The Commodore 64 amassed a large software library of nearly 10,000 commercial titles, covering genres from games to business applications.
Applications, utility, and business software[ edit ]
The Commodore 64’s slow 1541 disk drive limited its suitability as a business computer,[ 1] yet it was used for tasks like graphics creation, desktop publishing, and word processing.[ 2] Info 64 , the first magazine produced using desktop publishing tools, was created on and dedicated to the Commodore platform.[ 3]
Popular graphics software included KoalaPainter , known for its graphics tablet interface,[ 4] and Doodle!, a widely used drawing program.[ 5] Desktop publishing tools like The Print Shop and "The Newsroom" enabled users to create signs, banners, and newsletters.[ 6] [ 7] Light pens and CAD software were also available.[ 8]
Multiplan - spreadsheet program developed by Microsoft
Word processors such as PaperClip and Vizawrite were popular,[ 9] [ 10] alongside the type-in program SpeedScript , published in Compute!'s Gazette .[ 11] Spreadsheet programs included Multiplan by Microsoft [ 12] and Calc Result ,[ 13] while Vizastar offered integrated software features.[ 14] Office suites like Mini Office II and software from Data Becker were also available.[ 15] [ 16]
The GEOS operating system provided a graphical interface akin to the early Apple Macintosh , with office applications and support for peripherals like printers and light pens .[ 17] It gained popularity for its affordability and capabilities.[ 18]
Music software included Music Construction Set and MIDI cartridges,[ 19] with the modern Prophet64 cartridge offering advanced sequencing and synthesis.[ 20]
Think back for a minute to the first program you ever saw on a Commodore 64. Chances are it was a game, if you've had a 64 for more than a couple of years.
— Compute!'s Gazette , 1986[ 21]
Ghostbusters by Activision , 1984 .
By 1985, games comprised 60–70% of Commodore 64 software,[ 22] driven by its advanced sound and graphics hardware. Over 23,000 unique game titles were released.[ 23]
Winter Games : the "Hot Dog" event.
Notable titles included International Soccer , Impossible Mission , and Epyx’s multievent series (Summer Games , Winter Games , World Games , and California Games ).[ 24] Other significant games were Boulder Dash , The Sentinel , and Elite .[ 25] Budget games from Mastertronic and Codemasters were popular on cassette.[ 26] In 1993, Mayhem in Monsterland earned a 100% rating from Commodore Format for its graphics and gameplay.[ 27]
Type-ins, bulletin boards, and disk magazines[ edit ]
Cover of Loadstar #53 (1988)
The Commodore 64 featured a large library of type-in programs published in magazines like Compute!'s Gazette , Ahoy! , and RUN .[ 28] Disk magazines like Loadstar provided ready-to-run programs.[ 29] BBSs distributed public domain and freeware software via services like Q-Link and CompuServe .[ 30]
Software piracy was prevalent, with warez groups like Fairlight distributing cracked software via BBSs and sneakernets .[ 31] Tools like Fast Hack'em bypassed copy protection.[ 32]
The Commodore 64 shipped with BASIC 2.0 , limited in accessing advanced features, requiring PEEK and POKE or extensions like Simons' BASIC .[ 33] Commodore opted for BASIC 2.0 to reduce costs.[ 34]
The SID chip enabled music software like Kawasaki Synthesizer and Music Construction Set .[ 35] [ 36] Modern tools include GoatTracker .[ 37]
Development tools included assemblers like MIKRO and compilers for C and Pascal.[ 38] Game creation kits like SEUCK and GameMaker were popular.[ 39]
Current tools include CBM prg Studio , Relaunch64 , and assemblers like Kick Assembler and cc65 .[ 40] [ 41]
Retrocomputing efforts [ edit ]
Preservation efforts involve transferring software to modern media and developing emulators like VICE .[ 42] The GameBase 64 project catalogs nearly 29,000 titles.[ 43]
^ Perry, Tekla S.; Wallich, Paul (March 1985). "Design case history: the Commodore 64" (PDF) . IEEE Spectrum . 22 (3): 48– 58. doi :10.1109/MSPEC.1985.6370590 . S2CID 11900865 . Archived from the original (PDF) on May 13, 2012. Retrieved 2011-11-12 .
^ "The Commodore 64: A Cultural Icon" . Retrocomputing.net . Retrieved 2023-10-15 .
^ "Info 64: The First Desktop Publishing Magazine" . Compute! . January 1985. Retrieved 2023-10-15 .
^ "KoalaPainter Review" . Compute! . December 1983. Retrieved 2023-10-15 .
^ "Doodle! for Commodore 64" . Lemon64 . Retrieved 2023-10-15 .
^ "The Print Shop for Commodore 64" . MobyGames . Retrieved 2023-10-15 .
^ "The Newsroom: A Review" . RUN . June 1986. Retrieved 2023-10-15 .
^ "Commodore 64 Peripherals" . C64-Wiki . Retrieved 2023-10-15 .
^ "PaperClip: A Powerful Word Processor" . Compute!'s Gazette . February 1984. Retrieved 2023-10-15 .
^ "Vizawrite for Commodore 64" . Lemon64 . Retrieved 2023-10-15 .
^ "SpeedScript: A Powerful Word Processor" . Compute!'s Gazette . May 1984. Retrieved 2023-10-15 .
^ "Multiplan for Commodore 64" . MobyGames . Retrieved 2023-10-15 .
^ "Calc Result for Commodore 64" . Lemon64 . Retrieved 2023-10-15 .
^ "Vizastar for the Commodore 64" . Archived from the original on 2013-04-21. Retrieved 2023-10-15 .
^ "Mini Office II for Commodore 64" . MobyGames . Retrieved 2023-10-15 .
^ "Data Becker Software" . C64-Wiki . Retrieved 2023-10-15 .
^ West, Raeto Collin (1985). Programming the Commodore 64: The Definitive Guide . Compute! Publications. pp. 400– 405. ISBN 0-87455-001-7 .
^ "GEOS: A New Era for the Commodore 64" . RUN . December 1986. Retrieved 2023-10-15 .
^ "Music Construction Set for Commodore 64" . MobyGames . Retrieved 2023-10-15 .
^ "Prophet64: A Modern Music Tool for the C64" . Prophet64.com . Retrieved 2023-10-15 .
^ Yakal, Kathy (June 1986). "The Evolution of Commodore Graphics" . Compute!'s Gazette . pp. 34– 42. Retrieved 2019-06-18 .
^ Waite, Mitchell; Lafore, Robert; Volpe, Jerry (1985). "The C64 Mode" . The Official Book for the Commodore 128 Personal Computer . Howard W. Sams & Co. p. 80. ISBN 0-672-22456-9 .
^ "Gamebase64 Database" . Gamebase64 . Retrieved 2023-10-15 .
^ "Top 100 Commodore 64 Games" . Zzap!64 . December 1989. Retrieved 2023-10-15 .
^ Maher, Jimmy (2012). The Future Was Here: The Commodore Amiga . MIT Press. pp. 45– 50. ISBN 978-0262017206 .
^ "Mastertronic: Budget Games for the Masses" . Retro Gamer . Retrieved 2023-10-15 .
^ "Mayhem in Monsterland Review" . Commodore Format . No. 38. November 1993. pp. 45– 47. Retrieved 2023-10-15 .
^ "Type-In Programs: A Staple of Commodore Magazines" . Compute! . July 1984. Retrieved 2023-10-15 .
^ "Loadstar: The Disk Magazine for Commodore Users" . LyonLabs . Retrieved 2023-10-15 .
^ Dillon, Roberto (2014). Ready: A Commodore 64 Retrospective . Springer. pp. 120– 125. ISBN 978-9812873408 .
^ Carlsson, Anders (2015). "The Rise and Fall of the Commodore 64". IEEE Annals of the History of Computing . 37 (4): 22– 35. doi :10.1109/MAHC.2015.67 .
^ "Copy Protection and Piracy on the Commodore 64" . Compute! . August 1985. Retrieved 2023-10-15 .
^ Zimmermann, Kim (2017). Commodore 64: A Visual Compendium . Bitmap Books. pp. 30– 35. ISBN 978-0993012983 .
^ "Why Commodore Stuck with BASIC 2.0" . Ahoy! . March 1986. Retrieved 2023-10-15 .
^ "Kawasaki Synthesizer for Commodore 64" . MobyGames . Retrieved 2023-10-15 .
^ "Music Construction Set: A Review" . Compute! . November 1983. Retrieved 2023-10-15 .
^ "GoatTracker: A Modern SID Music Editor" . SourceForge . Retrieved 2023-10-15 .
^ "Development Tools for the Commodore 64" . C64-Wiki . Retrieved 2023-10-15 .
^ "SEUCK: Create Your Own Shoot-'Em-Ups" . Zzap!64 . May 1988. Retrieved 2023-10-15 .
^ "CBM prg Studio" . Ajordison.co.uk . Retrieved 2023-10-15 .
^ "Relaunch64" . Popelganda.de . Retrieved 2023-10-15 .
^ "VICE: The Versatile Commodore Emulator" . SourceForge . Retrieved 2023-10-15 .
^ "GameBase 64: Preserving Commodore 64 Games" . GB64.com . Retrieved 2023-10-15 .
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