Doping at the World Athletics Championships

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As a signatory to the World Anti-Doping Code, the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF) prohibits the use of banned performance-enhancing substances by competitors at the World Championships in Athletics. A list of WADA-banned substances is regularly published to the public and amended as scientific knowledge expands.[1] The IAAF and anti-doping bodies undertake in-competition sampling of athletes blood and urine in order to detect where athletes have taken banned substances. This is also complemented by out-of-competition tests during the tournament and in the preceding period.[2]

Where a banned substance is detected in-competition the athlete's performance will be annulled and—depending on the severity of the infraction—the athlete may be banned from the sport for a set period. Where an out-of-competition sample tests positive for a banned substance, any performances by the athlete after that date may also be annulled. Athletes may also be banned via doping regulations if the athlete fails to submit to testing, tampers or interferes with the undertaking of anti-doping procedures, or is found in possession of banned substances.[2] Where a performance is annulled, any medals won by the athlete will be stripped from the athlete and the IAAF may decided to reallocate the medal(s) to the next best performers. This includes disqualification of whole national relay teams should one member break anti-doping rules. Samples are stored for future retesting, as improved methods over time may lead to previously unidentified cases of doping. The IAAF began a long-term storage approach from the 2007 World Championships onwards.[3]

A total of 162 athletes (69 men and 93 women) have had their results annulled at the World Championships, and 40 of these have been stripped of medals as a result. A total of 53 medals have been stripped as a result of doping infractions. The first doping failure pre-dates the main championships and comes from Spanish hurdler Rosa Colorado at the 1980 World Championships in Athletics – an event which only featured two women's events not on the Olympic programme. World champions to be banned include North American sprinters Ben Johnson, Marion Jones, Tim Montgomery and Kelli White. Other prominent champions to have been banned include Russian middle-distance runner Mariya Savinova, steeplechaser Yuliya Zaripova and racewalker Olga Kaniskina. The majority of stripped medallists have come from Russia.[4]

There has been an upward trend in the number of doping violations at the championships, with a peak of 50 athletes having had their performances annulled at the 2011 event, though it is assumed that this reflects improved detection rather than increased overall doping – an anonymous survey at that championships revealed over 30% of athletes had used banned substances during their career.[5]

Given the susceptibility of the sport of athletics to doping issues, the IAAF has been central in the development of anti-doping standards and anti-doping measures have been were present at World Championships since the first edition in 1983.[6] The anti-doping approach had a new development at the 2017 World Championships in Athletics, where all Russian athletes were banned due to state-sponsored doping and had to request dispensation to compete at Authorised Neutral Athletes.[7]

Disqualifications by year

[edit]
Ben Johnson's disqualification in 1987 was the first time a world champion was stripped of their title for doping.
Marion Jones was stripped of three sprint medals for doping at the 2001 event

.

Edition Year Host city Host country Athletes
disqualified
Medals
stripped
- 1976 Malmö Sweden 0 0
- 1980 Sittard Netherlands 1 0
1st 1983 Helsinki Finland 0 0
2nd 1987 Rome Italy 3 2
3rd 1991 Tokyo Japan 3 1
4th 1993 Stuttgart Germany 4 2
5th 1995 Gothenburg Sweden 0 0
6th 1997 Athens Greece 7 3
7th 1999 Seville Spain 7 3
8th 2001 Edmonton Canada 17 9
9th 2003 Saint-Denis France 11 6
10th 2005 Helsinki Finland 11 4
11th 2007 Osaka Japan 9 5
12th 2009 Berlin Germany 31 5
13th 2011 Daegu South Korea 50 10
14th 2013 Moscow Russia 21 3
15th 2015 Beijing China 7 0
16th 2017 London United Kingdom 3[8] 0
17th 2019 Doha Qatar
18th 2021 Eugene United States

Disqualifications by nation

[edit]
Three-time racewalk world champion Olga Kaniskina of Russia has been stripped of two of those titles for doping.
Mariya Savinova is one of many Russian athletes to be stripped for World Championships medals.
Zhanna Pintusevich-Block is one of two Ukrainians to be stripped of medals for doping at the event.

This table collates the total number of athletes who have been disqualified for doping at the championships by nation. Athletes with multiple disqualifications are counted as one. Where a relay team is disqualified, this is counted as one disqualification, though multiple team members may have been sanctioned.

Last updated 17 March 2018

Nation Men
disqualified
Women
disqualified
Total Medals
stripped
 Russia (RUS)[nb1] 14 38 52 24
 Ukraine (UKR) 4 10 14 2
 United States (USA) 8 5 13 14
 Morocco (MAR) 8 3 11 0
 Turkey (TUR) 0 8 8 1
 Belarus (BLR) 4 3 7 4
 Nigeria (NGR) 2 4 6 1
 Spain (ESP) 3 2 5 1
 France (FRA) 4 0 4 0
 Canada (CAN) 1 2 3 1
 Saudi Arabia (KSA) 3 0 3 0
 Greece (GRE) 0 2 2 1
 Kenya (KEN) 0 2 2 0
 Kazakhstan (KAZ) 0 2 2 0
 Afghanistan (AFG) 1 0 1 0
 Algeria (ALG) 1 0 1 1
 Australia (AUS) 1 0 1 0
 Bahrain (BHR) 0 1 1 0
 Belgium (BEL) 1 0 1 0
 Brazil (BRA) 1 0 1 0
 Bulgaria (BUL) 0 1 1 0
 Cuba (CUB) 1 0 1 0
 Great Britain & N.I. (GBR) 1 0 1 1
 Guatemala (GUA) 1 0 1 0
 Hungary (HUN) 1 0 1 0
 India (IND) 0 1 1 0
 Iran (IRI) 1 0 1 0
 Italy (ITA) 1 0 1 0
 South Korea (KOR) 1 0 1 0
 Liberia (LBR) 1 0 1 0
 Lithuania (LTU) 1 0 1 0
 Moldova (MDA) 0 1 1 0
 Malaysia (MAS) 1 1 1 0
 Norway (NOR) 1 0 1 1
 Portugal (POR) 0 1 1 0
 Romania (ROM) 0 1 1 0
 Somalia (SOM) 1 0 1 0
 Soviet Union (URS) 0 1 1 0
 Switzerland (SUI) 0 1 1 1
 Trinidad and Tobago (TTO) 0 1 1 0
 Turkmenistan (TKM) 0 1 1 0
 Uzbekistan (UZB) 1 0 1 1
 Venezuela (VEN) 0 1 1 0

Disqualifications by event

[edit]

This table collates the total number of disqualifications within a given event. Where the same athlete has been disqualified at multiple editions of the championships, each athlete disqualified per year is counted. Last updated 17 March 2018

Event Male
disqualifications
Female
disqualifications
Total
100 metres 8 11 19
200 metres 2 10 12
400 metres 7 9 16
800 metres 0 11 11
1500 metres 4 14 18
5000 metres 6 4 10
10,000 metres 0 2 2
Sprint hurdles 1 2 3
400 metres hurdles 2 3 5
3000 metres s'chase 2 8 10
4 × 100 metres relay 7 7 14
4 × 400 metres relay 5 7 12
Marathon 9 4 13
20 km walk[nb2] 7 6 13
50 km walk 5 0 5
High jump 1 2 3
Pole vault 1 0 1
Long jump 0 3 3
Triple jump 1 2 3
Shot put 11 4 12
Discus throw 2 5 7
Javelin throw 2 1 3
Hammer throw 4 6 10
Combined events 0 1 1
  • nb2 Includes precursor women's walk event over 10,000 m

Disqualified athletes

[edit]
Athlete Nation Sex Event Year(s) Result Notes
Rosa Colorado  Spain (ESP) Women 400 m hurdles 1980 1st Ran in B-final
Ben Johnson  Canada (CAN) Men 100 m
4 × 100 m relay
1987 1st place, gold medalist(s) 4th place Canadian relay team disqualified
Sandra Gasser  Switzerland (SUI) Women 1500 m 1987 3rd place, bronze medalist(s)
Angella Issajenko  Canada (CAN) Women 100 m
4 × 100 m relay
1987 5th 6th place Canadian relay team disqualified
Georg Andersen  Norway (NOR) Men Shot put 1991 2nd place, silver medalist(s)
Delisa Walton-Floyd  United States (USA) Women 800 m 1991 8th (semis)
Irina Slyusar  Soviet Union (URS) Women 100 m 1991 6th (semis)
Dmitriy Polyunin  Uzbekistan (UZB) Men Javelin throw 1993 3rd place, bronze medalist(s)
Mike Stulce  United States (USA) Men Shot put 1993 3rd place, bronze medalist(s)
Romas Ubartas  Lithuania (LTU) Men Discus throw 1993 4th
Liliya Nurutdinova  Russia (RUS) Women 800 m 1993 7th
Aleksandr Bagach  Ukraine (UKR) Men Shot put 1997 1st place, gold medalist(s)
Pascal Maran  France (FRA) Men 400 m hurdles 1997 6th (heats)
Antonio Pettigrew  United States (USA) Men 400 m
4 × 400 m relay
1997
1999
2001
7th (1997)
5th (1999)
4th (2001)
1997, 1999 and 2001 gold medal-winning American relay teams disqualified. Disqualified at three editions.
Daniel Plaza  Spain (ESP) Men 20 kilometres walk 1997 10th
Olimpiada Ivanova  Russia (RUS) Women 10,000 m walk 1997 2nd place, silver medalist(s)
Lyubov Tsyoma  Russia (RUS) Women 800 m 1997 DNF (semis)
Oksana Zelinskaya  Kazakhstan (KAZ) Women Triple jump 1997 15th (q)
Mohamed Ibrahim Aden  Somalia (SOM) Men 1500 m 1999 6th (semis)
Innocent Asonze  Nigeria (NGR) Men 100 m
4 × 100 m relay
1999 4th (q-finals) Bronze medal-winning Nigerian relay team disqualified
Davidson Ezinwa  Nigeria (NGR) Men 100 m 1999 7th (semis)
German Skurygin  Russia (RUS) Men 50 kilometres walk 1999 1st place, gold medalist(s)
Jerome Young  United States (USA) Men 400 m
4 × 400 m relay
1999
2001
2003
4th (1999)
4th (semis, 2001)
1st place, gold medalist(s)
2001 and 2003 gold medal-winning American relay teams disqualified. Disqualified at three editions
Hannah Cooper  Liberia (LBR) Women 4 × 400 m relay 1999 6th (h) Liberian relay team disqualified
Roberto Barbi  Italy (ITA) Men Marathon 2001 60th
Christophe Cheval  France (FRA) Men 200 m
4 × 100 m relay
2001 7th (q-finals) French relay team disqualified
Ramon Clay  United States (USA) Men 200 m 2001 8th (q-finals)
Andrei Mikhnevich  Belarus (BLR) Men Shot put 2001
2005
2007
2009
2011
10th (2001)
5th (2005)
3rd place, bronze medalist(s) (2007)
7th (2009)
3rd place, bronze medalist(s) (2011)
Banned for life, disqualified at five editions
Tim Montgomery  United States (USA) Men 100 m
4 × 100 m relay
2001
2003
2nd place, silver medalist(s) (2001)
5th (2003)
2001 Gold medal-winning American relay team disqualified. Disqualified at two editions
Ali Saïdi-Sief  Algeria (ALG) Men 5000 m 2001 2nd place, silver medalist(s)
Javier Sotomayor  Cuba (CUB) Men High jump 2001 4th
Venolyn Clarke  Canada (CAN) Women 100 m 2001 8th (q-finals)
Marion Jones  United States (USA) Women 100 m
200 m
4 × 100 m relay
2001 2nd place, silver medalist(s)
1st place, gold medalist(s)
2001 gold medal-winning American relay team disqualified
Svetlana Laukhova  Russia (RUS) Women 100 m hurdles 2001 5th (heats)
Yekaterina Leshchova  Russia (RUS) Women 200 m 2001 6th (heats)
Natalya Sadova  Russia (RUS) Women Discus throw 2001 1st place, gold medalist(s)
Natalya Sologub  Belarus (BLR) Women 400 m 2001 5th (semis)
Ana Mirela Termure  Romania (ROM) Women Javelin throw 2001 10th (q)
Kelli White  United States (USA) Women 100 m
200 m
4 × 100 m relay
2001
2003
7th (100 m, 2001)
3rd place, bronze medalist(s) (200 m, 2001)
1st place, gold medalist(s) (100 m, 2003)
1st place, gold medalist(s) (200 m, 2003)
2001 gold medal-winning American relay team disqualified. Disqualified at two editions.
Dwain Chambers  Great Britain & N.I. (GBR) Men 100 m
4 × 100 m relay
2003 4th Silver medal-winning British relay team disqualified
Fouad Chouki  France (FRA) Men 1500 m 2003 8th
Calvin Harrison  United States (USA) Men 400 m
4 × 400 m relay
2003 6th Gold medal-winning American relay team disqualified
Chris Phillips  United States (USA) Men 110 m hurdles 2003 5th
Kevin Toth  United States (USA) Men Shot put 2003 4th
Zhanna Block  Ukraine (UKR) Women 100 m
200 m
2003
2005
3rd place, bronze medalist(s) (100 m, 2003)
4th (200 m, 2003),
5th (200 m semis, 2005)
Disqualified at two editions
Regina Jacobs  United States (USA) Women 1500 m 2003 6th (semis)
Melissa Price  United States (USA) Women Hammer throw 2003 12th
Yuriy Belonog  Ukraine (UKR) Men Shot put 2005 4th
Vladyslav Piskunov  Ukraine (UKR) Men Hammer throw 2005 12th
Ivan Tikhon  Belarus (BLR) Men Hammer throw 2005 1st place, gold medalist(s)
Andrei Varantsou  Belarus (BLR) Men Hammer throw 2005 15th (q)
Neelam Jaswant Singh  India (IND) Women Discus throw 2005 9th (q)
Svetlana Krivelyova  Russia (RUS) Women Shot put 2005 4th
Tatyana Kotova  Russia (RUS) Women Long jump 2005 2nd place, silver medalist(s)
Olga Kuzenkova  Russia (RUS) Women Hammer throw 2005 1st place, gold medalist(s)
Nadzeya Ostapchuk  Belarus (BLR) Women Shot put 2005 1st place, gold medalist(s)
Naman Keïta  France (FRA) Men 400 m hurdles 2007 4th (semis)
Elvan Abeylegesse  Turkey (TUR) Women 5000 m
10,000 m
2007
2009
5th (5000 m, 2007)
2nd place, silver medalist(s) (10,000 m, 2007)
DQ (10,000 m, 2009)
Disqualified at two editions
Svetlana Cherkasova  Russia (RUS) Women 800 m 2007 6th (h)
Yuliya Fomenko  Russia (RUS) Women 1500 m 2007 7th
Hrisopiyí Devetzí  Greece (GRE) Women Triple jump 2007 3rd place, bronze medalist(s)
Gulfiya Khanafeyeva  Russia (RUS) Women Hammer throw 2007 10th
Darya Pishchalnikova  Russia (RUS) Women Discus throw 2007 2nd place, silver medalist(s)
Yelena Soboleva  Russia (RUS) Women 1500 m 2007 2nd place, silver medalist(s)
Hussain Al-Hamdah  Saudi Arabia (KSA) Men 5000 m 2009
2011
12th (h, 2009)
13th (2001
Disqualified at two editions
Valeriy Borchin  Russia (RUS) Men 20 kilometres walk 2009
2011
1st place, gold medalist(s) (2009)
1st place, gold medalist(s) (2011)
Disqualified at two editions
Jamel Chatbi  Morocco (MAR) Men 3000 m steeplechase 2009 DNS (final)
Leonardo dos Santos  Brazil (BRA) Men Triple jump 2009 20th (q)
Abderrahim Goumri  Morocco (MAR) Men Marathon 2009
2011
DNF
DNF
Disqualified at two editions
Sergey Kirdyapkin  Russia (RUS) Men 50 kilometres walk 2009
2011
1st place, gold medalist(s) (2009)
DNF (2011)
Disqualified at two editions
Mikhail Lemayev  Russia (RUS) Men Marathon 2009 45th
Ildar Minshin  Russia (RUS) Men 3000 m steeplechase 2009 7th
Kevin Rans  Belgium (BEL) Men Pole vault 2009 12th
Rakia Al-Gasara  Bahrain (BHR) Women 100 m
200 m
2009 7th (q-finals)
5th (h)
Mariem Selsouli  Morocco (MAR) Women 1500 m 2009 DNS (final)
Anna Alminova  Russia (RUS) Women 1500 m 2009 10th (semis)
Olena Antonova  Ukraine (UKR) Women Discus throw 2009 17th (q)
Toyin Augustus  Nigeria (NGR) Women 100 m hurdles
4 × 100 m relay
2009 6th (semis) Nigerian relay team disqualified
Alemitu Bekele Degfa  Turkey (TUR) Women 1500 m
5000 m
2009
2011
11th (1500 m heats, 2009)
13th (5000 m, 2009)
9th (5000 m heats, 2011)
Disqualified at two editions
Yuliya Chermoshanskaya  Russia (RUS) Women 4 × 100 m relay 2009 4th Russian relay team disqualified
Marta Domínguez  Spain (ESP) Women 3000 m steeplechase 2009 1st place, gold medalist(s)
Yelizaveta Grechishnikova  Russia (RUS) Women 5000 m 2009
2011
10th (h)
14th
Disqualified at two editions
Olga Kaniskina  Russia (RUS) Women 20 kilometres walk 2009
2011
1st place, gold medalist(s) (2009)
1st place, gold medalist(s) (2011)
Disqualified at two editions
Anastasiya Kapachinskaya  Russia (RUS) Women 400 m
4 × 400 m relay
2009
2011
7th (2009)
3rd place, bronze medalist(s) (2011)
2009 and 2011 bronze medal-winning Russian relay teams disqualified. Disqualified at two editions
Svetlana Klyuka  Russia (RUS) Women 800 m 2009 5th (semis)
Iríni Kokkinaríou  Greece (GRE) Women 3000 m steeplechase 2009
2011
8th (q, 2009)
11th (q, 2011)
Disqualified at two editions
Mariya Konovalova  Russia (RUS) Women 10,000 m 2009 11th
Zalina Petrivskaya  Moldova (MDA) Women Hammer throw 2009
2011
14th (q, 2009)
8th (2011)
Disqualified at two editions
Amaka Ogoegbunam  Nigeria (NGR) Women 400 m
400 m hurdles
2009 DNF (semis)
DQ (semis)
Hanane Ouhaddou  Morocco (MAR) Women 3000 m steeplechase 2009
2011
5th (h)
8th
Disqualified at two editions
Vita Palamar  Ukraine (UKR) Women High jump 2009 8th (q)
Tatyana Petlyuk  Ukraine (UKR) Women 800 m
4 × 400 m relay
2009
2011
6th (semis)
DNF (h)
2009 Russian relay team disqualified. Disqualified at two editions
Nailya Yulamanova  Russia (RUS) Women Marathon 2009 8th Bronze medal-winning Russian team for the 2009 World Marathon Cup disqualified
Denis Alekseyev  Russia (RUS) Men 4 × 400 m relay 2011 4th Russian relay team disqualified
Ahmed Baday  Morocco (MAR) Men Marathon 2011 27th
Sergey Bakulin  Russia (RUS) Men 50 kilometres walk 2011 1st place, gold medalist(s)
Abderrahime Bouramdane  Morocco (MAR) Men Marathon 2011 4th
Zoltán Kovágó  Hungary (HUN) Men Discus throw 2011 7th (q)
Lim Hee-Nam  South Korea (KOR) Men 4 × 100 m relay 2011 5th (h) South Korean relay team disqualified
Vladimir Kanaykin  Russia (RUS) Men 20 kilometres walk 2011 2nd place, silver medalist(s)
Hadi Md Nor Imran  Malaysia (MAS) Men 100 m 2011 7th (q-finals)
Sergey Morozov  Russia (RUS) Men 20 kilometres walk 2011 12th
Mohamed Othman Shahween  Saudi Arabia (KSA) Men 1500 m 2011 DNF (h)
Stanislav Yemelyanov  Russia (RUS) Men 20 kilometres walk 2011 5th
Igor Yerokhin  Russia (RUS) Men 50 kilometres walk 2011
Aslı Çakır Alptekin  Turkey (TUR) Women 1500 m 2011 10th (semis)
Bahar Doğan  Turkey (TUR) Women Marathon 2011 36th
Inna Eftimova  Bulgaria (BUL) Women 100 m 2011 4th (h)
Tetyana Gamera  Ukraine (UKR) Women Marathon 2011 15th
Semoy Hackett  Trinidad and Tobago (TTO) Women 100 m
4 × 100 m relay
2011 4th (semis) 4th-placed Trinidad and Tobago relay team disqualified
Norjannah Hafiszah Jamaludin  Malaysia (MAS) Women 100 m 2011 6th (q-finals)
Natallia Kareiva  Belarus (BLR) Women 1500 m 2011 6th (h)
Yekaterina Kostetskaya  Russia (RUS) Women 800 m 2011 5th
Olga Kucherenko  Russia (RUS) Women Long jump 2011
2013
2nd place, silver medalist(s)
5th
Disqualified at two editions
Yekaterina Sharmina  Russia (RUS) Women 1500 m 2011
2013
9th (semis)
6th
Disqualified at two editions
Tatyana Mineyeva  Russia (RUS) Women 20 kilometres walk 2011 17th
Sara Moreira  Portugal (POR) Women 3000 m steeplechase 2011 12th
Semiha Mutlu  Turkey (TUR) Women 20 kilometres walk 2011 DNF
Anna Omorova  Russia (RUS) Women Shot put 2011 10th
Marielys Rojas  Venezuela (VEN) Women High jump 2011 12th (q)
Yuliya Stepanova  Russia (RUS) Women 800 m 2011 8th
Pınar Saka  Turkey (TUR) Women 400 m
4 × 400 m relay
2011 6th (h) Turkish relay team disqualified
Mariya Savinova  Russia (RUS) Women 800 m 2011
2013
1st place, gold medalist(s)
2nd place, silver medalist(s)
Disqualified at two editions
Anzhelika Shevchenko  Ukraine (UKR) Women 1500 m 2011 9th (h)
Olesya Syreva  Russia (RUS) Women 1500 m 2011 9th (semis)
Nataliya Tobias  Ukraine (UKR) Women 1500 m 2011 9th
Binnaz Uslu  Turkey (TUR) Women 3000 m steeplechase 2011 7th
Antonina Yefremova  Ukraine (UKR) Women 400 m
4 × 400 m relay
2011 4th (semis) Fifth-place Ukrainian relay team disqualified
Lyudmyla Yosypenko  Ukraine (UKR) Women Heptathlon 2011 10th
Yuliya Zaripova  Russia (RUS) Women 3000 m steeplechase 2011 1st place, gold medalist(s)
Roman Avramenko  Ukraine (UKR) Men Javelin throw 2013 5th
Massoud Azizi  Afghanistan (AFG) Men 100 m 2013 8th (h)
Hafid Chani  Morocco (MAR) Men Marathon 2013 DNF
Othmane El Goumri  Morocco (MAR) Men 5000 m 2013
2015
7th (h)
13th (h)
Disqualified at two editions
Pavel Kryvitski  Belarus (BLR) Men Hammer throw 2013 9th (q)
Ebrahim Rahimian  Iran (IRI) Men 20 kilometres walk 2013 52nd
Joshua Ross  Australia (AUS) Men 200 m
4 × 100 m relay
2013 7th (h) Australian relay team disqualified
Jeremias Saloj  Guatemala (GUA) Men Marathon 2013 33rd
Sergio Sánchez  Spain (ESP) Men 5000 m 2013 14th (h)
Soslan Tsirikhov  Russia (RUS) Men Shot put 2013 13th (q)
Anna Bulgakova  Russia (RUS) Women Hammer throw 2013 5th
Yelizaveta Bryzgina  Ukraine (UKR) Women 200 m
4 × 100 m relay
2013 5th (semis) Ukrainian relay team disqualified
Vera Ganeyeva  Russia (RUS) Women Discus throw 2013 7th (q)
Ümmü Kiraz  Turkey (TUR) Women Marathon 2013 DNF
Yevgeniya Kolodko  Russia (RUS) Women Shot put 2013 5th
Ayman Kozhakhmetova  Kazakhstan (KAZ) Women 20 kilometres walk 2013 27th
Antonina Krivoshapka  Russia (RUS) Women 400 m
4 × 400 m relay
2013 3rd place, bronze medalist(s) Gold medal-winning Russian relay team disqualified
Yelena Ryabova  Turkmenistan (TKM) Women 200 m 2013 6th (h)
Adil Annani  Morocco (MAR) Men Marathon 2015 DNF
Yassine Bensghir  Morocco (MAR) Men 1500 m 2015 9th (semis)
Tosin Adeloye  Nigeria (NGR) Women 400 m
4 × 400 m relay
2015 5th (h) Fourth-placed Nigerian relay team disqualified
Francisca Koki  Kenya (KEN) Women 400 m hurdles 2015 6th (h)
Deborah Odeyemi  Nigeria (NGR) Women 4 × 100 m relay 2015 8th (h) Nigerian relay team disqualified
Joy Sakari  Kenya (KEN) Women 400 m 2015 DNS (semis)

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ The Prohibited List. WADA. Retrieved 2018-03-17.
  2. ^ a b IAAF ANTI-DOPING RULES. IAAF. Retrieved 2018-03-17.
  3. ^ IAAF statement in response to second McLaren report. IAAF (2016-12-09). Retrieved 2018-03-17.
  4. ^ a b 2017 World Championships in Athletics Statistics Book (pp. 82–87). IAAF (2017). Retrieved 2018-03-17.
  5. ^ Doping: More than 30% of athletes at 2011 Worlds admit to doping. BBC Sport (2017-08-29). Retrieved 2018-03-17.
  6. ^ IAAF commitment to healthy and drug-free athletics. IAAF. Retrieved 2018-03-17.
  7. ^ IAAF clears eight Russian athletes to compete as neutrals but rejects 53 more. The Guardian (2017-07-20). Retrieved 2018-03-17.
  8. ^ World Championships 2017: Three 'adverse' London findings investigated. BBC Sport (2017-08-25). Retrieved 2018-03-17.
List of banned athletes

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