Crown Prince Uiso

Crown Prince Uiso (Korean: 의소세자; Hanja: 懿昭世子; 27 September 1750 – 17 April 1752^[a]) or Crown Prince Successor Uiso (의소세손; 懿昭世孫), personal name Yi Jeong (이정; 李琔) was a Joseon Crown Prince as the son of Crown Prince Sado and Crown Princess Consort Hyegyeong and was third in line of succession to the throne to King Yeongjo. He was the older brother of King Jeongjo. His Chinese name was Changheung (창흥; 昌興; Changheung; J'anghŭng).^[1]

His mother, Crown Princess Consort Hye, of the Pungsan Hong clan was the great-great-great-granddaughter from Princess Jeongmyeong, the only daughter of Queen Inmok and King Seonjo. Due to intermarriage into the royal family, Princess Jeongmyeong was also his 5th great-grandaunt, and 4th great-grandmother.

His maternal grandfather was Hong Bong-han, whose younger brother was Hong In-han, a minister and later Prime Minister of that time.

He was the first grandson of the 21st King Yeongjo of Joseon and his father, Crown Prince Sado, was the illegitimate second son of King Yeongjo. King Yeongjo's first son, Crown Prince Hyojang, died at the age of 10, leaving Crown Prince Sado as King Yeongjo's only male descendant. King Yeongjo hoped for another son but instead bore only daughters.

Uiso's father Crown Prince Sado had a severe mental illness and was often at odds with his father, King Yeongjo. Crown Prince Sado favoured the political party Soron, while King Yeongjo supported the ruling party Noron.

On September 27, 1750, he was born in Gyeongchungung, Changgyeonggung, Hanseong, Joseon. On May 13, 1751 King Yeongjo declared him the political heir.

In December 1751, his aunt Crown Princess Consort Hyeon died. Soon after on 17 April 1752, Crown Prince Uiso died in Tongmyeongjeon Hall. His grandfather, King Yeongjo took both of their deaths hard and severed from psychological trauma for some time.

He was given a state funeral,^[2] from special instructions of King Yeongjo. His body was buried to the south of Mt. Ahnhyon (안현 鞍峴), Bugahyeon-dong in Hanseong.^[3] King Yeongjo named his grave Uiso grave and wrote the epitaphs, erecting a tombstone.

Ten years later, in 1762, his grandfather, King Yeongjo, had his father, Crown Prince Sado, executed by locking him in a rice chest and starving him. His younger brother became the Grand Heir of Joseon in 1759 as he was intended to take over after their grandfather. He later became King of Joseon in 1776.

In 1870, during King Gojong of Joseon's 6th year of reign, his grave name was Uiryong Park (의령원; 懿寧園).^[4] On June 7, 1949, his grave was moved to Wondang in Goyang.

• Father: King Jangjo of Joseon (조선 장조; 13 February 1735 – 12 July 1762)
  • Grandfather : King Yeongjo of Joseon (조선 영조; 31 October 1694 – 22 April 1776)
  • Grandmother : Royal Noble Consort Yeong of the Jeonui Lee clan (영빈 이씨; 15 August 1696 – 23 August 1764)
• Mother: Queen Heongyeong of the Pungsan Hong clan (헌경왕후 홍씨; 6 August 1735 – 13 January 1816)
  • Grandfather : Hong Bong-han (홍봉한; 1713–1778)
  • Grandmother : Lady Lee of the Hansan Lee clan (한산 이씨; 1713–1755)

1. Brother: King Jeongjo of Joseon (조선 정조; 28 October 1752 – 18 August 1800)
   1. Sister-in-law: Queen Hyoui of the Cheongpung Kim clan (효의왕후 김씨; 5 January 1754 – 10 April 1821)
2. Sister: Princess Cheongyeon (청연공주; 1754 – 9 June 1821)
   1. Brother-in-law: Kim Gi-seong (김기성; ?–1811)
3. Sister: Princess Cheongseon (청선공주; 1756 – 20 July 1802)
   1. Brother-in-law: Jeong Jae-hwa (정재화; 1754–1790)

• Crown Prince Sado
• Crown Prince Hyojang
• Jeongjo of Joseon
• Crown Prince Munhyo