Flipper (1963 film)

Flipper
Theatrical release poster
Directed by	James B. Clark
Screenplay by	Arthur Weiss
Story by	Ricou Browning Jack Cowden
Produced by	Ivan Tors
Starring	Chuck Connors Luke Halpin Joe Higgins Kathleen Maguire
Cinematography	Lamar Boren Joseph Brun
Edited by	Warren Brown
Music by	Henry Vars
Distributed by	Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
Release date	August 14, 1963 (1963-08-14)
Running time	90 minutes
Country	United States
Language	English
Budget	$500,000[1]
Box office	$2,500,000 (rentals)[2]

Flipper is a 1963 American adventure film written by Arthur Weiss^[3] based upon a story by Ricou Browning and Jack Cowden. Produced by Ivan Tors and directed by James B. Clark, the film centers on a 12-year-old boy living with his parents in the Florida Keys who befriends an injured wild dolphin. The boy and the dolphin become inseparable, eventually overcoming the misgivings of the boy's fisherman father.

Released by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer on August 14, 1963, the film introduced the popular song Flipper by Dunham and Henry Vars. It was a surprise hit at the box office^[1] and inspired the subsequent television series of the same name (1964–1967) and film sequels.^[4]

The original dolphin was a female named Mitsy, and was owned by an older couple in Little Torch Key. Mitsy performed all the tricks in the original movie. It took 5 different dolphins to "replace" her in the second movie.

Sandy Ricks is a young boy living in the Florida Keys who rescues and befriends a dolphin injured by a harpoon. His father, fisherman Porter Ricks disapproves since dolphins compete for fish, which jeopardizes the family income. He is also upset that, after befriending the dolphin, Sandy neglects his chores, especially those assigned by Porter to repair items damaged by the hurricane from which Sandy and Porter escape at the beginning of the film.

Sandy names the dolphin Flipper, and Flipper recovers from the wound and puts on a show to entertain the neighborhood children. Porter, seeing Flipper as both a threat to his nets and fish and a distraction to Sandy's chores, lets the recovered Flipper swim out of the pen to the open sea, despite Sandy's tearful plea to keep the pet that he has come to love.

Flipper returns to the Ricks' pen, much to Sandy's delight, but devours Porter's entire catch of pompano, which were caught only because Flipper guided Sandy to the fish. The loss is keenly felt because of a red plague killing local fish in large numbers. Porter harshly berates Sandy for allowing Flipper to jump into the holding pen of valuable fish waiting to go to market. Reduced to tears, Sandy retreats to his bedroom as Porter's wife Martha reminds Porter that Sandy is just a child.

Determined to make up for the loss, Sandy sets off to find more fish, and is led by Flipper to a large school of fish near a reef. Later, Sandy is rescued from a threatening shark by Flipper, and the grateful father draws closer to his son. Porter is finally convinced that Flipper did indeed help Sandy find fish and that there are enough fish for the local residents as well as the dolphins.

• Chuck Connors as Porter Ricks
• Luke Halpin as Sandy Ricks
• Kathleen Maguire as Martha Ricks
• Connie Scott as Kim Parker
• Jane Rose as Hettie White
• Joe Higgins as Mr. L. C. Parett
• Robertson White as Mr. Abrams
• George Applewhite as Sheriff Rogers
• Sharon Roberts (Bertram) as pretty girl by water and Sabrina's mom

Co-creator Ricou Browning said that he originally conceived the story after seeing his children intently watching the TV series Lassie, which inspired Browning to create a similar story with a dolphin in place of the dog. After he sent the story to his friend, producer Ivan Tors, Tors expressed interest in making it into a film.^[5][6]

Filmed in color in 1962 and released in 1963, Flipper has several underwater sequences, along with scenes of the trained dolphin performing stunts. Flipper was actually Mitzi (1958–1972), a female trained at the Santini Porpoise School (later the Dolphin Research Center) by Milton and Virginia Santini, who are credited in the film. Mitzi is buried at the Dolphin Research Center,

In addition to Mitzi, four other dolphins were filmed for the production of the movie. Two of the dolphins, Little Bit, a female, and Mr. Gipper, a male, mated at the Santini Porpoise School, yielding a calf named Tursi in 1973 who was still living at the Dolphin Research Center as of 2000^[update].^[7]

A film sequel, Flipper's New Adventure, was filmed in late 1963 and released in June 1964. That same year, a television series inspired by the movie, also titled Flipper, began and ran until 1967. A 1990s television revival featured Jessica Alba. In 1996, a movie remake was released, starring Paul Hogan and Elijah Wood.

• List of American films of 1963

• Flipper at IMDb
• Flipper at the TCM Movie Database
• Flipper at AllMovie
• Flipper at the AFI Catalog of Feature Films