Computer arithmetic

Computer arithmetic is the scientific field that deals with representation of numbers on computers and corresponding implementations of the arithmetic operations.^[1] ^[2]

It includes:

Fixed-point arithmetic
Floating-point arithmetic
Interval arithmetic
Arbitrary-precision arithmetic
Modular arithmetic
- Multi-modular arithmetic
- p-adic arithmetic, consisting of computing modulo a single prime number and retrieving the integer or rational result by using Hensel lifting
- Finite field arithmetic
Matrix arithmetic

In the cases where the size of the representation of a number is fixed (fixed-point, floating-point and interval arithmetic), the main concern is to control the computational error, as far as possible; see, for example IEEE 754.

In the other cases, where an exact result should be provided, the main concern is the practical efficiency, which is optimized by combining improvements of computational complexity with hardware specificities.

ARITH Symposium on Computer Arithmetic is an international symposium devoted to computer arithmetic.

References

^ Parhami, Behrooz (2003), "Number Representation and Computer Arithmetic" (PDF), Encyclopedia of Information Systems, Elsevier, pp. 217–333
^ Grys, Slawomir (2023), "Computer Arithmetic in Practice", Taylor & Francis Group, CRC Press, p. 212, doi:10.1201/9781003363286, ISBN 978-1-003-36328-6

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[1] Parhami, Behrooz (2003), "Number Representation and Computer Arithmetic" (PDF), Encyclopedia of Information Systems, Elsevier, pp. 217–333

[2] Grys, Slawomir (2023), "Computer Arithmetic in Practice", Taylor & Francis Group, CRC Press, p. 212, doi:10.1201/9781003363286, ISBN 978-1-003-36328-6

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