
CMA CGM Air Cargo[190] Abu Dhabi, Baku, Guangzhou, Hong Kong, Mumbai, Shanghai-Pudong
DHL Aviation[citation needed] Casablanca, Cincinnati, Leipzig/Halle, London–Heathrow
Emirates SkyCargo[191] Dubai–Al Maktoum
FedEx Express[citation needed] Amsterdam, Athens, Barcelona, Basel/Mulhouse, Beijing–Capital,[192] Cologne/Bonn, Copenhagen, Delhi, Dubai–International, Edinburgh, Guangzhou, Helsinki, Hong Kong, Indianapolis, Istanbul, London–Stansted, Madrid, Manchester, Memphis, Milan–Malpensa, Mumbai, Munich, Newark, Osaka–Kansai,[193] Singapore, Stockholm–Arlanda, Teesside, Tel Aviv, Tokyo–Narita, Vienna
FedEx Feeder[citation needed] Berlin, Frankfurt, Hamburg, Hanover, Lyon, Newcastle upon Tyne, Nice, Prague, Rome–Fiumicino, Shannon, Stuttgart, Toulouse, Warsaw–Chopin
Geo-Sky[194] Türkmenabat
Korean Air Cargo[195] Seoul–Incheon
MNG Airlines[196] Cologne/Bonn, Istanbul
Turkish Cargo[197] Istanbul
UPS Airlines[citation needed] Cologne/Bonn, Louisville, Philadelphia

Ground transportation

[edit]
Terminal 2, CDGVAL station
Terminal 2E, LISA station
RER station of Aéroport Charles de Gaulle 2 TGV
Train station of Aéroport Charles de Gaulle 2 TGV

CDGVAL

[edit]

The airport's terminals are served by a free automated shuttle rail system, consisting of two lines (CDGVAL and LISA).

CDGVAL (Charles de Gaulle Véhicule Automatique Léger, English: Charles de Gaulle light automatic vehicle) links Terminal 1, parking lot PR, Aéroport Charles de Gaulle 1 RER station (located inside Roissypôle and next to Terminal 3), Parking lot PX, and the Aéroport Charles de Gaulle 2 TGV and RER station located between Terminals 2C, 2D, 2E, and 2F

LISA (Liaison Interne Satellite Aérogare, English: Connection internal satellite terminal) links Terminal 2E to the Satellite S3 (L Gates) and Satellite S4 (M Gates).

RER

[edit]

Charles de Gaulle Airport is connected to central Paris by the RER B, a hybrid suburban commuter and rapid transit line. The service has two stations on the airport grounds:[198]

During most times, there are two types of services that operate on the RER B between Charles de Gaulle airport and Paris:

The RER B has historically suffered from slowness and overcrowding, so French authorities are building CDG Express, a train service that will operate non-stop from Charles de Gaulle Airport to Paris Gare de l'Est railway station (next to Gare du Nord) starting in 2027. It will share some of the same tracks, and is expected to offer a 20-minute non-stop ride every half hour from 5am to midnight.[199] The new line is expected to take airline customers off RER B, making room for local passengers, and divert to rail 15% of automobile trips to the airport.[199]

TGV

[edit]

Terminal 2 includes a TGV station on the LGV Interconnexion Est line. TGV inOui, Ouigo and Thalys high-speed services operate from the station offering services to stations across France and into Belgium and the Netherlands.

Bus

[edit]
  • Roissybus offers non-stop express service between Opéra station of the Paris Métro and Charles de Gaulle airport, making stops at all terminals (except 2G).
  • "Magical Shuttle" offers non-stop express service between Disneyland Paris and Charles de Gaulle airport, making stops at Terminal 1 and Terminal 2E/2F.
  • RATP bus 350 offers local (all-stops) service between Gare de l'Est/Gare du Nord in Paris and Charles de Gaulle airport, all terminals (except 2G) and other areas of the airport.
  • RATP bus 351 offers local service between Nation station in Paris, Gallieni station, all terminals (except 2G) and other areas of the airport.
  • Noctilien routes N140 and N143 offers local service during the overnight hours between Gare de l'Est/Gare du Nord in Paris and Charles de Gaulle airport, all terminals (except 2G) and other areas of the airport.

Long-distance bus

[edit]

BlaBlaBus and Flixbus all offer services to international and domestic destinations from the bus station outside of the Aéroport Charles de Gaulle 1 RER station.

Car

[edit]

Charles de Gaulle Airport is directly connected to Autoroute A1 which connects Paris and Lille.

Alternative airports

[edit]

The two other airports serving Paris are Orly Airport (south of Paris, the other major airport in Paris) and Paris-Le Bourget Airport (north-northeast of Paris, for general aviation and private jets).

Several low-cost airlines also advertise Beauvais–Tillé Airport and Châlons Vatry Airport, respectively 85 kilometres (53 mi) and 165 kilometres (103 mi) from Paris proper, as serving "Paris" with Paris–Beauvais and Paris–Vatry. Beauvais airport has no railway connections, but there is a shuttle bus to central Paris 15 times daily.

Accidents and incidents

[edit]
  • On 6 January 1993, Lufthansa Flight 5634 from Bremen to Paris, which was carried out under the Lufthansa CityLine brand using a Contact Air Dash 8–300 (registered D-BEAT), hit the ground 1,800 metres (5,900 ft) short of the runway of Charles de Gaulle Airport, resulting in the death of four out of the 23 passengers on board. The four crew members survived. The accident occurred after the pilot had to abort the final approach to the airport because the runway had been closed: the aircraft immediately ahead, a Korean Air Boeing 747, had suffered a blown tire upon landing.[200]
  • On 25 July 2000, a Concorde, Air France Flight 4590 from Charles de Gaulle to John F. Kennedy International Airport in New York, crashed into Les Relais Bleus Hotel in Gonesse, killing everyone on the aircraft and four people on the ground. Investigations concluded that a tire burst during take-off roll, after running over a metal strip on the runway that had detached from a McDonnell Douglas DC-10-30 operating as Continental Airlines Flight 55, which departed shortly before, leading to a ruptured fuel tank and resulting in engine failure and other damage. Concorde was conducting a charter flight for a German tour company.
  • On 25 May 2001, a freight-carrying Short SH36 (operated as Streamline flight 200), departing to Luton, England, collided on the runway with departing Air Liberté flight 8807, an MD-83 jet. The first officer of the SH36 was killed when the wing tip of the MD-83 tore through his side of the flight deck. The captain was slightly injured and all others aboard survived.

Statistics

[edit]
Charles de Gaulle Airport Passenger Totals. See Wikidata query.
Countries served by CDG

The following table shows total passenger numbers.[201][202][4]

Year Passengers
2023 67,421,316 (+17.3%)
2022 57,474,033 (+119.4%)
2021 26,196,575 (+17.7%)
2020 22,257,469 (−70.8%)
2019 76,150,007 (+5.4%)
2018 72,229,723 (+4%)
2017 69,471,442 (+5.4%)
2016 65,933,145 (+0.3%)
2015 65,766,986 (+3.1%)
2014 63,813,756 (+2.8%)
2013 62,052,917 (+0.7%)
2012 61,611,934 (+1%)
2011 60,970,551 (+4.8%)
2010 58,167,062 (+0.5%)
2009 57,906,866 (−4.3%)
2008 60,874,681 (+1.5%)
Busiest domestic routes from Paris Charles de Gaulle Airport (2020)[203]
Rank Airport Departing
passengers		 Change %
1 Nice–Côte d'Azur 374,820 Decrease33.6
2 Toulouse–Blagnac 262,822 Decrease47.6
3 Marseille–Provence 198,312 Decrease41.7
4 Bordeaux–Mérignac 148,430 Decrease55.0
5 Réunion–Roland Garros 129,135 Decrease31.8
6 Montpellier–Méditerranée 107,829 Decrease49.4
7 Lyon–Saint-Exupéry 102,055 Decrease63.5
8 Nantes–Atlantique 91,057 Decrease60.6
9 Brest–Bretagne 67,546 Decrease48.9
10 Biarritz–Pays Basque 59,024 Decrease55.7
Busiest European routes from Paris Charles de Gaulle Airport (2020)[203]
Rank Airport Departing
passengers		 Change %
1 Amsterdam 242,828 Decrease61.0
2 London–Heathrow 186,597 Decrease70.5
3 Rome–Fiumicino 174,089 Decrease73.3
4 Barcelona–El Prat 174,088 Decrease75.3
5 Istanbul 151,645 Decrease59.0
6 Frankfurt 151,374 Decrease72.4
7 Lisbon 148,383 Decrease57.1
8 Madrid–Barajas 146,822 Decrease73.8
9 Milan-Malpensa 143,117 Decrease76.6
10 Athens 113,546 Decrease60.5
Busiest intercontinental routes from Paris Charles de Gaulle Airport (2020)[203]
Rank Airport Departing
passengers		 Change %
1 Dubai–International 208,847 Decrease64.4
2 Montreal–Trudeau 176,719 Decrease71.7
3 New York–JFK 167,430 Decrease79.5
4 Doha 116,097 Decrease68.2
5 Dakar 109,803 Decrease48.9
6 Tunis 105,392 Decrease57.1
7 Atlanta 105,000 Decrease75.0
8 Algiers 98,603 Decrease76.8
9 Los Angeles 95,538 Decrease82.0
10 Casablanca 94,622 Decrease66.3

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ All North American, Middle East, African and Asian routes expect American Airlines, El Al, Royal Jordanian and the two French overseas airlines moved operations to Terminal 1. All European routes, American Airlines, El Al, Royal Jordanian, and the two French overseas airlines moved operations to Terminal 2B.
  2. ^ Sydney is the continuation of Perth flight as the same flight number

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