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First ladies and gentlemen of Mexico

From Wikipedia - Reading time: 10 min
First Gentleman of Mexico
since 1 October 2024
ResidenceNational Palace of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
Term length6 years
Inaugural holderMaría Antonia Bretón
Formation1917
WebsiteGob.MX

The first lady of Mexico (Spanish: Primera Dama de México) or first gentleman of Mexico (Spanish: Primer Caballero de México)[1] is the informal title held by the spouse of the president of Mexico, concurrent with the president's term of office.

The position has no legal foundation and was originally started as a courtesy title. However, several holders of the title have taken on ceremonial roles during the presidential tenure of their spouses and have used the position to advocate for various causes.

Jesús María Tarriba is the current First Gentleman of Mexico as the husband of President Claudia Sheinbaum Pardo.

Role

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First Lady Angélica Rivera (2012 to 2018) at a donation drive for the victims of Hurricane Ingrid and Hurricane Manuel, as part of her role as head of the National DIF.[2]

The first lady or first gentleman is not an elected position, carries no official duties and brings no salary. Nonetheless, the title holder attends many official ceremonies and functions of state either along with or in place of the president. There is a strict taboo against the president's spouse holding outside employment during the president's sexenio. Traditionally, the first lady took an important (ceremonial) post as head of the Desarrollo Integral de la Familia (DIF) ("Integral Family Development"). However, this did not occur during the Fox administration when First Lady Marta Sahagún founded the national philanthropic organization Vamos México.

History

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Two first ladies have been active politicians: Martha Sahagún, who married Vicente Fox during his tenure (2001–2006), had been a party activist and candidate for mayor of Celaya on the PAN party ticket, and was briefly considered a contender for PAN's nomination to run for either the Jefe de Gobierno (Governor of the Federal District) or president in the 2006 election. Margarita Zavala, wife of Felipe Calderón, was a deputy from 2003 to 2006. In the 2018 Mexican general election, she was a pre-candidate for the nomination of PAN, and then she briefly ran as an independent.[3]

Beatriz Gutiérrez Müller (2018 to 2024), wife of Andrés Manuel López Obrador, abstained from using the title of first lady. She stated it was a "role with no concrete functions or responsibilities." She also said she wanted to "serve Mexico any way she can", and that the title "first lady" is "somewhat classist".[4] Gutiérrez Müller also refused the position as head of the National DIF.[5]

List of first ladies and gentlemen of Mexico

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Revolutionary era

Portrait Name President Period
María Antonieta Bretón de Victoria Guadalupe Victoria 1824–1829
María Guadalupe Hernández de Guerrero Vicente Guerrero 1829
María de Jesús Carranco de Bocanegra José María Bocanegra 1829
Guadalupe Quesada de Bustamante Anastasio Bustamante 1830–1832, 1837–1839, 1839–1841
Joaquina Bezares de Múzquiz Melchor Múzquiz 1832
María Juliana Azcárate de Gómez Pedraza Manuel Gómez Pedraza 1832–1833
Isabel López de Gómez Farias Valentín Gómez Farías 1833–1834, 1846–1847
Inés García de López de Santa Anna Antonio López de Santa Anna 1833–1844
Manuela de Trebuesto y Casasola de Barragán Miguel Barragán 1835–1836
Juana Fernanda Ulloa de Corro José Justo Corro 1836–1837
María Antonieta Guevara y Muñiz de Bravo Nicolas Bravo 1839, 1843, 1846
Refugio Almanza de Echeverría Francisco Javier Echeverría 1841
Josefa Dávila de Canalizo Valentín Canalizo 1844
Dolores Alzugaray de Herrera José Joaquín de Herrera 1844–1845, 1848–1851
Josefa Cortés de Paredes Mariano Paredes y Arrillaga 1846
Josefa Cardeña de Salas José Mariano Salas 1846, 1859
Antonieta Guevara de Anaya Pedro Ma. Anaya 1847, 1848
María Luisa Ozta Cotera de la Peña Manuel de la Peña y Peña 1847, 1848
Guadalupe Martell de Arista Mariano Arista 1851–1853
Ángeles Madrid de Bautista Ceballos Juan Bautista Ceballos 1853
Refugio Alegría de Lombardini Manuel María Lombardini 1853
Dolores Tosta de López de Santa Anna Antonio López de Santa Anna 1853–1855
Ángeles Lardizábal de Carrera Martín Carrera 1855
Pilar Valera de Díaz de la Vega Rómulo Díaz de la Vega 1855
Faustina Benítez de Álvarez Juan Álvarez 1855
María Baamonde de Comonfort Ignacio Comonfort 1855–1858
Margarita Maza de Juárez Benito Juárez 1858–1871
María de la Gracia Palafox de Zuloaga Félix María Zuloaga 1858
- Manuel Robles Pezuela 1858–1859
Concepción Lombardo de Miramón Miguel Miramón 1859–1860
Felipa González de Pavón José Ignacio Pavón 1860
- Sebastián Lerdo de Tejada 1872–1876
Juana Calderón de Iglesias José María Iglesias 1876
- Juan N. Méndez 1876-1877
Delfina Ortega de Díaz Porfirio Díaz 1877–1880
Laura Mantecón de González Manuel González Flores 1880–1884
Carmen Romero Rubio de Díaz Porfirio Díaz 1884–1911
Refugio Borneque de León de la Barra Francisco León de la Barra 1911
Sara Pérez de Madero Francisco I. Madero 1911–1913
María Enriqueta Flores de Lascuráin Pedro Lascuráin 1913
Emilia Águila de Huerta Victoriano Huerta 1913–1914
Ana María Gutiérrez de Carvajal Francisco S. Carvajal 1914
Petra Treviño de Gutiérrez Ortiz Eulalio Gutiérrez 1914–1915
María Concepción Garay de González Garza Roque González Garza 1915
- Francisco Lagos Cházaro 1915

Post-revolutionary era

Portrait Name President Period
Virginia Salinas de Carranza
(1861–1919) 		Venustiano Carranza 1917–1919
Clara Oriol de la Huerta
(1884–1967) 		Adolfo de la Huerta 1920
María Tapia de Obregón
(1888–1971) 		Álvaro Obregón 1920–1924 (1928[6])
Natalia Chacón de Elías Calles
(1879–1927) 		Plutarco Elías Calles 1924–1927
Hortensia Elías Chacón
(1905–1996) 		1927–1928
Carmen García de Portes Gil
(1905–1979) 		Emilio Portes Gil 1928–1930
Josefina Ortiz de Ortiz Rubio
(1892–1983) 		Pascual Ortiz Rubio 1930–1932
Aída Sullivan de Rodríguez
(1904–1975) 		Abelardo L. Rodríguez 1932–1934
Amalia Solórzano de Cárdenas
(1911–2008) 		Lázaro Cárdenas 1934–1940
Soledad Orozco de Ávila Camacho
(1904–1996) 		Manuel Ávila Camacho 1940–1946
Beatriz Velasco de Alemán
(1913–1981) 		Miguel Alemán Valdés 1946–1952
María Izaguirre de Ruiz Cortines
(1891–1979) 		Adolfo Ruiz Cortines 1952–1958
Eva Sámano de López Mateos
(1910–1984) 		Adolfo López Mateos 1958–1964
Guadalupe Borja de Díaz Ordaz
(1915–1974) 		Gustavo Díaz Ordaz 1964–1970
María Esther Zuno de Echeverría
(1924–1999) 		Luis Echeverría 1970–1976
Carmen Romano portrait Carmen Romano de López Portillo
(1926–2000) 		José López Portillo 1976–1982
Paloma Cordero de la Madrid
(1937–2020) 		Miguel de la Madrid 1982–1988
Cecilia Occelli de Salinas
(1949) 		Carlos Salinas de Gortari 1988–1994
Nilda Patricia Velasco de Zedillo
(1952) 		Ernesto Zedillo 1994–2000
Marta Sahagún portrait Marta Sahagún de Fox
(1953) 		Vicente Fox 2001–2006[7]
Margarita Zavala portrait Margarita Zavala de Calderón
(1967) 		Felipe Calderón 2006–2012
Angélica Rivera portrait Angélica Rivera de Peña
(1969) 		Enrique Peña Nieto 2012–2018
Beatriz Gutiérrez portrait Beatriz Gutiérrez de López Obrador
(1969) 		Andrés Manuel López Obrador 2018–2024
Jesús María Tarriba Jesús María Tarriba Unger
(1962) 		Claudia Sheinbaum 2024–present

Living former first ladies

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As of 22 November 2024, there are six living former first ladies, as identified below.


The most recent first lady to die was Paloma Cordero, widow of Miguel de la Madrid on May 11, 2020.

See also

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References

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Notes

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  1. ^ "¿Quién es Jesús María Tarriba, pareja de Claudia Sheinbaum y futuro primer caballero de México?". CNN (in Spanish). 3 June 2024. Retrieved 4 June 2024.
  2. ^ "Encabeza Angélica Rivera instalación de Centro de Acopio". gob.mx (in Spanish). Sistema Nacional DIF. Retrieved 18 June 2024.
  3. ^ "Margarita Zavala renuncia a su candidatura para presidir México" [Margarita Zavala renounces her candidacy to lead Mexico]. El Pais (in Spanish). May 17, 2018. Retrieved August 24, 2019.
  4. ^ "La esposa de López Obrador suprime la figura de primera dama en México" [Wife of Lopez Obrador abolishes the post of First Lady of Mexico], El Diario.es (in Spanish), August 4, 2018, retrieved August 24, 2019
  5. ^ ""No soy presidente del DIF ni funcionaria pública": Beatriz Gutiérrez Müller tras recibir críticas en redes sociales". infobae (in European Spanish). 2 January 2021. Retrieved 18 June 2024.
  6. ^ President Obregón was assassinated just after being reelected and declared President-Elect, thus he was never sworn in, and therefore she did not assume the role and was First Lady-Designate from July 1, 1928 – July 17, 1928.
  7. ^ Since Vicente Fox was divorded upon assumption of the presidency, the post was vacant from December 1, 2000 to July 1, 2001, when he wed Marta Sahagún, who would then assume the role.
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