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Danziger Höhe

From Wikipedia - Reading time: 10 min
Territory of West Prussia with district borders and the Danziger Höhe highlighted
Territory of the Free City with two urban districts (orange) and three rural districts (yellow), Danziger Höhe in the west

The Danziger Höhe (i.e. Danzig Heights; Kreis Danziger Höhe) was an administrative district founded in 1887 and dissolved in 1939. The district administration was based in the City of Danzig, which itself did not form part of the district but was an independent city (Stadtkreis). The area Danziger Höhe covered is now within Poland.

History

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The district was formed from parts of the previous Danzig Rural District [de] within the Danzig Region in the province of West Prussia, within the Kingdom of Prussia, itself a part of Germany since 1871. In 1910, the district had 53,506 inhabitants, of which 23,955 were Protestant and 29,206 were Catholic. 9.7% had officially declared that they spoke the Kashubian language.

After the First World War, when the Treaty of Versailles came into effect in 1920, Danziger Höhe became a district in the new Free City of Danzig. The district was enlarged by a number of municipalities from neighbouring West Prussian districts of Neustadt, Karthaus, Berent and Dirschau, which otherwise became part of the Second Polish Republic as part of the Pomeranian Voivodeship. Some municipalities in the Danziger Höhe district were also ceded to Poland.

Demographics

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The district had a majority German population, with minorities of Kashubians and Poles.[1][2]

Ethnolinguistic structure of Danziger Höhe [1][3]
Year Population German Polish / Kashubian / Bilingual / Other
1905 50,148 44,113 88.0% 6,035 12.0%
1910 53,506 47,397 88.6% 6,109 11.4%

Component cities and towns

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Towns and cities in the Danzig Heights district
Official name
1887-1939		 name
variant(s)		 official name
after 1945		 population (year) status area part of Höhe
district		 before part
of district
Adlig Groß Czapielken till 1923,
Schaplitz since		 Wielki Czapielsk Szlachecki 164 (1910) manorial ward, merged in Königlich Czapielken in 1929 1920-1939 Karthaus [de]
Altdorf Stara Wieś [pl] 52 (1910) municipality, then merged in Danzig City 1887-1933 Danzig rural [de]
Artschau Arciszewo 103 (1910) manorial ward, merged in Straschin-Prangschin in 1929 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Babenthal Babendoll Babidół 133 (1910)
278 (1929) 		manorial ward till 1929, then municipality 1920-1939 Karthaus
Bangschin Bendieszin Będzieszyn 174 (1910) manorial ward, merged in Praust in 1929 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Bankau Bąkowo 235 (1910) manorial ward, merged in Jenkau in 1929 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Barenhütte Baarenhütte Borowina 248 (1910)
287 (1929) 		municipality 1920-1939 Berent [de]
Bechsteinswalde Kamionka 130 (1910) manorial ward, merged in Subbowitz in 1929 1920-1939 Dirschau [de]
Bissau Biesowo Bysewo [pl] 678 (1910) municipality, ceded to Kartuzy County 1887-1920 Danzig rural
Bölkau see: Klein Bölkau
Borgfeld Borkowo Łostowickie 343 (1910)
356 (1929) 		municipality 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Borrenschin Boręcin Borzęcin 27 (1910) manorial ward; merged in Gischkau in 1929 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Bösendorf Zławieś Zła Wieś 138 (1910) municipality 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Braunsdorf Błotnia 395 (1910) municipality 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Brentau Brentowo Brętowo 1,179 (1910) municipality, merged in Danzig City 1887-1933 Danzig rural
Brösen Bresen Brzeźno 2,504 (1910) town; merged in Danzig City 1887-1914 Danzig rural
Buschkau see: Ober Buschkau
Czapeln Czaple 121 (1910) manorial ward; ceded to Kartuzy County 1887-1920 Danzig rural
Czerniau till 1906,
Scherniau since		 Czerniewo 254 (1910)
323 (1929) 		municipality 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Czerniau, Gutsbezirk till 1905,
Schwarzenfelde since		 Czerniec 124 (1910) manorial ward; merged in Czerniau (munic.) in 1929 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Domachau Domachowo 118 (1910) manorial ward; merged in Saskoschin in 1929 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Ellerbruch Olszanka 239 (1910)
203 (1929) 		municipality 1920-1939 Berent
Ellernitz Lniska 108 (1910) manorial ward; ceded to Kartuzy County 1887-1920 Danzig rural
Emaus Emaus [pl] 2,217 (1910) municipality; merged in Danzig City 1887-1934 Danzig rural
Gischkau Juszkowo 357 (1910) municipality 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Glasberg Szklana Góra 299 (1910)
234 (1929) 		municipality 1920-1939 Karthaus
Glettkau Gletkowo Jelitkowo 254 (1910) municipality, merged in Oliva in 1901, which again merged in Danzig City 1887-1925 Danzig rural
Gluckau Klukowo [pl] 574 (1910) municipality, ceded to Kartuzy County[4] 1887-1920 Danzig rural
Goldkrug Złota Karczma [pl] 24 (1905)
39 (1929) 		locality of Mattern (ceded to Kartuzy Cty in 1920) remaining, upgraded to municipality[5] 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Goschin Goschyn Goszyn 212 (1910) manorial ward, merged in Klein Bölkau in 1929 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Grenzacker Blizny 142 (1910)
114 (1929) 		municipality 1920-1939 Berent
Grenzdorf Graniczna Wieś 279 (1910) municipality 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Groß Bölkau Groß Billekaw Bielkowo 266 (1910) manorial ward, merged in Löblau in 1929 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Groß Golmkau till 1929,
Golmkau since		 Gołąbkowo 495 (1929) municipality 1920-1939 Dirschau
Groß Kleschkau till 1929,
Kleschkau since		 Kleszczewo 219 (1910) municipality 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Groß Kleschkau, Gutsbezirk Kleszczewo 225 (1910) manorial ward, merged in Groß Kleschkau (munic.) in 1929 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Groß Paglau Pawłowo 493 (1910)
257 (1929) 		manorial ward till 1929, then municipality 1920-1939 Berent
Groß Saalau Żuława 252 (1910) manorial ward, merged in Saalau in 1929 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Groß Trampken Trąbki Wielkie 428 (1910)
506 (1929) 		municipality 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Groß Trampken, Gutsbezirk Trąbki Wielkie 133 (1910) manorial ward, merged in Groß Trampken (munic.) in 1929 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Guteherberge Lipicz Lipce [pl] 418 (1910)
473 (1929) 		municipality, merged in Danzig City 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Heiligenbrunn Studzienka 742 (1905) locality, merged in Danzig City 1887-1902 Danzig rural
Hoch Kelpin till 1929,
Kelpin since		 Kiełpino Górne [pl] 251 (1929) municipality since merging Hoch Kelpin (man. wd.) and Smengorschin in 1908 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Hoch Kelpin, Gutsbezirk Kiełpino Górne 246 (1910) manorial ward, merged in Hoch Kelpin (munic.) in 1908 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Hochstrieß Striesz Bystrzec Górny 1945–1948,
Strzyża Górna [pl] since 		1,322 (1895)
3,399 (1905) 		manorial ward, merged in Danzig City on 1 April 1902 1887-1902 Danzig rural
Hohenstein Pszczółki 820 (1910)
1,188 (1929) 		municipality 1920-1939 Dirschau
Jenkau Janichowo Jankowo Gdańskie 137 (1910)
505 (1929) 		manorial ward till 1929, then municipality 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Jetau Groß Jetau Jagatowo 364 (1910)
314 (1929) 		municipality 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Johannisthal Dolinka [pl] 72 (1910) manorial ward, merged in Ober Buschkau in 1929 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Katzke Kaczki 168 (1910) manorial ward till 1929, then municipality 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Kelpin see: Hoch Kelpin
Kladau Kladow Kłodawa 491 (1910) municipality 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Klanau Klonowo Dolne 455 (1910)
386 (1929) 		municipality since merging Nieder Klanau and Ober Klanau in 1929 1920-1939 Karthaus
Klein Bölkau till 1929,
Bölkau since		 Bielkowo Małe Bielkówko 856 (1910)
1,110 (1929) 		municipality 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Klein Kelpin Kiełpinek [pl] 142 (1910)
139 (1929) 		manorial ward till 1929, then municipality[6] 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Klein Kleschkau, Gutsbezirk Kleszczewko 158 (1910) manorial ward, merged in Langenau in 1929 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Klein Saalau till 1929,
Saalau since		 Żuławka 97 (1910)
498 (1929) 		municipality 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Klein Trampken Trąbki Małe 220 (1910) municipality 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Klempin Klępiny 161 (1910)
379 (1929) 		municipality 1920-1939 Dirschau
Kleschkau see: Groß Kleschkau
Kohling Koloninek Kolnik 350 (1910)
422 (1929) 		municipality 1920-1939 Dirschau
Kokoschken Kokoszki 215 (1910) manorial ward, ceded to Kartuzy County[7] 1887-1920 Danzig rural
Königlich Czapielken till 1923,
Königlich Schaplitz 1923-1929
Schaplitz since		 Czapielsk Królewski Czapielsk 85 (1910)
263 (1929) 		municipality 1920-1939 Karthaus
Konradshammer Conradshammer Przymorze 279 (1910) locality, merged in Oliva in 1907, which again merged in Danzig City 1887-1925 Danzig rural
Kowall Kowale [pl] 202 (1910) municipality[8] 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Lagschau Lageschaw Łaguszewo 173 (1910) manorial ward, merged in Klempin in 1929 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Lamenstein Elganowo Ełganowo 711 (1910)
776 (1929) 		municipality 1920-1939 Dirschau
Langenau Langnowo Łęgowo 937 (1910)
1,204 (1929) 		municipality 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Leesen Lezno Leźno 302 (1910) manorial ward, ceded to Kartuzy County 1887-1920 Danzig rural
Lissau Lisewiec 125 (1910) manorial ward, merged in Klein Bölkau in 1929 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Löblau Lubelau Lublewo Gdańskie 934 (1910)
1,277 (1929) 		municipality 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Maczkau till 1907,
Matzkau since		 Matschkau Maćkowy [pl] 169 (1910) manorial ward, merged in Ohra in 1929, which later merged in Danzig City 1887-1933 Danzig rural
Maidahnen Majdany 131 (1910)
122 (1929) 		municipality 1920-1939 Karthaus
Mallentin Mallenczyn Malentyn 8 (1910) forest ward, merged in Klein Saalau in 1929 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Mariensee Przywidz 288 (1910)
426 (1929) 		manorial ward till 1929, then municipality 1920-1939 Karthaus
Marschau Marszewy Marszewo 297 (1910)
258 (1929) 		municipality 1920-1939 Karthaus
Mattern Matarnia 300 (1910) manorial ward, ceded to Kartuzy County[9] 1887-1920 Danzig rural
Meisterswalde Mierzeszyn 832 (1910)
804 (1929) 		municipality 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Mittel Golmkau Gołębiewo Średnie 217 (1910) municipality, merged in Groß Golmkau in 1929 1920-1939 Dirschau
Müggau Miggau Migowo 152 (1910)
146 (1929) 		manorial ward till 1922, then municipality, later merging in Danzig City[10] 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Nenkau Nenkowy Jasień [pl] 234 (1910) manorial ward, merged partially in Hoch Kelpin and Schüddelkau in 1929[11] 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Neuendorf Hochneuendorf Nowa Wieś 366 (1910)
278 (1929) 		municipality 1920-1939 Karthaus
Niedersommerkau Klein Szumprczie Ząbrsko Dolne 117 (1910)
91 (1929) 		municipality 1920-1939 Karthaus
Nobel Konstantinopel Niegowo [pl] 116 (1910)
122 (1929) 		municipality[12] 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Ober Buschkau till 1929
Buschkau since		 Buszkowy 502 (1910)
709 (1929) 		municipality 1920-1939 Karthaus
Oberhölle Oberhöl Piekło Górne 144 (1910)
129 (1929) 		municipality 1920-1939 Berent
Oberhütte Oberhütung Huta Górna 248 (1910)
209 (1929) 		municipality 1920-1939 Karthaus
Oberkahlbude Kolbude
Kolbudy Górne		 Kolbudy 348 (1910)
512 (1929) 		municipality 1920-1939 Karthaus
Obersommerkau Groß Szumprczie Ząbrsko Górne 256 (1910)
187 (1929) 		municipality 1920-1939 Karthaus
Ochsenkopf Ossenkop Częstocin 118 (1910)
208 (1929) 		municipality 1920-1939 Berent
Ohra Orunia [pl] 11,029 (1910) municipality, merged in Danzig City 1887-1933 Danzig rural
Oliva Oliwa 9,346 (1925) municipality, merged in Danzig City 1887-1925 Danzig rural
Oliva, Forst Oliwa-Leśniczówko 52 (1910)
125 (1929) 		forest ward 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Ostroschken Ostroszken Ostróżki 201 (1910)
214 (1929) 		municipality 1920-1939 Karthaus
Ottomin Otomin 60 (1905)
82 (1929) 		forest ward, ceded from Sulmin in 1907, upgraded to municipality in 1929 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Pietzkendorf Piecki 338 (1910)
357 (1929) 		municipality[13] 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Pomlau Pomlewo 432 (1910)
365 (1929) 		municipality 1920-1939 Karthaus
Postelau Postołowo 405 (1910)
432 (1929) 		municipality[14] 1920-1939 Dirschau
Prangenau till 1923,
Prangenau im Radaunetal since		 Pręgowo 621 (1910)
576 (1929) 		municipality 1920-1939 Karthaus
Prangschin Pręgszyn Prędzieszyn 234 (1910) manorial ward, merged in Straschin-Prangschin in 1929 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Praust Pruszcz 1945–1951,
Pruszcz Gdański since 		2,841 (1910)
3,878 (1929) 		municipality, merged in Danzig City in 1939[15] 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Prausterkrug Pruska Karczma 9 (1910) forest ward, merged in Grenzdorf in 1929 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Rambau Rębowo [pl] 82 (1910) manorial ward partitioned from Sulmin in 1907, merged in Schüddelkau in 1929 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Rambeltsch Rębielcz 401 (1910)
663 (1929) 		municipality[16] 1920-1939 Dirschau
Ramkau Rambechau Rębiechowo [pl] 538 (1910) municipality, ceded to Kartuzy County[17] 1887-1920 Danzig rural
Rexin Rekcin 158 (1910) manorial ward, merged in Klein Saalau in 1929 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Richthof (old) see: Sulmin
Richthof (new) Rychtow Otomin partitioned from Richthof (aka Sulmin, ceded to Kartuzy County), upgraded to municipality in 1923, merged in Ottomin in 1929 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Rosenberg Rozemberk Różyny 474 (1910)
778 (1929) 		municipality 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Rottmannsdorf Rothmancke Rotmanka 155 (1910) manorial ward, merged in Straschin-Prangschin in 1929 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Russoschin Russoczyn Rusocin 205 (1910) manorial ward, merged in Langenau in 1929 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Saalau see: Klein Saalau
Saskoschin Saskoczin Zaskoczyn 164 (1910)
247 (1929) 		manorial ward till 1929, then municipality 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Saspe Zaspa 3,149 (1910) manorial ward, merged in Danzig City 1887-1914 Danzig rural
Schäferei Széperëjô Owczarnia [pl] 83 (1910) manorial ward, ceded to Kartuzy County[18] 1887-1920 Danzig rural
Schaplitz see: Königlich Czapielken
Scharfenort Ostróżek [pl] 150 (1910)
172 (1929) 		manorial ward, merged in Straschin-Prangschin in 1929[19] 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Scharshütte Gromadzin 133 (1910)
109 (1929) 		municipality 1920-1939 Berent
Schellmühl Szelmeja Młyniska 533 (1910) municipality, merged in Danzig City 1887-1914 Danzig rural
Scherniau see: Czerniau
Schönbeck Miłowo 371 (1910)
296 (1929) 		municipality 1920-1939 Karthaus
Schönfeld bei Danzig Łostowice [pl] 407 (1910)
768 (1929) 		municipality[20] 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Schönfeld, Gutsbezirk Łostowice 88 (1910) manorial ward, merged in Schönfeld (munic.) in 1929 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Schönwarling Schuwerinken Skowarcz 691 (1910)
769 (1929) 		municipality 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Schüddelkau Szadółki [pl] 262 (1910)
557 (1929) 		municipality[21] 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Schwarzenfelde see: Czerniau, Gutsbezirk
Schwarzhütte Czarnahuta Czarna Huta 116 (1910)
108 (1929) 		municipality 1920-1939 Berent
Schwintsch Świńcz 198 (1910)
362 (1929) 		manorial ward till 1929, then municipality 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Senslau Żenisławki Żelisławki 249 (1910) manorial ward, merged in Rambeltsch in 1929 1920-1939 Dirschau
Smengorschin Smęgorzyno [pl] 65 (1905) manorial ward, merged in Hoch Kelpin in 1908[22] 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Sobbowitz Sobowidz 155 (1910) manorial ward till 1929, then municipality 1920-1939 Dirschau
Stangenwalde Stęgwałd Jodłowno 207 (1910)
201 (1929) 		municipality 1920-1939 Karthaus
Straschin Straszyn 279 (1910) manorial ward, merged in Straschin-Prangschin in 1929 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Straschin-Prangschin Straszyn Prędzieszyn Straszyn 885 (1929) municipality since merging Artschau, Prangschin, Rottmannsdorf and Straschin in 1929 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Strauchhütte Strukhuta Kierzkowo 313 (1910)
268 (1929) 		municipality 1920-1939 Berent
Strippau Strzepowo Trzepowo 377 (1910)
422 (1929) 		municipality 1920-1939 Berent
Strippau, Gutsbezirk Strzepowo Trzepowo 78 (1910) manorial ward, merged in the homonymous municipality in 1929 1920-1939 Berent
Sukczyn till 1894,
Suckschin since		 Żukczyn 349 (1910)
331 (1929) 		municipality 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Sulmin till 1908,
Richthof1908-1920
Sulmin since		 Sulmin 270 (1910) manorial ward till 1907, then municipality, ceded to Kartuzy County 1887-1920 Danzig rural
Tiefenthal Dypendal Roztoka 172 (1910)
121 (1929) 		municipality 1920-1939 Karthaus
Trampken Trąbki 7 (1910) forest ward, merged in Groß Trampken (munic.) in 1929 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Trockenhütte Suchahuta Sucha Huta 301 (1910)
242 (1929) 		municipality 1920-1939 Berent
Uhlkau Ulkowy 259 (1910)
241 (1929) 		manorial ward till 1920, then municipality 1920-1939 Dirschau
Unter Buschkau Buszkowy Dolne 156 (1910) manorial ward, merged in Ober Buschkau in 1929 1920-1939 Karthaus
Wartsch Warcz 309 (1910)
294 (1929) 		municipality 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Wartsch, Gutsbezirk Warcz 66 (1910) manorial ward, merged in the homonymous municipality in 1929 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Schweinebude till 1889,
Wiesenthal since		 Swienie Budy Drzewina 149 (1910)
153 (1929) 		municipality 1920-1939 Berent
Wonneberg Wujeścisko Ujeścisko [pl] 742 (1910)
990 (1929) 		manorial ward, merged in Straschin-Prangschin in 1929 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Woyanow Wojanowo 176 (1910) manorial ward, merged in Schwintsch in 1929, and was redistricted to Praust in 1935 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Zankenzin Zankenczyn Zakoniczyn [pl] 143 (1910) manorial ward, merged in Schönfeld (munic.) in 1929 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Zigankenberg Góra Cygańska [pl] 155 (1910) locality, merged in Danzig City 1887-1902 Danzig rural
Zipplau Cieplewo 155 (1910) municipality 1887-1939 Danzig rural
Zoppot Sopot 155 (1910) upgraded to independent city (urban district) 1920, 10 January to 25 March Neustadt [de]

References

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  1. ^ a b Belzyt, Leszek (1998). Sprachliche Minderheiten im preussischen Staat: 1815 - 1914 ; die preußische Sprachenstatistik in Bearbeitung und Kommentar. Marburg: Herder-Inst. ISBN 978-3-87969-267-5.[permanent dead link‍]
  2. ^ Mordawski, Jan (2017). Atlas dziejów Pomorza i jego mieszkańców – Kaszubów (PDF) (in Polish). Gdańsk: Zrzeszenie Kaszubsko-Pomorskie. pp. 35–36. ISBN 978-83-62137-38-1. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 21, 2020.
  3. ^ Mordawski, Jan (2017). Atlas dziejów Pomorza i jego mieszkańców – Kaszubów (PDF) (in Polish). Gdańsk: Zrzeszenie Kaszubsko-Pomorskie. pp. 35–36. ISBN 978-83-62137-38-1. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 21, 2020.
  4. ^ In 1973 Klukowo merged in Gdańsk City.
  5. ^ In 1954 Złota Karczma merged in Gdańsk City.
  6. ^ In 1973 Kiełpinek merged in Gdańsk City.
  7. ^ In 1973 Kokoszki merged in Gdańsk City.
  8. ^ In 1973 Kowale merged in Gdańsk City.
  9. ^ In 1973 Matarnia merged in Gdańsk City.
  10. ^ In 1945 Migowo was reconstituted as municipality, only to remerge in Gdańsk City in 1954.
  11. ^ In 1973 Jasień merged in Gdańsk City.
  12. ^ In 1954 Niegowo merged in Gdańsk City.
  13. ^ In 1942 Pietzkendorf merged in Danzig City.
  14. ^ In 1973 Postołowo merged in Gdańsk City.
  15. ^ In 1945 Pruszcz was reconstituted as municipality.
  16. ^ In 1973 Rębielcz merged in Gdańsk City.
  17. ^ In 1973 Rębiechowo merged in Gdańsk City.
  18. ^ In 1973 Owczarnia merged in Gdańsk City.
  19. ^ In 1954 Ostrożek merged in Gdańsk City.
  20. ^ In 1973 Łostowice merged in Gdańsk City.
  21. ^ In 1973 Szadółki merged in Gdańsk City.
  22. ^ In 1973 Smęgorzyno merged in Gdańsk City.

Literature

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54°11′43″N 18°00′59″E / 54.19528°N 18.01639°E / 54.19528; 18.01639

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